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Forwarded from Facta non verba.
Vitalik's recent post on automated stablecoins.

Automated stablecoin?
- It issues a stablecoin, which attempts to target a particular price index. There is some targeting mechanism that continuously works to push the price toward the index if it veers away in either direction.
- The targeting mechanism is completely decentralized and it must not rely on asset custodians.

Thought experiment 1: can the stablecoin, even in theory, safely "wind down" to zero users?
- When a product declines, customers generally don't get hurt all that much in the non-crypto world. But sometimes in crypto world, a rapid drop in interest followed by a bang happens instead of slow decline.
- RAI's security depends on an external asset, so has a much easier time safely winding down. However, it still has problem when it becomes primary dApp on Ethereum that it can crater the price of ETH (and also it cannot eventually grow more than ETH's market cap since it's over-collateralized).

Thought experiment 2: what happens if you try to peg the stablecoin to an index that goes up 20% per year?
- For a collateralized automated stablecoin to be sustainable, it has to somehow contain the possibility of implementing a negative interest rate.
- The stablecoin must somehow be able to respond to situations where even at a zero interest rate, demand for holding exceeds demand for borrowing.

Attitude we should have
- We need to move away from the attitude that it's okay to achieve safety by relying on endless growth.
- We should evaluate how safe systems are by looking at their steady state, and even the pessimistic state of how they would fare under extreme conditions and ultimately whether or not they can safely wind down.

https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2022/05/25/stable.html
The Hitchhiker's Guide to Ethereum

Key Takeaways
- Ethereum is the only major protocol building a scalable unified settlement and data availability layer
- Rollups scale computation while leveraging Ethereum’s security
- All roads lead to the endgame of centralized block production, decentralized trustless block validation, and censorship resistance
- Innovations such as proposer-builder separation and weak statelessness unlock this separation of powers (building and validating) to achieve scalability without sacrificing security or decentralization
- MEV is now front and center – numerous designs are planned to mitigate its harm and prevent its centralizing tendencies
- Danksharding combines multiple avenues of cutting edge research to provide the scalable base layer required for Ethereum’s rollup-centric roadmap
- I do expect danksharding to be implemented within our lifetimes

https://members.delphidigital.io/reports/the-hitchhikers-guide-to-ethereum