#Know_Your_Army
SIKH REGIMENT
◆The Sikh Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army that recruits from the Sikh community.
◆It is the most decorated regiment of the Indian Army and in 1979, the 1st battalion was the Commonwealth’s most decorated battalion with 245 pre-independence and 82 post-independence gallantry awards, when it was transformed into the 4th battalion, Mechanised Infantry Regiment.
◆The first battalion of the regiment was officially raised just before the annexation of the Sikh Empire on August 1, 1846, by the British East India Company. Currently, the Sikh Regimental Centre is located in Ramgarh Cantonment, Jharkhand.
◆The Centre was earlier located in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. About 5000 Indian soldiers, some belonging to the regiment, mutinied after the storming of the Golden Temple by the Indian Army as part of Operation Blue Star in 1984.
◆21 soldiers of the 36th Sikhs were posthumously awarded the Indian Order of Merit for their actions in the Battle of Saragarhi in 1897.
◆The Sikh Regiment is one of the highest decorated regiments of the Indian Army, with 72 Battle Honours, 15 Theatre Honours and 5 COAS Unit Citations besides 2 Param Vir Chakras, 14 Maha Vir Chakras, 5 Kirti Chakras, 67 Vir Chakras and 1596 other gallantry awards. The chequered history of the Regiment spanning 154 years is bloodied with heroic deeds of valour and courage which have few parallels if any.
◆Although the Regiment's official history dates back to 1846, the biological heritage has its roots in the noble teachings and sacrifices made by the ten Gurus.
◆The Sikh Regiment of today has imbibed the culture and chivalry of Sher-e-Punjab Maharaja Ranjit Singh's erstwhile Khalsa Army. The ethos and traditions of the Regiment got formalised with the raising of 'Regiment of Ferozepore Sikhs' and Regiment of Ludhiana Sikhs' on 01 August 18446 by Captain G. Tebbs and Lieutenant Colonel P. Gordon respectively.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
SIKH REGIMENT
◆The Sikh Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army that recruits from the Sikh community.
◆It is the most decorated regiment of the Indian Army and in 1979, the 1st battalion was the Commonwealth’s most decorated battalion with 245 pre-independence and 82 post-independence gallantry awards, when it was transformed into the 4th battalion, Mechanised Infantry Regiment.
◆The first battalion of the regiment was officially raised just before the annexation of the Sikh Empire on August 1, 1846, by the British East India Company. Currently, the Sikh Regimental Centre is located in Ramgarh Cantonment, Jharkhand.
◆The Centre was earlier located in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. About 5000 Indian soldiers, some belonging to the regiment, mutinied after the storming of the Golden Temple by the Indian Army as part of Operation Blue Star in 1984.
◆21 soldiers of the 36th Sikhs were posthumously awarded the Indian Order of Merit for their actions in the Battle of Saragarhi in 1897.
◆The Sikh Regiment is one of the highest decorated regiments of the Indian Army, with 72 Battle Honours, 15 Theatre Honours and 5 COAS Unit Citations besides 2 Param Vir Chakras, 14 Maha Vir Chakras, 5 Kirti Chakras, 67 Vir Chakras and 1596 other gallantry awards. The chequered history of the Regiment spanning 154 years is bloodied with heroic deeds of valour and courage which have few parallels if any.
◆Although the Regiment's official history dates back to 1846, the biological heritage has its roots in the noble teachings and sacrifices made by the ten Gurus.
◆The Sikh Regiment of today has imbibed the culture and chivalry of Sher-e-Punjab Maharaja Ranjit Singh's erstwhile Khalsa Army. The ethos and traditions of the Regiment got formalised with the raising of 'Regiment of Ferozepore Sikhs' and Regiment of Ludhiana Sikhs' on 01 August 18446 by Captain G. Tebbs and Lieutenant Colonel P. Gordon respectively.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
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#Know_Your_Army
THE REGIMENT OF ARTILLERY
▪️Motto: “Sarvatra Izzat-o-Iqbal” (Everywhere with Honour and Glory)
▪️War Cry: “Bharat Mata ki Jai” (Victory to Mother India)
▪️Regimental Centre: Nashik, Maharashtra
▪️Active from - 1827
▪️Regimental Colors - Red and Navy Blue
▪️Raising Day(Gunner's Day) - 28th Se
▪️Battle Honours- Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, Sino-Indian War of 1962, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and the Kargil War.
▪️Decorations - Victoria Cross 1, Ashoka Chakra 1, Maha Vir Chakra 7, Kirti Chakra 8, Vir Chakra 92, Yudh, Seva Medal 3, Shaurya Chakra 56, Sena Medal (Gallantry) 441
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
THE REGIMENT OF ARTILLERY
▪️Motto: “Sarvatra Izzat-o-Iqbal” (Everywhere with Honour and Glory)
▪️War Cry: “Bharat Mata ki Jai” (Victory to Mother India)
▪️Regimental Centre: Nashik, Maharashtra
▪️Active from - 1827
▪️Regimental Colors - Red and Navy Blue
▪️Raising Day(Gunner's Day) - 28th Se
▪️Battle Honours- Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948, Sino-Indian War of 1962, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and the Kargil War.
▪️Decorations - Victoria Cross 1, Ashoka Chakra 1, Maha Vir Chakra 7, Kirti Chakra 8, Vir Chakra 92, Yudh, Seva Medal 3, Shaurya Chakra 56, Sena Medal (Gallantry) 441
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_Army
REGIMENT OF ARTILLERY
◆The Regiment of Artillery is an operational arm (a regiment/corps) of the Indian Army. Formerly part of Royal Indian Artillery (RIA) of British Indian Army which itself traces its origins to the formation of Bombay Artillery in 1827.
◆It was later involved in extensive service in the First World War, in East Africa, Gallipoli, Mesopotamia and Palestine. Today it is the second-largest arm of the Indian Army, and with its guns, mortars, rocket launchers, unmanned aerial vehicles, surveillance systems, missiles, and artillery firepower it constitutes almost one-sixth of its total strength.
◆In the artillery, the regiments have been divided into different units. They have been classified into Medium Regiments, Light Regiments, Missile Regiments, Rocket Regiments, SATA (Surveillance & Target Acquisition) Regiments, SATA (Surveillance & Target Acquisition) Battery and Field Regiments.
◆Every Artillery unit has its own equipment during wartime. SATA Battery and SATA Regiments are the most important units in artillery as they are equipped with UAV Drones and ELM MAST Radar System.
◆The Regiment of Artillery constitutes a formidable operational arm of Indian Army, with the units being organised on a Corps and Divisional basis.
◆In an infantry division, artillery consists of three field regiments, one light anti-aircraft regiment and medium guns as and when required.
◆Artillery is now classed as a combat arm (previously was classed as a combat support arm) with priorities shifting between direct support and counter-bombardment.
◆Its role is to dominate the battle field with its immense firepower so that an enemy can neither interfere with the operations nor develop their own effectively. For air and sea targets, gunners operate in conjunction with air and naval forces.
◆The Regiment is the second largest arm of the Indian Army and constitutes almost one-sixth of its total strength. With its guns, mortars, rocket launchers, unarmed aerial vehicles, surveillance systems and missiles, artillery fire-power packs a lethal punch.
◆The destructive capability of artillery firepower rapidly degrades the combat potential of the enemy and ultimately breaks his will to fight. The performance of the regiment during the Kargil conflict proved the battle winning capabilities of artillery.
◆The Regiment is in the forefront of fighting in Siachen - the highest battlefield in the world. Medium and field guns are providing close support to the infantry in Siachen, while artillery observation post officers are manning the piquet along with the infantry.
◆Here too the gunners have distinguished themselves and won many laurels including the Maha Vir Chakra. In peace time, the Regiment is undertaking counter-insurgency operations in Jammu & Kashmir and in the North-East (Assam, Manipur and Nagaland).
◆Air Observation Post and Air Defence branches bifurcated in 1986 and 1994 respectively, have formed new arms. The Artillery Centre is at Nasik, Maharashtra. The Regiment celebrated its 175th Anniversary in 2002.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
REGIMENT OF ARTILLERY
◆The Regiment of Artillery is an operational arm (a regiment/corps) of the Indian Army. Formerly part of Royal Indian Artillery (RIA) of British Indian Army which itself traces its origins to the formation of Bombay Artillery in 1827.
◆It was later involved in extensive service in the First World War, in East Africa, Gallipoli, Mesopotamia and Palestine. Today it is the second-largest arm of the Indian Army, and with its guns, mortars, rocket launchers, unmanned aerial vehicles, surveillance systems, missiles, and artillery firepower it constitutes almost one-sixth of its total strength.
◆In the artillery, the regiments have been divided into different units. They have been classified into Medium Regiments, Light Regiments, Missile Regiments, Rocket Regiments, SATA (Surveillance & Target Acquisition) Regiments, SATA (Surveillance & Target Acquisition) Battery and Field Regiments.
◆Every Artillery unit has its own equipment during wartime. SATA Battery and SATA Regiments are the most important units in artillery as they are equipped with UAV Drones and ELM MAST Radar System.
◆The Regiment of Artillery constitutes a formidable operational arm of Indian Army, with the units being organised on a Corps and Divisional basis.
◆In an infantry division, artillery consists of three field regiments, one light anti-aircraft regiment and medium guns as and when required.
◆Artillery is now classed as a combat arm (previously was classed as a combat support arm) with priorities shifting between direct support and counter-bombardment.
◆Its role is to dominate the battle field with its immense firepower so that an enemy can neither interfere with the operations nor develop their own effectively. For air and sea targets, gunners operate in conjunction with air and naval forces.
◆The Regiment is the second largest arm of the Indian Army and constitutes almost one-sixth of its total strength. With its guns, mortars, rocket launchers, unarmed aerial vehicles, surveillance systems and missiles, artillery fire-power packs a lethal punch.
◆The destructive capability of artillery firepower rapidly degrades the combat potential of the enemy and ultimately breaks his will to fight. The performance of the regiment during the Kargil conflict proved the battle winning capabilities of artillery.
◆The Regiment is in the forefront of fighting in Siachen - the highest battlefield in the world. Medium and field guns are providing close support to the infantry in Siachen, while artillery observation post officers are manning the piquet along with the infantry.
◆Here too the gunners have distinguished themselves and won many laurels including the Maha Vir Chakra. In peace time, the Regiment is undertaking counter-insurgency operations in Jammu & Kashmir and in the North-East (Assam, Manipur and Nagaland).
◆Air Observation Post and Air Defence branches bifurcated in 1986 and 1994 respectively, have formed new arms. The Artillery Centre is at Nasik, Maharashtra. The Regiment celebrated its 175th Anniversary in 2002.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#INTERNATIONAL_CURRENTAFFAIRS #INTERNATIONAL_RELATIONS
Atlantic Charter 2021
✔️Why in the news- Recently, US President Joe Biden and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson are expected to agree on a new "Atlantic Charter" that will reaffirm US-UK "special relationship.
●Public safety is paramount in the Atlantic Charter 2021.
●The Charter needs to deliver international protocols that are straightforward and easy to implement across the globe.
●This can only be done if the travel industry on both sides of the Atlantic is consulted and involved from the outset.
●The charter is also expected to outline eight areas with the Prime Minister and President will “resolve to work together for the benefit of humanity”, including recognising “more recent challenges” including the threat from cyber attacks, acting urgently on climate change, and “supporting the world to bring an end to, and recover from, the coronavirus pandemic
▪️History and background of Atlantic Charter
◆The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration issued during World War II (1939-45) by the United States and Great Britain that set out a vision for the postwar world.
◆First announced on August 14, 1941, a group of 26 Allied nations eventually pledged their support by January 1942.
◆Among its major points were a nation’s right to choose its own government, the easing of trade restrictions and a plea for postwar disarmament.
◆The document is considered one of the first key steps toward the establishment of the United Nations in 1945.
▪️Atlantic Charter included eight common Principles
◆Among them, the United States and Britain agreed not to seek territorial gains from the war, and they opposed any territorial changes made against the wishes of the people concerned.
◆The two countries also agreed to support the restoration of self-government to those nations who had lost it during the war.
◆Additionally, the Atlantic Charter stated that people should have the right to choose their own form of government.
◆Other principles included access for all nations to raw materials needed for economic prosperity and an easing of trade restrictions.
◆The document also called for international cooperation to secure improved living and working conditions for all; freedom of the seas; and for all countries to abandon the use of force.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Atlantic Charter 2021
✔️Why in the news- Recently, US President Joe Biden and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson are expected to agree on a new "Atlantic Charter" that will reaffirm US-UK "special relationship.
●Public safety is paramount in the Atlantic Charter 2021.
●The Charter needs to deliver international protocols that are straightforward and easy to implement across the globe.
●This can only be done if the travel industry on both sides of the Atlantic is consulted and involved from the outset.
●The charter is also expected to outline eight areas with the Prime Minister and President will “resolve to work together for the benefit of humanity”, including recognising “more recent challenges” including the threat from cyber attacks, acting urgently on climate change, and “supporting the world to bring an end to, and recover from, the coronavirus pandemic
▪️History and background of Atlantic Charter
◆The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration issued during World War II (1939-45) by the United States and Great Britain that set out a vision for the postwar world.
◆First announced on August 14, 1941, a group of 26 Allied nations eventually pledged their support by January 1942.
◆Among its major points were a nation’s right to choose its own government, the easing of trade restrictions and a plea for postwar disarmament.
◆The document is considered one of the first key steps toward the establishment of the United Nations in 1945.
▪️Atlantic Charter included eight common Principles
◆Among them, the United States and Britain agreed not to seek territorial gains from the war, and they opposed any territorial changes made against the wishes of the people concerned.
◆The two countries also agreed to support the restoration of self-government to those nations who had lost it during the war.
◆Additionally, the Atlantic Charter stated that people should have the right to choose their own form of government.
◆Other principles included access for all nations to raw materials needed for economic prosperity and an easing of trade restrictions.
◆The document also called for international cooperation to secure improved living and working conditions for all; freedom of the seas; and for all countries to abandon the use of force.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#INTERNATIONAL_CURRENTAFFAIRS #INTERNATIONAL_RELATIONS
Terror in the Sahel
✔️Why in the news- Recently, the massacre of at least 160 people in a border village in Burkina Faso over the weekend is a grim reminder of the threat the Sahel region faces from Islamist terrorism.
◆Nobody has claimed responsibility, but Burkinabe authorities have named the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS), which has carried out hundreds of terror strikes in recent years.
◆The security situation in Burkina Faso, which saw its first major Islamist terrorist attack in 2015, has deteriorated steadily, especially along the borders with Niger and Mali.
▪️Counter-insurgency operations
●Four main terror outfits operate in the region - the ISGS, the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP), the Jama’at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, the local al-Qaeda branch in Mali, and Boko Haram.
●Of these, the ISGS and Jama’at Nasr are reportedly in alliance to expand their influence in the BurkinaMali-Niger border region, where they shoot down anyone who does not declare their loyalty to the jihadists.
●Boko Haram and the ISWAP are fighting each other but control territories in northeastern Nigeria.
▪️About Sahel Region
◆The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic realm of transition in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the Sudanian savanna to the south.
◆It stretches across the south-central latitudes of Northern Africa between the Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea.
◆The Sahel part of Africa includes from west to east parts of northern Senegal, southern Mauritania, central Mali, northern Burkina Faso, the extreme south of Algeria, Niger, the extreme north of Nigeria, the extreme north of Cameroon and Central African Republic, central Chad, central and southern Sudan, the extreme north of South Sudan, Eritrea and the extreme north of Ethiopia.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Terror in the Sahel
✔️Why in the news- Recently, the massacre of at least 160 people in a border village in Burkina Faso over the weekend is a grim reminder of the threat the Sahel region faces from Islamist terrorism.
◆Nobody has claimed responsibility, but Burkinabe authorities have named the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS), which has carried out hundreds of terror strikes in recent years.
◆The security situation in Burkina Faso, which saw its first major Islamist terrorist attack in 2015, has deteriorated steadily, especially along the borders with Niger and Mali.
▪️Counter-insurgency operations
●Four main terror outfits operate in the region - the ISGS, the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP), the Jama’at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, the local al-Qaeda branch in Mali, and Boko Haram.
●Of these, the ISGS and Jama’at Nasr are reportedly in alliance to expand their influence in the BurkinaMali-Niger border region, where they shoot down anyone who does not declare their loyalty to the jihadists.
●Boko Haram and the ISWAP are fighting each other but control territories in northeastern Nigeria.
▪️About Sahel Region
◆The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic realm of transition in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the Sudanian savanna to the south.
◆It stretches across the south-central latitudes of Northern Africa between the Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea.
◆The Sahel part of Africa includes from west to east parts of northern Senegal, southern Mauritania, central Mali, northern Burkina Faso, the extreme south of Algeria, Niger, the extreme north of Nigeria, the extreme north of Cameroon and Central African Republic, central Chad, central and southern Sudan, the extreme north of South Sudan, Eritrea and the extreme north of Ethiopia.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Current_Affairs_Weekly_Q&A_PDF_June_2021_1st_Week_by_AffairsCloud.pdf
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#Weekly_Current_Affairs
June first week Detailed CA and Important Q&A (by Affairscloud Paid pdf)
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
June first week Detailed CA and Important Q&A (by Affairscloud Paid pdf)
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
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#Know_Your_Army
JAT REGIMENT
▪️Motto: “Sangathan va veerta” (Unity and Valour)
▪️War Cry: “Jat balwan, jai bhagwan” (The Jat is strong, victory to God)
▪️Regimental Centre: Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
▪️Regimental Insignia: The Roman numeral nine representing its ninth position in the regimental hierarchy of the Indian Army of the 1920s. The insignia also has a bugle indicating the Light Infantry antecedents of two of its battalions.
▪️Active From: 1795
▪️Theatre Honours: Jammu & Kashmir - 1947-48, Punjab - 1965, Jammu & Kashmir - 1971 and East Pakistan - 1971.
▪️Battle Honours: Zoji La, Rajauri, Ladakh, Phillora and Dograi.
▪️Honours & Awards: 8 Maha Vir Chakras, 5 Kirti Chakras, 1 Uttam Yudh Seva Medal, 34 Vir Chakras and 12 Shaurya Chakras.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
JAT REGIMENT
▪️Motto: “Sangathan va veerta” (Unity and Valour)
▪️War Cry: “Jat balwan, jai bhagwan” (The Jat is strong, victory to God)
▪️Regimental Centre: Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
▪️Regimental Insignia: The Roman numeral nine representing its ninth position in the regimental hierarchy of the Indian Army of the 1920s. The insignia also has a bugle indicating the Light Infantry antecedents of two of its battalions.
▪️Active From: 1795
▪️Theatre Honours: Jammu & Kashmir - 1947-48, Punjab - 1965, Jammu & Kashmir - 1971 and East Pakistan - 1971.
▪️Battle Honours: Zoji La, Rajauri, Ladakh, Phillora and Dograi.
▪️Honours & Awards: 8 Maha Vir Chakras, 5 Kirti Chakras, 1 Uttam Yudh Seva Medal, 34 Vir Chakras and 12 Shaurya Chakras.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_Army
JAT Regiment
◆The Jat Regiment is part of the infantry of the Indian Army, of which it is one of the longest-serving and most-decorated regiments.
◆The regiment has won 19 battle honours between 1839 and 1947, and post-independence it has won five battle honours, eight Mahavir Chakra, eight Kirti Chakra, 32 Shaurya Chakras, 39 Vir Chakras and 170 Sena Medals.
◆During its 200-year service history, the regiment has participated in various actions and operations in India and abroad, including the First and the Second World Wars.
◆The Jat Regiment claims its origins from the Calcutta Native Militia raised in 1795, which later became an infantry battalion of the Bengal Army.
◆After 1860, there was a substantial increase in the recruitment of Jats in the Indian Army, however the Class Regiment, The Jats, was initially created as infantry units in 1897 from old battalions of the Bengal Army.
◆In January 1922, at the time of the grouping of the Class Regiments of the Indian Army, the IX Jat Regiment was formed by bringing under a single regiment, four active and one training battalion.
◆The Jats are known in Indian history for their skill with weapons and in combat. They had formed part of almost all successful armies of Indian feudal states.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
JAT Regiment
◆The Jat Regiment is part of the infantry of the Indian Army, of which it is one of the longest-serving and most-decorated regiments.
◆The regiment has won 19 battle honours between 1839 and 1947, and post-independence it has won five battle honours, eight Mahavir Chakra, eight Kirti Chakra, 32 Shaurya Chakras, 39 Vir Chakras and 170 Sena Medals.
◆During its 200-year service history, the regiment has participated in various actions and operations in India and abroad, including the First and the Second World Wars.
◆The Jat Regiment claims its origins from the Calcutta Native Militia raised in 1795, which later became an infantry battalion of the Bengal Army.
◆After 1860, there was a substantial increase in the recruitment of Jats in the Indian Army, however the Class Regiment, The Jats, was initially created as infantry units in 1897 from old battalions of the Bengal Army.
◆In January 1922, at the time of the grouping of the Class Regiments of the Indian Army, the IX Jat Regiment was formed by bringing under a single regiment, four active and one training battalion.
◆The Jats are known in Indian history for their skill with weapons and in combat. They had formed part of almost all successful armies of Indian feudal states.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_Army
PARACHUTE REGIMENT
▪️War Cry: “Balidan Param Dharma” (Sacrifice Before Duty)
▪️Active From: 1945
◾️Regimental Centre: Bangalore with the training establishment at Agra. Recruit training is imparted at Bangalore whereas Para training is imparted at Agra.
▪️Regimental Insignia: An open parachute with wings spread out and a dagger placed upright, between the wings. The other badge, shown on the right, is used by the four Parachute (Special Forces) Battalions.
▪️Motto: Shatrujeet (The Conqueror).
▪️Theatre Honours: Sindh - 1971, Jammu & Kashmir - 1971 and East Pakistan - 1971.
▪️Battle Honours: Shelatang, Naushera, Punch, Jhanger, Hajipir, Poongli Bridge and Chachro.
▪️Honours & Awards: 2 Ashok Chakras, 10 Maha Vir Chakras, 6 Kirti Chakras, 2 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, 3 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 47 Vir Chakras, 22 Shaurya Chakras, 98 Sena Medals, 3 Bar to Sena Medals, 11 Yudh Seva Medals and 8 Vishisht Seva Medals.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
PARACHUTE REGIMENT
▪️War Cry: “Balidan Param Dharma” (Sacrifice Before Duty)
▪️Active From: 1945
◾️Regimental Centre: Bangalore with the training establishment at Agra. Recruit training is imparted at Bangalore whereas Para training is imparted at Agra.
▪️Regimental Insignia: An open parachute with wings spread out and a dagger placed upright, between the wings. The other badge, shown on the right, is used by the four Parachute (Special Forces) Battalions.
▪️Motto: Shatrujeet (The Conqueror).
▪️Theatre Honours: Sindh - 1971, Jammu & Kashmir - 1971 and East Pakistan - 1971.
▪️Battle Honours: Shelatang, Naushera, Punch, Jhanger, Hajipir, Poongli Bridge and Chachro.
▪️Honours & Awards: 2 Ashok Chakras, 10 Maha Vir Chakras, 6 Kirti Chakras, 2 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, 3 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 47 Vir Chakras, 22 Shaurya Chakras, 98 Sena Medals, 3 Bar to Sena Medals, 11 Yudh Seva Medals and 8 Vishisht Seva Medals.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_Army
PARACHUTE REGIMENT
◆The Parachute Regiment is an airborne forces and special forces regiment of the Indian Army. Various participations include the World War 2, Indian independence, Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, 60 Parachute Field Ambulance and the Korean War, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Operation Pawan, Operation Cactus, Counter insurgency operations, Kargil War and various United Nations operations.
◆Recently, two more airborne battalions were raised by transfer from other regiments. In 2013, the 23rd battalion, Rajputana Rifles was transferred to the Parachute Regiment and redesignated as the 23rd battalion, Parachute Regiment. In 2014, the 29th battalion, Rajput Regiment was transferred to the Parachute Regiment and redesignated as the 29th battalion, Parachute Regiment.
◆The regiment has a total of fourteen regular, one Rashtriya Rifles and two Territorial Army battalions. Of the regular battalions, five are airborne infantry battalions, while nine are special forces battalions. Formerly designated “Commando” units, they are now designated “Special Forces”.
◆Numerous soldiers of the regiment have been awarded honours for bravery in operations. These include 7 Ashoka Chakras, 11 Maha Vir Chakras, 13 Kirti Chakras, 7 Param Vishisht Seva Medals, 6 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, 13 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 61 Vir Chakras, 53 Shaurya Chakras, 10 Yudh Seva Medals, 28 Vishisht Seva Medals, 246 Sena Medals, 5 Bar to SM, 265 Mentioned in Dispatches.
◆As recognition of it's distinguished service, the regiment was presented its new colours by the President on 06 October 1967. The regiment's first post-independence battle was when 2 Para was dropped near Tangail in Bangladesh on 11 December 1971 and was also the first unit of the Indian Army to enter Dacca.
◆The 9 and 10 Para Commandos proved their mettle in 1971 by conducting lighting raids in Mandhol (across Munawar Tawi) and in Chachro (Sind) respectively. The regiment took active part in Operation Vijay (Liberation of Goa) in 1961 and in Operation Pawan (Sri Lanka) with nearly 80% of the Regiment deployed in the Island in 1987-89.
◆The 3 Para and 6 Para conducted operations in aid of the Government of Maldives in 1988 under Operation Cactus.
◆The Parachute Regiment have, in addition to their participation in other countries, formed part of the United Nation Operations in Gaza and Korea.
◆Today, the regiment is perhaps the only one in the Indian Army to have taken part in every theatre and every operation in and outside the country. All bandsmen of the regiment are parachute-trained as well.
◆The Para Commando battalions of the Regiment have been re-designated as Parachute (Special Forces) battalions. On 01 February 1996, the 21 Maratha Light Infantry joined the Regiment designated as 21 Parachute (Special Forces) and was raised by Colonel V.B. Shinde.
◆In 2001, the 2 Para was re-designated as the 2 Para (SF) which makes it the fifth Para Commando battalion in the Indian Army. The second recipient of the Ashoka Chakra is Paratrooper Sanjog Chhetri of 9 Para. The first recipient of the Ashoka Chakra is not known.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
PARACHUTE REGIMENT
◆The Parachute Regiment is an airborne forces and special forces regiment of the Indian Army. Various participations include the World War 2, Indian independence, Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, 60 Parachute Field Ambulance and the Korean War, Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Operation Pawan, Operation Cactus, Counter insurgency operations, Kargil War and various United Nations operations.
◆Recently, two more airborne battalions were raised by transfer from other regiments. In 2013, the 23rd battalion, Rajputana Rifles was transferred to the Parachute Regiment and redesignated as the 23rd battalion, Parachute Regiment. In 2014, the 29th battalion, Rajput Regiment was transferred to the Parachute Regiment and redesignated as the 29th battalion, Parachute Regiment.
◆The regiment has a total of fourteen regular, one Rashtriya Rifles and two Territorial Army battalions. Of the regular battalions, five are airborne infantry battalions, while nine are special forces battalions. Formerly designated “Commando” units, they are now designated “Special Forces”.
◆Numerous soldiers of the regiment have been awarded honours for bravery in operations. These include 7 Ashoka Chakras, 11 Maha Vir Chakras, 13 Kirti Chakras, 7 Param Vishisht Seva Medals, 6 Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, 13 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 61 Vir Chakras, 53 Shaurya Chakras, 10 Yudh Seva Medals, 28 Vishisht Seva Medals, 246 Sena Medals, 5 Bar to SM, 265 Mentioned in Dispatches.
◆As recognition of it's distinguished service, the regiment was presented its new colours by the President on 06 October 1967. The regiment's first post-independence battle was when 2 Para was dropped near Tangail in Bangladesh on 11 December 1971 and was also the first unit of the Indian Army to enter Dacca.
◆The 9 and 10 Para Commandos proved their mettle in 1971 by conducting lighting raids in Mandhol (across Munawar Tawi) and in Chachro (Sind) respectively. The regiment took active part in Operation Vijay (Liberation of Goa) in 1961 and in Operation Pawan (Sri Lanka) with nearly 80% of the Regiment deployed in the Island in 1987-89.
◆The 3 Para and 6 Para conducted operations in aid of the Government of Maldives in 1988 under Operation Cactus.
◆The Parachute Regiment have, in addition to their participation in other countries, formed part of the United Nation Operations in Gaza and Korea.
◆Today, the regiment is perhaps the only one in the Indian Army to have taken part in every theatre and every operation in and outside the country. All bandsmen of the regiment are parachute-trained as well.
◆The Para Commando battalions of the Regiment have been re-designated as Parachute (Special Forces) battalions. On 01 February 1996, the 21 Maratha Light Infantry joined the Regiment designated as 21 Parachute (Special Forces) and was raised by Colonel V.B. Shinde.
◆In 2001, the 2 Para was re-designated as the 2 Para (SF) which makes it the fifth Para Commando battalion in the Indian Army. The second recipient of the Ashoka Chakra is Paratrooper Sanjog Chhetri of 9 Para. The first recipient of the Ashoka Chakra is not known.
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Recently, Kandh Tribes of in Odisha’s Rayagada district fled the village after locking up their houses to avoid taking the COVID-19 vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy.Last month, the Rayagada district administration had to sit with the Dongria Kondhs, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), for days to make them agree to vaccination.
Discuss: In your Opinion what is the reason behind this vaccine hesitation among them ?
SUB POINTS :-
1. Misinformation and lack of knowledge
2. Religious and fake propaganda by politicians
3. Fear of Vaccine derived diseases
4. Social Media
TRY TO GIVE YOUR POINT OF VIEW ON EACH POINT. TO UTILISE YOUR OWN TIME IN A GAINFUL MANNER JUST PARTICIPATION SHOULD NOT BE THE PRIMARY GOAL GENTLEMEN.
Join the discussion :- @ssbgeneraldiscussion
"PLEASE" READ EACH WORD PROPERLYRecently, Kandh Tribes of in Odisha’s Rayagada district fled the village after locking up their houses to avoid taking the COVID-19 vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy.Last month, the Rayagada district administration had to sit with the Dongria Kondhs, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), for days to make them agree to vaccination.
Discuss: In your Opinion what is the reason behind this vaccine hesitation among them ?
SUB POINTS :-
1. Misinformation and lack of knowledge
2. Religious and fake propaganda by politicians
3. Fear of Vaccine derived diseases
4. Social Media
TRY TO GIVE YOUR POINT OF VIEW ON EACH POINT. TO UTILISE YOUR OWN TIME IN A GAINFUL MANNER JUST PARTICIPATION SHOULD NOT BE THE PRIMARY GOAL GENTLEMEN.
Join the discussion :- @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#GD_Material
Vaccine Hesitancy {1/2}
✔️Why in the news-Recently, Kandh Tribes of in Odisha’s Rayagada district fled the village after locking up their houses to avoid taking the COVID-19 vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy.
◆Hesitancy has been a major issue for district administrations across the State.
◆Last month, the Rayagada district administration had to sit with the Dongria Kondhs, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), for days to make them agree to vaccination.
◆Close to 1,000 Dongria Kondhs have so far been administered the vaccine.
◆Similarly, it was difficult to convince Chuktia Bhunjia, another PVTG residing in the Sunabeda plateau of Nuapada district, on vaccination.
◆The tribesmen said they feared they would die soon after getting the jab.
▪️About Vaccine hesitancy
●WHO defines Vaccine hesitancy as a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite the availability of vaccination services.
●Vaccine hesitancy has been reported in more than 90% of countries in the world.
✔️Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy
〰️Misinformation
The main issue with Vaccine hesitancy is misinformation.
〰️Religious propaganda
Religious propaganda that the vaccine may contain microbes, chemicals and animal-derived products which is forbidden by religious laws.
〰️Social media
•Social media is used in stirring fear in people by falsely blaming vaccines for unrelated diseases are the bedrock of the Vaccine hesitancy all across the globe.
•For example, recently some sections in India are refraining from the polio vaccine. This is due to the misconception that the polio vaccine caused illness, infertility and was ineffective.
〰️Vaccine-derived diseases
•Oral Polio Vaccines (OPV) contains weakened but live poliovirus.
•This virus from the vaccine is excreted by immunized children which can move from one person to another.
•This allows the virus to stick around and mutate to a more virulent form, raising the threat of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV).
•Inconvenience in accessing vaccines is also the leading cause of Vaccine hesitancy.
▪️Concern
●Tackling vaccine hesitancy is not only important for achieving universal vaccination but also to uphold human rights and medical ethics during the vaccination drive.
✔️Not New for India
◆The incidents of vaccine hesitancy leading to confrontations with health authorities are not new in India.
◆India intensified its efforts in 1973 to fight small pox through vaccination.
◆Several drastic measures were used to contain the disease.
◆Back in 1880, the British Government of India passed the Vaccination Act, followed by the Compulsory Vaccination Act in 1892, to combat the Smallpox epidemic.
◆Non-vaccination without sufficient cause resulted in jail time.
◆The last of these laws was repealed as late as 2001.
❗️Section 2 of the Epidemic Diseases Act of 1897
◆It confers state governments with wide ranging executive authority to “take, or require or empower any person to take, such measurers and… prescribe such temporary regulations to be observed by the public or by any person or class of persons as it shall deem necessary to prevent the outbreak of such disease or the spread thereof”.
❗️The National Disaster Management Act of 2005
●It gives the national government similar draconian command. In the end, the Union is more likely to leave such policy decisions to the states.
●While public health is a Directive Principle of State Policy (Article 47), “Public Health and Sanitation” features in the State List (Item 6).
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Vaccine Hesitancy {1/2}
✔️Why in the news-Recently, Kandh Tribes of in Odisha’s Rayagada district fled the village after locking up their houses to avoid taking the COVID-19 vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy.
◆Hesitancy has been a major issue for district administrations across the State.
◆Last month, the Rayagada district administration had to sit with the Dongria Kondhs, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), for days to make them agree to vaccination.
◆Close to 1,000 Dongria Kondhs have so far been administered the vaccine.
◆Similarly, it was difficult to convince Chuktia Bhunjia, another PVTG residing in the Sunabeda plateau of Nuapada district, on vaccination.
◆The tribesmen said they feared they would die soon after getting the jab.
▪️About Vaccine hesitancy
●WHO defines Vaccine hesitancy as a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite the availability of vaccination services.
●Vaccine hesitancy has been reported in more than 90% of countries in the world.
✔️Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy
〰️Misinformation
The main issue with Vaccine hesitancy is misinformation.
〰️Religious propaganda
Religious propaganda that the vaccine may contain microbes, chemicals and animal-derived products which is forbidden by religious laws.
〰️Social media
•Social media is used in stirring fear in people by falsely blaming vaccines for unrelated diseases are the bedrock of the Vaccine hesitancy all across the globe.
•For example, recently some sections in India are refraining from the polio vaccine. This is due to the misconception that the polio vaccine caused illness, infertility and was ineffective.
〰️Vaccine-derived diseases
•Oral Polio Vaccines (OPV) contains weakened but live poliovirus.
•This virus from the vaccine is excreted by immunized children which can move from one person to another.
•This allows the virus to stick around and mutate to a more virulent form, raising the threat of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV).
•Inconvenience in accessing vaccines is also the leading cause of Vaccine hesitancy.
▪️Concern
●Tackling vaccine hesitancy is not only important for achieving universal vaccination but also to uphold human rights and medical ethics during the vaccination drive.
✔️Not New for India
◆The incidents of vaccine hesitancy leading to confrontations with health authorities are not new in India.
◆India intensified its efforts in 1973 to fight small pox through vaccination.
◆Several drastic measures were used to contain the disease.
◆Back in 1880, the British Government of India passed the Vaccination Act, followed by the Compulsory Vaccination Act in 1892, to combat the Smallpox epidemic.
◆Non-vaccination without sufficient cause resulted in jail time.
◆The last of these laws was repealed as late as 2001.
❗️Section 2 of the Epidemic Diseases Act of 1897
◆It confers state governments with wide ranging executive authority to “take, or require or empower any person to take, such measurers and… prescribe such temporary regulations to be observed by the public or by any person or class of persons as it shall deem necessary to prevent the outbreak of such disease or the spread thereof”.
❗️The National Disaster Management Act of 2005
●It gives the national government similar draconian command. In the end, the Union is more likely to leave such policy decisions to the states.
●While public health is a Directive Principle of State Policy (Article 47), “Public Health and Sanitation” features in the State List (Item 6).
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#GD_Material
Vaccine Hesitancy {2/2}
❗️Legal Ground to resist Mandatory Vaccination
◆Citizens have at least two legal grounds to resist any attempts at mandatory vaccination.
✔️✔️First, every individual has a right to life.This extends to the right to refuse medical treatment.
❗️In Aruna Shanbaug v Union of India, the Indian Supreme Court made a clear distinction between 'active' and 'passive' euthanasia.
◆While an individual may not actively end his life, he may refuse medical treatment that has the same result.
✔️✔️Second, individuals may claim religious grounds.
◆This argument is far weaker. Although the Constitution protects essential religious practices, such rights are “subject to public order, morality and health” (Article 25).
▪️Steps should be taken by the Government
◆As a first step, the government needs to create a platform which enables collaborative learning of district administration and health workers.
◆This can include how Maharashtra’s Nandurbar district administration is using mobile teams to tackle vaccine hesitancy or how in rural Chhattisgarh folk songs are being used to spread the right information on vaccination.
◆Second, groups and geographies with the highest vaccine hesitancy need to be identified and targeted communication interventions need to be created to address their concerns.
◆Third, misinformation around vaccines even at the international level is creating havoc in rural areas as the false post attributed to a Nobel laureate showed us last week.
◆The National Media Rapid Response Cell (NMRRC) set up under the Covid-19 vaccine communication strategy needs to alert district collectors across India about vaccine fake news in real time.
◆Fourth, Governments need to rope in celebrities, community leaders and mass influencers to generate credible voices for vaccination, just like
◆
◆Finally, a comprehensive review and evaluation of the Government of India’s Covid-19 vaccine communication strategy needs to be conducted considering the fast pace of infection and the ever-changing scenarios in vaccine hesitancy.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Vaccine Hesitancy {2/2}
❗️Legal Ground to resist Mandatory Vaccination
◆Citizens have at least two legal grounds to resist any attempts at mandatory vaccination.
✔️✔️First, every individual has a right to life.This extends to the right to refuse medical treatment.
❗️In Aruna Shanbaug v Union of India, the Indian Supreme Court made a clear distinction between 'active' and 'passive' euthanasia.
◆While an individual may not actively end his life, he may refuse medical treatment that has the same result.
✔️✔️Second, individuals may claim religious grounds.
◆This argument is far weaker. Although the Constitution protects essential religious practices, such rights are “subject to public order, morality and health” (Article 25).
▪️Steps should be taken by the Government
◆As a first step, the government needs to create a platform which enables collaborative learning of district administration and health workers.
◆This can include how Maharashtra’s Nandurbar district administration is using mobile teams to tackle vaccine hesitancy or how in rural Chhattisgarh folk songs are being used to spread the right information on vaccination.
◆Second, groups and geographies with the highest vaccine hesitancy need to be identified and targeted communication interventions need to be created to address their concerns.
◆Third, misinformation around vaccines even at the international level is creating havoc in rural areas as the false post attributed to a Nobel laureate showed us last week.
◆The National Media Rapid Response Cell (NMRRC) set up under the Covid-19 vaccine communication strategy needs to alert district collectors across India about vaccine fake news in real time.
◆Fourth, Governments need to rope in celebrities, community leaders and mass influencers to generate credible voices for vaccination, just like
For example: Amitabh Bachchan did for the Pulse Polio campaign.◆
So far only the state of Punjab has appointed official ambassador Sonu Sood for vaccination.◆Finally, a comprehensive review and evaluation of the Government of India’s Covid-19 vaccine communication strategy needs to be conducted considering the fast pace of infection and the ever-changing scenarios in vaccine hesitancy.
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1.Combat
2.Academy
3.Ceremony
4.Harbour
5.Country
6.Pearls
7.String
8.Write
9.Climb
10.Stand
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion