ENVIRONMENT RELATED ACT
#important


Indian Forest Act, 1927

The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995

National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

Noise Pollution rule, 2000

Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001

Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

Wildlife Protection Act of 1972

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Biological Diversity Act, 2002

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

National Environment Appellate Authority act -1997

Forest Conservation Act, 1980

NGT Act,2010

Please go through all these acts either from Shankar ias or Google... bcoz these extremely important from environment n ecological prespective

#Important
Salient features of Indra Sawhney judgment

*It recognized socially and economically backward classes as a category and recognized the validity of the 27 per cent reservation.

*The concept of ‘creamy layer’ gained currency through this judgment. Those among the OBCs who had transcended their social backwardness were to be excluded from the reservation.

*It laid down a 50 per cent limit on reservations and observed that economic, social and educational criteria were needed to define backward classes.

*Reservation for backward classes (which include OBCs and SCs & STs) should be confined to initial appointments and not extend to promotions.

National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) #Important

*102nd Constitution Amendment Act, 2018 provides constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC).

*It has the authority to examine complaints and welfare measures regarding socially and educationally backward classes.

*Previously NCBC was a statutory body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

# Structure of NCBC

The Commission consists of five members including a Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson and three other Members appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.

The conditions of service and tenure of office of the Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson and other Members is determined by President.

# Constitutional Provisions

*Article 340 deals with the need to, inter alia, identify those "socially and educationally backward classes", understand the conditions of their backwardness, and make recommendations to remove the difficulties they face.

*102nd Constitution Amendment Act inserted new Articles 338 B and 342 A.

*The amendment also brings about changes in Article 366.

*Article 338B provides authority to NCBC to examine complaints and welfare measures regarding socially and educationally backward classes.

*Article 342 A empowers President to specify socially and educationally backward classes in various states and union territories. He can do this in consultation with Governor of concerned State. However, law enacted by Parliament will be required if list of backward classes is to be amended.

For 10/03/21 The Hindu

For 11/03/21