World Wildlife Day, 2021

• World Wildlife Day is celebrated each year on March 3 to raise awareness of issues that impact wildlife.
• World Wildlife Day is observed to celebrate and raise awareness of the world's wild animals and plants and discussing the threats they are facing and the urgent need for governments, civil society, private sector actors, and individuals to add their voices and take actions to help conserve wildlife and ensure its continued use is sustainable.
• The day also highlights the issues such as urbanization, poaching, pollution, destruction of wildlife habitat, and the ways that humans can contribute to conservation efforts.
• World Wildlife Day 2021 theme is "Forests and Livelihoods: Sustaining People and Planet.”
• The day reminds us of the urgent need to step up the fight against wildlife crime, which has wide-ranging economic, environmental, and social impacts.

History
• The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on December 20, 2013, at its 68th session, decided to proclaim March 3, the day of the adoption of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), as World Wildlife Day.
• World Wildlife Day has become one of the most important global annual events dedicated to wildlife.

My thoughts on note making for CSE -
IAS Abhishek Saraf AIR 8

* WHY NOTES???*

To my mind the purpose of note making is quadruple-
1. To make a concise version of what you read for quick revision
2. To internalise/ remember the content better and as writing practice
3. To bring multiple sources to one place
4. To develop figures, tables, piecharts, bar charts, graphs etc. for use in answers (although this can be done independently as well)

Now each person has their own way of making notes.. but one should make notes for one or more of the above four purposes.. and make notes in such a way that helps you achieve one or more of the above four... then please note that you don't have to make notes out of everything.. for eg. i did make notes from part 2 of GC Leong and RS Sharma's Ancient India.. but did not make notes from Modern India spectrum (the book is already in notes form )

Also, never make notes in the first reading .. that way your notes will be almost as big as the book itself.. do not underline in the first reading either ... otherwise you will underline the entire book.. make notes or underline in the second reading... A good rule of thumb is that the size of your notes should be 10% of the book or source you are making notes from

*WHAT TO PUT IN NOTES*
1. For this one should go through PYQ and toppers' answer sheets... one realises from those as to how they pick their content from the sources, how they design figures and diagrams... one should put that sort of content from the sources in notes... being able to sort useful from garbage is an art and it develops over time and with practice..
2. One can make separate notes for fact, figures, policies, schemes, laws, committees

*COPY PASTE or PARAPHRASE*
Another challenge you will face while making notes (especially from newspapers)

Here again there are two ways and you must decide for yourself
*1. Retain the language from the editorials*- that way when you revise your notes it will enable you to use more impactful terminology and better phrases in your answers... you will be able to internalise more and more keywords and using keywords in answers helps....if you use the language of editorials the sentence formation will be better... but here your internalisation of the content as a whole will be slow... as you have copied and pasted ...
*2. Write the content you read in your own language*- this will be a good answer writing practice for you.. this will help you retain the content and subject matter better and faster as you will write after understanding.... but then you will write only what you understood and hence you will miss out on keywords that you did not understand... the keywords that come in editorials and you did not understand so when you write your notes you will skip them.. that will make your final answer less impactful.. as you have less keywords.. and sentence formation will not be as good as it will be with point 1 above..

So in conclusion you have to pick and chose among the above two ways.. whatever suits best for you..

*REVISION and ITERATIVE TRIMMING*
In general with notes ... one should make them in an iterative manner... first time you will make detailed and elaborate notes... then you revise and with revision you retain the content.. as you remember more and more content you need less content on paper so the size of notes shrink... so with multiple revisions your notes become more concise and to the point with less jargon

Finally, there is no one way to make notes... there is no single purpose... you have to know why you are making notes and make them accordingly... you will inevitably use your own style to make notes and that is perfectly alright...

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Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)

* SEBI is a statutory body established on April 12, 1992 in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992.

* The basic functions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India is to protect the interests of investors in securities and to promote and regulate the securities market.

* SEBI Board consists of a Chairman and several other whole time and part time members.

*SEBI also appoints various committees, whenever required to look into the pressing issues of that time.

* Further, a Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) has been constituted to protect the interest of entities that feel aggrieved by SEBI’s decision.

* SAT consists of a Presiding Officer and two other Members.

* It has the same powers as vested in a civil court. Further, if any person feels aggrieved by SAT’s decision or order can appeal to the Supreme Court.

#MainsFodder #PT2021

Land Ports Authority of India

- LPAI celebrated its 9th Foundation Day at its headquarters in New Delhi.
- LPAI is a statutory body established under Land Ports Authority of India Act, 2010.

Role:
- It develops, sanitizes and manages the facilities for cross-
border movement 
- It includes movements of passengers and goods along the international borders of India.
- Integrated Check Posts (ICPs) on the border.
- Manage various activities like infrastructure facilities, communication, security, etc.
- It can regulate and control the movement of vehicles, people and goods.
- It can develop and provide consultancy, construction or management services.

Similipal BioSphere Reserve
#IMPORTANT IN NEWs
*Similipal National Park is also a Tiger Reserve. It is part of the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserve since 2009.
*It is part of the Similipal-Kuldiha-Hadgarh Elephant Reserve popularly known as Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, which includes 3 protected areas i.e. Similipal Tiger Reserve, Hadgarh Wildlife sanctuary and Kuldiha wildlife sanctuary.Similipal National Park derives its name from the abundance of Semul or red silk cotton trees that bloom abundantly in the locality.
It was formally designated a tiger reserve in 1956 and brought under Project Tiger in the year of 1973. The Government of Odisha declared Similipal as a wildlife sanctuary in 1979.

International Criminal Court
It opened a formal investigation into alleged war crimes in the Palestinian territories, in a move blasted by Israel as the “essence of anti-Semitism”.
o HQ: Hague, Netherlands
o ICC is the 1st and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
o It is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore exercise its jurisdiction only when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals.
o ICC lacks universal territorial jurisdiction, and may only investigate and prosecute crimes committed within member states, crimes committed by nationals of member states, or crimes in situations referred to the Court by the UNSC.