#Know_Your_AirForce #Defence_News
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{3/6}
✔️OP Mobilisation in Leh Sector
7.Rapid Op Mobilisation (Northern Sector) During Mid-2020.The heavy airlift assets of the Tpt Fleet of IAF proved their mettle by mobilising huge quantum of war waging machinery along with battle ready troops in the Northern Sector in quick time frames, thereby altering the dynamics of the force posturing.
✔️HADR
8.HADR Missions (International). The international air effort towards Covid task comprises the following:
(a)Goodwill Flight to Wuhan, China.C-17 employed to airlift 15 Tons of medical supplies to China and to evacuate 112 Indian and foreign nationals to India on 26 and 27 Feb 20.
(b) Immediate Evacuation of Indians from Iran. C-17 employed to evacuate 58 Indians from Tehran on 10 Mar 20.
(c) Airlift of Medical Equipment /Supplies to Male. 6.2 Tons of Load airlifted to Male on 02 Apr 20.
(d) Evacuation of COVID-19 +VE DRDO Personnel from Kyrgyzstan. 49 DRDO personnel (including 25 COVID-19 Positive Personnel) were airlifted from Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan to Vishakhapatanam, India on 04 Nov 2020.
(e) Medical Support to Kuwait. 15 Medical personnel along with 1.8 Tons of load comprising COVID Testing Machines and associated Computers was airlifted to Kuwait on 11 Apr 20.
(f) C-17 Trip to Congo / South Sudan. One C-17 was employed to airlift 18.6 Tons of COVID-19 stores and Indian Army load from Hindan to Goma (Congo) and Juba (South Sudan) on 18 July 20 and to get passengers back to India. The Aircraft operated non-stop to cover a total distance of 7,100 Km. 62 passengers including 18 Indian nationals & 02 Mortal Remains were bought back from Goma and Juba respectively.
(g) Mission to Beirut, Lebanon. One C-17 airlifted 57 Tons of relief material including medicines, food grains, blankets, PPEs, gloves and masks to Beirut on 14 Aug 20.
(h) Mission to Mauritius. On 16 Aug 20, one C-17 airlifted 35 Tons of humanitarian aid & pollution response material from Sulur to Mauritius along with 10 personnel of Indian Coast Guard.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{3/6}
✔️OP Mobilisation in Leh Sector
7.Rapid Op Mobilisation (Northern Sector) During Mid-2020.The heavy airlift assets of the Tpt Fleet of IAF proved their mettle by mobilising huge quantum of war waging machinery along with battle ready troops in the Northern Sector in quick time frames, thereby altering the dynamics of the force posturing.
✔️HADR
8.HADR Missions (International). The international air effort towards Covid task comprises the following:
(a)Goodwill Flight to Wuhan, China.C-17 employed to airlift 15 Tons of medical supplies to China and to evacuate 112 Indian and foreign nationals to India on 26 and 27 Feb 20.
(b) Immediate Evacuation of Indians from Iran. C-17 employed to evacuate 58 Indians from Tehran on 10 Mar 20.
(c) Airlift of Medical Equipment /Supplies to Male. 6.2 Tons of Load airlifted to Male on 02 Apr 20.
(d) Evacuation of COVID-19 +VE DRDO Personnel from Kyrgyzstan. 49 DRDO personnel (including 25 COVID-19 Positive Personnel) were airlifted from Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan to Vishakhapatanam, India on 04 Nov 2020.
(e) Medical Support to Kuwait. 15 Medical personnel along with 1.8 Tons of load comprising COVID Testing Machines and associated Computers was airlifted to Kuwait on 11 Apr 20.
(f) C-17 Trip to Congo / South Sudan. One C-17 was employed to airlift 18.6 Tons of COVID-19 stores and Indian Army load from Hindan to Goma (Congo) and Juba (South Sudan) on 18 July 20 and to get passengers back to India. The Aircraft operated non-stop to cover a total distance of 7,100 Km. 62 passengers including 18 Indian nationals & 02 Mortal Remains were bought back from Goma and Juba respectively.
(g) Mission to Beirut, Lebanon. One C-17 airlifted 57 Tons of relief material including medicines, food grains, blankets, PPEs, gloves and masks to Beirut on 14 Aug 20.
(h) Mission to Mauritius. On 16 Aug 20, one C-17 airlifted 35 Tons of humanitarian aid & pollution response material from Sulur to Mauritius along with 10 personnel of Indian Coast Guard.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_AirForce #Defence_News
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{4/6}
9. HADR Missions (Domestic). Air effort towards various natural calamities during the year are given as under:-
(a) Vizag Gas Leak. After the gas leak from a chemical plant in Vizag,8.3 Tons of chemical load was airlifted from Mundra to Vizag on 09 and 10 May 20 to provide relief. Inaddition, 04 NDRF and 05 National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Scientists were airlifted. 23 sorties and 40 hrs were flown.
(b) Cyclone ‘AMPHAN’. 2 x C-130 were employed to airlift two NDRF teams each from Pune to Kolkata and from Arakonam to Kolkata respectively, towards Cyclone Relief Ops. Total 91 personnel and 8.6 T of load was airlifted on 21 May 20.
(c) Cyclone ‘NISARGA’. One IL-76 was tasked on 02 Jun 20 from Bhatinda to Suratgarh to airlift 10.8 Tons load and 122 Pax of 07 NDRF. One IL-76was tasked on 02 Jun 20 from Vijaywada to Mumbai to airlift 6.9Tons load and
108 Pax of 10 NDRF.
(d) Flood Relief Ops. Heptrs were extensively deployed for flood relief ops during 2020 in the states of Bihar, Telengana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, J&K and Maharashtra. 144 sorties were flown and 338 Pax and
76.95Tons of load were airlifted.
(e) Evacuation of Stranded Trekkers from Chadar Trek.A request was received from UT of Ladakh for evacuation of 80-100 trekkers (including
02 French and 07 Chinese nationals) stranded in Zanskar valley. IAF launched two ALH Helicopters for the rescue mission and 107 trekkers were evacuated safely to Leh. 28 sorties were flown from 14 to 16 Jan 20 for the rescue mission.
10.Locust Spray by IAF Helicopters. Ministry of Agriculture had requested for helicopters to be employed for spraying purposes to control spread of locusts. IAF carried out modification of two Helicopters in quick time for the task, which were then used aerial spraying in Rajasthan and Gujarat states.
11. Efficient Use of Indian Airspace. Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) have jointly formed a mechanism for efficient use of Indian Airspace. To achieve this, the National Airspace Management Cell (NAMC) was made operational from 30 Jul 20 and the Regional Airspace Management Cell (RAMC), Chennai from
02 Dec 20. It is jointly manned by officers from IAF and AAI.
12.Joint Use of Defence Airfield under RCS Udan Scheme. IAF has been actively interacting with MoCA/ AAI for sharing its airports and airspace for supporting the increased demands of civil aviation. Accordingly, seven more defence airfields have been opened for joint useto accommodate civil scheduled flights as part of RCS UDAN Scheme in last one year. Scheduled flight operations have commenced from Darbhanga airfield from 08 Nov 20. 39 IAF bases & 7 ALGs have been made available for joint user operations.
13. Disposal of NOC Cases for Wind Turbine Generators. In order to ease and expedite the process of installation of Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) towards achieving the renewable energy generation target of Govt of India, IAF has identified and demarcated areas in Gujarat and Rajasthan sector where WTGs can be installed without having to apply for NOC. 1654 WTG locations have been recommended around the country during the period of 01 Jan 20 to 15 Dec 20, despite Covid-19 restrictions.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{4/6}
9. HADR Missions (Domestic). Air effort towards various natural calamities during the year are given as under:-
(a) Vizag Gas Leak. After the gas leak from a chemical plant in Vizag,8.3 Tons of chemical load was airlifted from Mundra to Vizag on 09 and 10 May 20 to provide relief. Inaddition, 04 NDRF and 05 National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Scientists were airlifted. 23 sorties and 40 hrs were flown.
(b) Cyclone ‘AMPHAN’. 2 x C-130 were employed to airlift two NDRF teams each from Pune to Kolkata and from Arakonam to Kolkata respectively, towards Cyclone Relief Ops. Total 91 personnel and 8.6 T of load was airlifted on 21 May 20.
(c) Cyclone ‘NISARGA’. One IL-76 was tasked on 02 Jun 20 from Bhatinda to Suratgarh to airlift 10.8 Tons load and 122 Pax of 07 NDRF. One IL-76was tasked on 02 Jun 20 from Vijaywada to Mumbai to airlift 6.9Tons load and
108 Pax of 10 NDRF.
(d) Flood Relief Ops. Heptrs were extensively deployed for flood relief ops during 2020 in the states of Bihar, Telengana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, J&K and Maharashtra. 144 sorties were flown and 338 Pax and
76.95Tons of load were airlifted.
(e) Evacuation of Stranded Trekkers from Chadar Trek.A request was received from UT of Ladakh for evacuation of 80-100 trekkers (including
02 French and 07 Chinese nationals) stranded in Zanskar valley. IAF launched two ALH Helicopters for the rescue mission and 107 trekkers were evacuated safely to Leh. 28 sorties were flown from 14 to 16 Jan 20 for the rescue mission.
10.Locust Spray by IAF Helicopters. Ministry of Agriculture had requested for helicopters to be employed for spraying purposes to control spread of locusts. IAF carried out modification of two Helicopters in quick time for the task, which were then used aerial spraying in Rajasthan and Gujarat states.
11. Efficient Use of Indian Airspace. Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) have jointly formed a mechanism for efficient use of Indian Airspace. To achieve this, the National Airspace Management Cell (NAMC) was made operational from 30 Jul 20 and the Regional Airspace Management Cell (RAMC), Chennai from
02 Dec 20. It is jointly manned by officers from IAF and AAI.
12.Joint Use of Defence Airfield under RCS Udan Scheme. IAF has been actively interacting with MoCA/ AAI for sharing its airports and airspace for supporting the increased demands of civil aviation. Accordingly, seven more defence airfields have been opened for joint useto accommodate civil scheduled flights as part of RCS UDAN Scheme in last one year. Scheduled flight operations have commenced from Darbhanga airfield from 08 Nov 20. 39 IAF bases & 7 ALGs have been made available for joint user operations.
13. Disposal of NOC Cases for Wind Turbine Generators. In order to ease and expedite the process of installation of Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) towards achieving the renewable energy generation target of Govt of India, IAF has identified and demarcated areas in Gujarat and Rajasthan sector where WTGs can be installed without having to apply for NOC. 1654 WTG locations have been recommended around the country during the period of 01 Jan 20 to 15 Dec 20, despite Covid-19 restrictions.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_AirForce #Defence_News
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{5/6}
14.Implementation of e-Goverance (e-Office) in IAF. IAF e-Governance (e-Office) System has been launched in Dec 20 for all Officers in the IAF. The implementation of the initiative, undertaken as part of digital and e-governance policies, of the Government of India will see over 800 Indian Air Force units across the country transit to ‘paperless office working’ in the coming year.
●Launch of e-Governance (e-Office) in IAF marks a paradigm shift from current method of manual handling of files and documents to a digital one. The system aims to achieve enhanced transparency, improved efficiency, increased accountability, assured data integrity & security along with a drastic reduction in the use of paper and will result in optimization of time & human resources.
15.Project e-Maintenance Management System (e-MMS). Indian Air Force has taken a giant step in automation of Maintenance Management through implementation of e-Maintenance Management System (e-MMS) which is one of the largest Maintain Repair Overhaul (MRO) solutions implemented in the world.
●e-MMS project is a testimony to success of Public-Private partnership and Digital India concept spearheaded by Ministry of Defence and IAF. Total value of the contract is Rs. 637.77 Cr which includes implementation across 170 locations of the IAF as well as operationalization of one Data Centre (DC) and one Disaster Recovery (DR) Centre.
●Contract for project e-MMS signed between Ministry of Defence and M/s Wipro Ltd concluded on 31 Dec 19. Project is presently in Adaption Phase from 01 Jan 2020 with all maintenance undertaken digitally on e-MMS.
◆Operational benefits to IAF with the introduction of e-MMS are:
(a) Digitisation of publications of approximately 50 fleets and equipment amounting to over 29 Lakh pages, this has benefited in document traceability.
(b)Computerised monitoring of aircraft components of around 40 lakh plus items and other system components of around 30 lakh plus items for their servicing dues towards ensuring timely servicing.
(c) Enhanced productivity with real-time visibility of asset status like aircraft serviceability across all levels of IAF resulting in optimum planning and aid in decision making.
(d) Centralised digital enforcement of maintenance policies and service schedule, thereby reducing time taken for information reaching field personnel as well as ensuring security of data access.
(e) All Modern and upcoming inductions like Rafale are brought into e-MMS gambit. IAF having its own eMMS has overcome need to take these additional systems saving money to exchequer.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{5/6}
14.Implementation of e-Goverance (e-Office) in IAF. IAF e-Governance (e-Office) System has been launched in Dec 20 for all Officers in the IAF. The implementation of the initiative, undertaken as part of digital and e-governance policies, of the Government of India will see over 800 Indian Air Force units across the country transit to ‘paperless office working’ in the coming year.
●Launch of e-Governance (e-Office) in IAF marks a paradigm shift from current method of manual handling of files and documents to a digital one. The system aims to achieve enhanced transparency, improved efficiency, increased accountability, assured data integrity & security along with a drastic reduction in the use of paper and will result in optimization of time & human resources.
15.Project e-Maintenance Management System (e-MMS). Indian Air Force has taken a giant step in automation of Maintenance Management through implementation of e-Maintenance Management System (e-MMS) which is one of the largest Maintain Repair Overhaul (MRO) solutions implemented in the world.
●e-MMS project is a testimony to success of Public-Private partnership and Digital India concept spearheaded by Ministry of Defence and IAF. Total value of the contract is Rs. 637.77 Cr which includes implementation across 170 locations of the IAF as well as operationalization of one Data Centre (DC) and one Disaster Recovery (DR) Centre.
●Contract for project e-MMS signed between Ministry of Defence and M/s Wipro Ltd concluded on 31 Dec 19. Project is presently in Adaption Phase from 01 Jan 2020 with all maintenance undertaken digitally on e-MMS.
◆Operational benefits to IAF with the introduction of e-MMS are:
(a) Digitisation of publications of approximately 50 fleets and equipment amounting to over 29 Lakh pages, this has benefited in document traceability.
(b)Computerised monitoring of aircraft components of around 40 lakh plus items and other system components of around 30 lakh plus items for their servicing dues towards ensuring timely servicing.
(c) Enhanced productivity with real-time visibility of asset status like aircraft serviceability across all levels of IAF resulting in optimum planning and aid in decision making.
(d) Centralised digital enforcement of maintenance policies and service schedule, thereby reducing time taken for information reaching field personnel as well as ensuring security of data access.
(e) All Modern and upcoming inductions like Rafale are brought into e-MMS gambit. IAF having its own eMMS has overcome need to take these additional systems saving money to exchequer.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_AirForce #Defence_News
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{6/6}
✔️Fight Against COVID-19
16.Quarantine facilities.
(a) As per directions of GoI, quarantine facilities were created at various stations in IAF. These facilities would cater for GOI evacuees from overseas or within the country as and when needed. IAF has created ‘Facility based quarantine facilities’ at the various locations.
(b) The Quarantine facility at Hindon received 58 evacuees on 10 Mar 20 from
Iran who were brought by C-17 of IAF. They were quarantined for 14 days, however due to a positive case in the group the quarantine period was extended.
(c) The quarantine facility at Tambaram received 113 evacuees on 24 Mar 20 from Malaysia who were brought by Air India flight. There were quarantined for 14 days. Total 178 Evacuees from UAE were also received on 18 May 20 for 14 days of quarantine.
17. Medical Activities. IAF created quarantine facilities at nine locations across the country and converted five hospitals into dedicated/ mixed COVID-19 hospitals which were prepared and ready to receive civilian patients in addition to serving personnel and dependents.
●Remaining IAF hospitals/ Station Medicare Centres (SMCs) were also upgraded to receive and treat serving personnel and dependants with COVID-19.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
✈️INDIAN AIR FORCE IN 2020✈️{6/6}
✔️Fight Against COVID-19
16.Quarantine facilities.
(a) As per directions of GoI, quarantine facilities were created at various stations in IAF. These facilities would cater for GOI evacuees from overseas or within the country as and when needed. IAF has created ‘Facility based quarantine facilities’ at the various locations.
(b) The Quarantine facility at Hindon received 58 evacuees on 10 Mar 20 from
Iran who were brought by C-17 of IAF. They were quarantined for 14 days, however due to a positive case in the group the quarantine period was extended.
(c) The quarantine facility at Tambaram received 113 evacuees on 24 Mar 20 from Malaysia who were brought by Air India flight. There were quarantined for 14 days. Total 178 Evacuees from UAE were also received on 18 May 20 for 14 days of quarantine.
17. Medical Activities. IAF created quarantine facilities at nine locations across the country and converted five hospitals into dedicated/ mixed COVID-19 hospitals which were prepared and ready to receive civilian patients in addition to serving personnel and dependents.
●Remaining IAF hospitals/ Station Medicare Centres (SMCs) were also upgraded to receive and treat serving personnel and dependants with COVID-19.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Editorial_Analysis #GD_Material
Do not ignore the Women farmers
Context
●In India agriculture is related only to men farmers ignoring the women farmers.
●The gender gap in agriculture will further widen with the new farmers act passed.
Background
◆Women were the first who domesticated crop plants by gathering seed while men went out for hunting.
A Common misconception
◆According to the agricultural census, 73.2% of rural women are engaged in farming activities but only 8% own landholdings.
◆According to the India Human Development Survey reports 83% of agricultural land in the country is inherited by male members of the family and less than 2% by female members of the family.
◆Due to the cultural, social, and religious forces, women are denied ownership of land.
◆81% of women agricultural laborers belong to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes, becoming the largest contributor of casual and landless laborers.
◆Government has termed women Farmers as cultivators’ or ‘agricultural laborers’ but not ‘farmers’. Excluding them from all government schemes loans for cultivation, loan waivers, crop insurance, subsidies, compensation to their families in cases they commit suicide.
◆As per the Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) notes, women in addition to non-recognition also have unequal access to rights over land, water, and
◆There is gendered and unequal access to input, market, support systems such as storage facilities, transportation costs, cash for new investments or for paying off old dues or for other agricultural credit-related services.
The farm laws
●The recent law passed shall further increase the plight of women.
●First is the lack of any mention of MSP (minimum support price) that protects farmers from exploitation. It highlights how women are barely able to understand or negotiate (written) agreements with traders / corporate entities that shall enter into agreements with the farmers to purchase their produce.
●Farmers will have no bargaining power in the corporatizatisation of agriculture, where corporate will decide the price of products with no safety net or adequate redressal mechanism for the farmers.
●This would lead to small marginal and medium farmers selling their land to big agro-businesses and become wage laborers.
Conclusion
●Its high time government recognizes women as farmers and reduces the gender gap in agriculture profession which contributes to the largest share in employment.
●There is a need for comprehensive farmer policy to resolve the distress of farmers and improve the agricultural economy and government has to give a rethink on subsidies it provides as it is not causing value addition.
Source-
https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/dont-ignore-the-women-farmers/article33487392.ece
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Do not ignore the Women farmers
Context
●In India agriculture is related only to men farmers ignoring the women farmers.
●The gender gap in agriculture will further widen with the new farmers act passed.
Background
◆Women were the first who domesticated crop plants by gathering seed while men went out for hunting.
A Common misconception
◆According to the agricultural census, 73.2% of rural women are engaged in farming activities but only 8% own landholdings.
◆According to the India Human Development Survey reports 83% of agricultural land in the country is inherited by male members of the family and less than 2% by female members of the family.
◆Due to the cultural, social, and religious forces, women are denied ownership of land.
◆81% of women agricultural laborers belong to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes, becoming the largest contributor of casual and landless laborers.
◆Government has termed women Farmers as cultivators’ or ‘agricultural laborers’ but not ‘farmers’. Excluding them from all government schemes loans for cultivation, loan waivers, crop insurance, subsidies, compensation to their families in cases they commit suicide.
◆As per the Mahila Kisan Adhikaar Manch (MAKAAM) notes, women in addition to non-recognition also have unequal access to rights over land, water, and
◆There is gendered and unequal access to input, market, support systems such as storage facilities, transportation costs, cash for new investments or for paying off old dues or for other agricultural credit-related services.
The farm laws
●The recent law passed shall further increase the plight of women.
●First is the lack of any mention of MSP (minimum support price) that protects farmers from exploitation. It highlights how women are barely able to understand or negotiate (written) agreements with traders / corporate entities that shall enter into agreements with the farmers to purchase their produce.
●Farmers will have no bargaining power in the corporatizatisation of agriculture, where corporate will decide the price of products with no safety net or adequate redressal mechanism for the farmers.
●This would lead to small marginal and medium farmers selling their land to big agro-businesses and become wage laborers.
Conclusion
●Its high time government recognizes women as farmers and reduces the gender gap in agriculture profession which contributes to the largest share in employment.
●There is a need for comprehensive farmer policy to resolve the distress of farmers and improve the agricultural economy and government has to give a rethink on subsidies it provides as it is not causing value addition.
Source-
https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/dont-ignore-the-women-farmers/article33487392.ece
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
The Hindu
Don’t ignore the women farmers
The gender gap in the agriculture sector will only widen more with the current farm laws
#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN
Only some are lucky enough... to do the extraordinary.
#IndianArmy
#TuesdayMotivation
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Only some are lucky enough... to do the extraordinary.
#IndianArmy
#TuesdayMotivation
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#DAILY_PRACTICE #WAT_SET
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
1.Domain
2.Blunder
3.Naughty
4.Broader
5.Disobey
6.Governor
7.Qualified
8.Irritate
9.Unsocial
10.Charming
11.Puzzle
12.HornFor more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#DAILY_PRACTICE #SRT_SET
1.He was playing outdoor and his younger brother got seriously injured and it started to rain heavily.He.....
2.He had exams the next day and the road to his school was flooded with continuous rain for the last two days.He.....
3.His boss gives a piece of work and orders him to follow his instructions to complete the work,But the work is difficult to finish within time.He......
4.He received an urgent order from his CO,but he feels that order passed on to him is wrong .He......
5.In a fit of anger,his friend hit him.He.......
6.While hunting he and his brother lost way in dark(night) in jungle and he has jo light.He......
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
1.He was playing outdoor and his younger brother got seriously injured and it started to rain heavily.He.....
2.He had exams the next day and the road to his school was flooded with continuous rain for the last two days.He.....
3.His boss gives a piece of work and orders him to follow his instructions to complete the work,But the work is difficult to finish within time.He......
4.He received an urgent order from his CO,but he feels that order passed on to him is wrong .He......
5.In a fit of anger,his friend hit him.He.......
6.While hunting he and his brother lost way in dark(night) in jungle and he has jo light.He......
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
the structure of writing PPDT story is .
___
No. of characters :-
_
gender:- M/F
age:- in YEARS
mood:- +ve / -ve /0 neutral
——————-
Action:-
your story:-
_
___
No. of characters :-
_
gender:- M/F
age:- in YEARS
mood:- +ve / -ve /0 neutral
——————-
Action:-
your story:-
_
#ppdt
Attempt this ppdt image as per the guidelines of SSB interview.
30 seconds - to perceive the image
1 minute - to write action and characteristics
4 minutes - to write the story
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Attempt this ppdt image as per the guidelines of SSB interview.
30 seconds - to perceive the image
1 minute - to write action and characteristics
4 minutes - to write the story
Be honest with your SSB preparationFor more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview
Kochi-Mangaluru Natural Gas Pipeline
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Kochi-Mangaluru Natural Gas Pipeline
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Editorial_Analysis
Care is the standard of Vaccine Trial
◆A legal notice was sent last year, by a study participant to Serum Institute of India as he experienced neurological impairment after taking COVID-19 vaccine produced by the company in partnership with AstraZeneca.
◆The company, in turn, threatened to counter-sue the study participant more than ₹100 crores, calling the allegations “malicious and misconceived”.
◆The recent results of successful trials ought to be coupled with transparency in information and communication for vaccine production to translate into vaccination.
◆The legal counterclaim and lack of transparency by Serum Institute coupled with silence from AstraZeneca portray that some facts are suppressed.
What Clinical Trials do?
●Clinical trials use various scientific methodologies to test novel drugs and vaccines on human participants and ascertain whether such drugs are safe and effective against a particular disease.
●More than being a scientific methodology, trials is a method of human cooperation resting on Human trust, Integrity, Ethical and moral norms, care, respect, consent of, and fair compensation to the participants.
●Humans are the heart of the trials than Trial investigators or sponsors because the results of a study in one part of the world can be reasonably applied to other countries.
●It is because of clinical trial now we know that hydroxychloroquine and convalescent plasma do not reduce mortality due to COVID-19, instead, steroids save the lives of COVID-19 patients.
●The recent coercive attempt to falsify a study participant’s claims and intimidate him violates the agreed-upon rules of clinical trials, jeopardising the whole process, and raising a question mark on the validity of the particular trial.
●In order to protect human participants from harm in clinical trials, multiple checks and balances are put in places like the formation of a data and safety monitoring board, institutional ethics committees, and regulatory bodies for clinical trials namely Central Drugs Standard Control Organization in India.
●However, the failure of a regulatory body to protect the rights of HPV vaccine study participants in 2007, leading to the death of 7 girls raises a question on the efficiency of such bodies.
Maintaining silence
●Multiple stakeholders like serum Institute having a financial interest in the vaccine, regulatory bodies failing to perform their duty of ensuring the safety of clinical trials, International stakeholder Astra Zeneca- the original developer of the vaccine, the Bill, and Melinda Gates Foundation leading advocates for all major vaccines, Gavi Vaccine Alliance and World Health Organization have remained silent on the recent study participant claim of neurological disorder.
The science of vaccines
◆Due to vaccine, we were able to eradicate smallpox and are close to eradicating polio.
◆Millions of lives are saved by the simple act of timely vaccination.
◆However, the drop-in vaccination rate due to hesitancy has led to diseases like Measles and whooping cough coming back.
◆The claims, counterclaims and lack of transparency around Covishield threaten human faith in lifesaving, simple, cost-effective vaccine. The reputation or fiscal health of one of the largest suppliers of vaccine across the globe is not worth a setback to the idea of immunization.
Conclusion
●The very act of developing and testing a vaccine in less than a year for COVID-19 viral pathogen, is revolutionary changing the way we look at vaccine science, timelines, and policies. As responsible healthcare providers, we all are in need of a vaccine, to end this pandemic and return to a normal life but not at the cost of the safety of study participants.
●Vaccine development should be rooted in integrity, transparency, respect for study participants, and agreed-upon ethical standards.
●The regulatory bodies, ethics committees and international stakeholders should not overlook this as a singular event is as this may set us back in our fight against COVID-19.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Care is the standard of Vaccine Trial
◆A legal notice was sent last year, by a study participant to Serum Institute of India as he experienced neurological impairment after taking COVID-19 vaccine produced by the company in partnership with AstraZeneca.
◆The company, in turn, threatened to counter-sue the study participant more than ₹100 crores, calling the allegations “malicious and misconceived”.
◆The recent results of successful trials ought to be coupled with transparency in information and communication for vaccine production to translate into vaccination.
◆The legal counterclaim and lack of transparency by Serum Institute coupled with silence from AstraZeneca portray that some facts are suppressed.
What Clinical Trials do?
●Clinical trials use various scientific methodologies to test novel drugs and vaccines on human participants and ascertain whether such drugs are safe and effective against a particular disease.
●More than being a scientific methodology, trials is a method of human cooperation resting on Human trust, Integrity, Ethical and moral norms, care, respect, consent of, and fair compensation to the participants.
●Humans are the heart of the trials than Trial investigators or sponsors because the results of a study in one part of the world can be reasonably applied to other countries.
●It is because of clinical trial now we know that hydroxychloroquine and convalescent plasma do not reduce mortality due to COVID-19, instead, steroids save the lives of COVID-19 patients.
●The recent coercive attempt to falsify a study participant’s claims and intimidate him violates the agreed-upon rules of clinical trials, jeopardising the whole process, and raising a question mark on the validity of the particular trial.
●In order to protect human participants from harm in clinical trials, multiple checks and balances are put in places like the formation of a data and safety monitoring board, institutional ethics committees, and regulatory bodies for clinical trials namely Central Drugs Standard Control Organization in India.
●However, the failure of a regulatory body to protect the rights of HPV vaccine study participants in 2007, leading to the death of 7 girls raises a question on the efficiency of such bodies.
Maintaining silence
●Multiple stakeholders like serum Institute having a financial interest in the vaccine, regulatory bodies failing to perform their duty of ensuring the safety of clinical trials, International stakeholder Astra Zeneca- the original developer of the vaccine, the Bill, and Melinda Gates Foundation leading advocates for all major vaccines, Gavi Vaccine Alliance and World Health Organization have remained silent on the recent study participant claim of neurological disorder.
The science of vaccines
◆Due to vaccine, we were able to eradicate smallpox and are close to eradicating polio.
◆Millions of lives are saved by the simple act of timely vaccination.
◆However, the drop-in vaccination rate due to hesitancy has led to diseases like Measles and whooping cough coming back.
◆The claims, counterclaims and lack of transparency around Covishield threaten human faith in lifesaving, simple, cost-effective vaccine. The reputation or fiscal health of one of the largest suppliers of vaccine across the globe is not worth a setback to the idea of immunization.
Conclusion
●The very act of developing and testing a vaccine in less than a year for COVID-19 viral pathogen, is revolutionary changing the way we look at vaccine science, timelines, and policies. As responsible healthcare providers, we all are in need of a vaccine, to end this pandemic and return to a normal life but not at the cost of the safety of study participants.
●Vaccine development should be rooted in integrity, transparency, respect for study participants, and agreed-upon ethical standards.
●The regulatory bodies, ethics committees and international stakeholders should not overlook this as a singular event is as this may set us back in our fight against COVID-19.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#INTERNATIONAL_INTERGOVERNMENTALORGANISATIONS #INTERNATIONAL_CURRENTAFFAIRS
Japan and the Five Eyes Alliance
Context:
●Recently Japan has agreed to work with the 'Five Eyes' alliance to monitor atrocities on Uygar Muslims in China.
What is 'Five Eyes' alliance?
●"Five Eyes-Five Eyes" is an influential intelligence network covering five countries. This includes Australia, Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States.
●"Five Eyes" has a deep historical and cultural connection between these five countries. With this, the common English language spoken in these countries also brings these five countries together.
●The background of the origins of the Five Eyes Coalition can be seen in the 'Atlantic Charter' which was issued in August 1941 to meet the common goals of the Allies after the World War. However, this intelligence alliance was formally launched in 1946 after the Second World War.
●The main objective of this alliance is to keep an eye on China, North Korea and Russia and share the intelligence related to it.
●Japan has expressed a desire to be included in this organization. Earlier in December 2019, in the in view of China's increasing aggressionIndo-Pacific region, the US Congress Committee had recommended the inclusion of India, Japan and South Korea in this alliance.
Why does Japan want to join?
◆Japan's defence minister has said that Japan is keen to expand cooperation with the "Five Eyes" intelligence-sharing coalition, including Britain and the USA.
◆Despite Japan not joining the 'Five Eyes' group, he shares intelligence with this group. So Japan says it should be formally included in this group and it should be "Six Eyes" instead of Five Eyes.
◆At the present time, Japan has to urge this group to receive intelligence, which also delays it in getting notifications.
◆The most important factor for Japan to join this group is China's increasing aggression in the East China Sea and the South China Sea. The way China has shown aggression in Hong Kong and the Indo-China border in the recent past has increased Japan's worries.
Japan's Meaning of Joining the Five Eyes Alliance:
◆Japan's geographical location and technical superiority strengthen Japan's claim to join the Five Eyes. Japan is geographically close to China, North Korea and Russia. Therefore Japan can play an important role in getting intelligence of these countries.
◆However, it is not easy to join this group because does not Japan to japan have a specialized intelligence agency like the CIA of USA and MI6 of UK. Apart from this, there is no specific rule regarding sharing of Japan intelligence. Japan still shares intelligence with its citizens and businessmen, whom it believes.
◆So Japan needs to make some improvements in this direction to join the Five Eyes group.
◆Once Japan joins this Five Eyes group, then the talk of India joining it will also get a boost.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Japan and the Five Eyes Alliance
Context:
●Recently Japan has agreed to work with the 'Five Eyes' alliance to monitor atrocities on Uygar Muslims in China.
What is 'Five Eyes' alliance?
●"Five Eyes-Five Eyes" is an influential intelligence network covering five countries. This includes Australia, Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States.
●"Five Eyes" has a deep historical and cultural connection between these five countries. With this, the common English language spoken in these countries also brings these five countries together.
●The background of the origins of the Five Eyes Coalition can be seen in the 'Atlantic Charter' which was issued in August 1941 to meet the common goals of the Allies after the World War. However, this intelligence alliance was formally launched in 1946 after the Second World War.
●The main objective of this alliance is to keep an eye on China, North Korea and Russia and share the intelligence related to it.
●Japan has expressed a desire to be included in this organization. Earlier in December 2019, in the in view of China's increasing aggressionIndo-Pacific region, the US Congress Committee had recommended the inclusion of India, Japan and South Korea in this alliance.
Why does Japan want to join?
◆Japan's defence minister has said that Japan is keen to expand cooperation with the "Five Eyes" intelligence-sharing coalition, including Britain and the USA.
◆Despite Japan not joining the 'Five Eyes' group, he shares intelligence with this group. So Japan says it should be formally included in this group and it should be "Six Eyes" instead of Five Eyes.
◆At the present time, Japan has to urge this group to receive intelligence, which also delays it in getting notifications.
◆The most important factor for Japan to join this group is China's increasing aggression in the East China Sea and the South China Sea. The way China has shown aggression in Hong Kong and the Indo-China border in the recent past has increased Japan's worries.
Japan's Meaning of Joining the Five Eyes Alliance:
◆Japan's geographical location and technical superiority strengthen Japan's claim to join the Five Eyes. Japan is geographically close to China, North Korea and Russia. Therefore Japan can play an important role in getting intelligence of these countries.
◆However, it is not easy to join this group because does not Japan to japan have a specialized intelligence agency like the CIA of USA and MI6 of UK. Apart from this, there is no specific rule regarding sharing of Japan intelligence. Japan still shares intelligence with its citizens and businessmen, whom it believes.
◆So Japan needs to make some improvements in this direction to join the Five Eyes group.
◆Once Japan joins this Five Eyes group, then the talk of India joining it will also get a boost.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Defence_Exams_Notes #Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview
Defence Current Affairs (December,2020 ) for SSB and Upcoming Defence Exams
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Defence Current Affairs (December,2020 ) for SSB and Upcoming Defence Exams
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion