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Live Streaming of Court Proceedings

Why in News-Recently, the Gujarat High Court has become the first Court to live stream judicial proceedings on YouTube channel

◆The High Court allowed the open court proceedings through the video conferencing, except the proceedings to be conducted in camera.
◆In camera means in private chambers of a judge, with the press and public excluded.
◆It observed that the initiative of live telecast is on an experimental basis and the aspect of continuing with or adapting the modality of live court proceedings will be decided based on the outcome of this trial.
◆The move has been welcomed by lawyers, law students and the public at large besides litigants, being seen as a major measure towards transparency in judicial proceedings.

Benefits
●A live stream would help litigants follow the proceedings in their case and also assess their lawyers’ performance. People from far-flung States such as Tamil Nadu and Kerala do not have to travel all the way to the national capital for a day’s hearing.
●It would keep a check on lawyers’ conduct inside the courtrooms. With the entire country watching them, there would be fewer interruptions, raised voices and adjournments from the lawyers.
●Live-streaming will bring transparency and access to justice.

Issues Involved
●The live streaming of the Courts are susceptible to abuses.
●It can involve national security concerns and can amount to a violation of the fundamental right to privacy in matrimonial disputes and rape cases.
●The unauthorised reproduction of the live streaming videos is another cause for concern as its regulation will be very difficult at the government’s end.
●Concerns have also been raised about the commercial aspect of the whole issue. The agreements with broadcasters should be on a non-commercial basis. No one should profit from the arrangement.
●Infrastructure, specially internet connectivity is also the biggest challenge in implementing the live proceedings of Courts.

Way Forward
◆The public has a right to know about court proceedings in constitutional courts as well as trial and appellate courts. Openness and transparency reinforce the public’s faith in the judicial system.
◆Over the last few years, the Courts have taken steps to make justice more accessible. If the technology is available, it could be extended to members of the public, who can view court proceedings themselves.

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#INTERNATIONAL_CURRENTAFFAIRS #INTERNATIONAL_RELATIONS

India in Suport of France

Why in News-Recently, India came out in support of France’s President who has been criticised by Pakistan and Turkey for strongly defending the French people’s right to freedom of expression.

Background:
●Recently, a French schoolteacher was murdered for showing caricatures of the Prophet to his students.
●Condemning the murder, French President defended the freedom of expression and secular values.
●In response, Turkey and Pakistan accused French President of running an anti-Islamic agenda and provoking Muslims.
●Iran and Saudi Arabia too condemned the cartoon. There was a call in the entire muslim world to boycott French products.

India’s Support to France:
◆India condemned the criticism of Turkey and Pakistan on French President, by calling the criticism in violation of the most basic standards of international discourse.
◆India also condemned the murder of schoolteacher as brutal terrorist attack.
◆While France has seen repeated violent incidents around caricatures and cartoons that are deemed offensive, it is unusual for India to wade into a controversy over religion in another country.
◆In 2015, after the attack on Charlie Hebdo journalists and cartoonists, India condemned the incident by calling that India was on the side of those who condemn this barbaric incident.
◆India’s support for French President could have been influenced by the fact that the charge against the French President has been led by Turkey and Pakistan, two countries that have repeatedly attacked India over Jammu and Kashmir and alleged human rights violations.

Way Forward
●India’s relations with France is built on a foundation of shared democratic values and are informed by a commonality of interest in issues such as sustainable development and climate change.
●France also opens the pathway for deeper engagement with Europe on global issues, especially after uncertainty in the region due to Brexit.
●The new partnerships with France, Germany and other like-minded countries like Japan would hopefully turn out to be far more consequential for India’s influence on the global stage.

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#INTERNATIONAL_RELATIONS #INTERNATIONAL_CURRENTAFFAIRS

Sudan-Israel to Normalise Relations

Why in News-Recently, in a deal brokered by the USA, Sudan and Israel have agreed to normalise relations to end decades of hostility.

◆Sudan, which was technically at war with Israel since its foundation in 1948, has now become the third country to forge diplomatic relations with it, in recent times.
◆Earlier, the USA brokered diplomatic pacts between Israel and the UAE and Bahrain as well, to normalise their relations.

Implications:
●The deal would deepen Sudan’s engagement with the West.
●The deal follows USA’s conditional agreement to remove Sudan from its blacklist of countries accused of sponsoring terrorism.
●Sudan was added to the list in 1993 after it was accused of harbouring groups such as Hezbollah and Palestinian militant outfits which the USA deems as terrorists.
●As a result, Sudan was cut off from the global economy and was starved of foreign investment which faced another blow in 2011 when South Sudan was formed taking away its major oil resources.
●With its name removed from the list, Sudan will no longer stay deprived of foreign investments.
●Under the deal, Sudan has agreed to pay USD 335 million in compensation to victims of the Al-Qaeda bombings of USA embassies in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998.
●It delivers a foreign policy achievement for Trump just days before the USA election.
●It boosts Israel’s motive which has made it a priority to forge ties with formerly hostile countries in Africa and the Arab world in the absence of any progress with the Palestinians.
●In the initial phase, there will be no exchange of ambassadors or a mutual establishment of embassies.
●After the six-day war of 1967 war, Arab powers met in Khartoum (Sudan’s capital) to pledge three “noes” viz. no peace with Israel, no recognition of Israel, and no negotiations with Israel. Therefore, the deal holds a symbolic significance for Israel.
●Unlike the UAE and Bahrain, which have never fought with Israel, Sudan sent forces to fight in the war around Israel’s creation in 1948 and during the war of 1967. In the 1970s, Israel backed Sudanese insurgents fighting the Khartoum government.
●With this agreement, Israel will complete the creation of a safety cordon in the Red Sea, which currently includes Egypt, Jordan, South Sudan and Saudi Arabia.
●The deal is also aimed at unifying Arab countries against their common adversary, Iran.
●Though Sudan has been largely marginal to Middle Eastern politics in recent decades, the normalisation has significant symbolic value.

Global Reaction:
◆Allies of the USA, including Germany, Egypt, the UAE, Bahrain, have welcomed the deal as a boost to stability in West Asia.
◆Meanwhile, Palestinian leaders have strongly condemned the deal, echoing their rejection of all of the Israel’s normalisation accords.

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#Important_notes_ssb #INTERNATIONAL_INTERGOVERNMENTALORGANISATIONS

India-Central Asia Dialogue
◆It is a ministerial-level dialogue between India and the Central Asian countries namely Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
◆All five nations became independent states after the collapse of the USSR in 1991, post-Cold war.
◆All the countries participating in the dialogue, except for Turkmenistan, are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
◆The dialogue focuses on a number of issues including ways to improve connectivity and stabilise war-ravaged Afghanistan.
◆In the first dialogue, India proposed setting up of ‘India-Central Asia Development Group’ to take forward development partnership between India and Central Asian countries.
◆The group will enable India to expand its footprints in the resource-rich region amid an ongoing standoff with China and to fight terror effectively, including in Afghanistan.

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#Important_notes_ssb #GD_Material

Amendment Related to Land in J&K

Why in News-Recently, the Centre notified ‘Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Third Order, 2020', which states that any Indian citizen can now buy land in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) without being a domicile.

◆The introduction of the UT of J&K Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Third Order, 2020 has resulted in the repeal of at least 11 land laws in J&K, including the J&K Big Landed Estates Abolition Act that had resulted in famous ‘Land to tiller’ rights.

Features of Latest Order:
●No domicile or permanent resident certificate is required to purchase non-agricultural land in the UT.
●People as well as investors outside J&K can now purchase land in the UT, ending the exclusive rights of locals over the land granted under Article 370 (now abrogated).
●The Centre has been arguing that Article 370 hampered development in the U.T. as investors were unable to purchase land prior to 5th August 2019.
●Amended the Jammu & Kashmir Land Revenue Act, 1996, under which only agriculturists of J&K can purchase agricultural land.
●However, it doesn't bar the agricultural land to be used for non-agricultural purposes. A District Collector can allow the agricultural land to be used for non-agricultural purposes.
●The Centre also notified the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016, which paves the way for the acquisition of land in J&K by all Indian citizens.
●Previously, Article 35-A of J&K Constitution placed prohibitions on the sale of land to those who were not state subjects.
●Abolished the Big Land Estate Abolition Act, 1950 – this provided for redistribution of land which paved the way for rural prosperity and ended landlordism in J&K.
●Empowers the Centre to declare any area in J&K as ‘strategic’ and intended for the direct operational and training requirement of the armed forces.
However, this can be only done by an army officer of or above the rank of a corps commander.
●Spouses of a J&K domicile shall also be deemed as a domicile.
●Earlier, spouses of domiciles were not considered domiciles.
●Children of central government officials posted for over ten years in J&K will also continue to be considered domiciles.

Issues Involved:
◆For more than two years now, J&K has been without an elected government. All the changes being introduced in the UT have been steamrolled by the Centre rather than being legislated by elected representatives of the people.
◆This has created suspicions in the J&K that the Centre is gradually disempowering the local population and consolidating control through executive power.

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#Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview #Science_Technology

Earth Observational Satellite EOS-01 :ISRO

Why in News-India would launch its latest earth observation satellite EOS-01 and nine international customer satellites from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Andhra Pradesh’s Sriharikota.

◆The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C49) of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will launch these ten satellites on 7th November 2020. It will be PSLV's 51st Mission.
EOS-01: It is an earth observation satellite and is intended for applications in agriculture, forestry and disaster management support.
◆Earth observation satellites are the satellites equipped with remote sensing technology. Earth observation is the gathering of information about Earth's physical, chemical and biological systems.
◆Many earth observation satellites have been employed on sun-synchronous orbit.
◆Other earth observation satellites launched by ISRO include RESOURCESAT- 2, 2A, CARTOSAT-1, 2, 2A, 2B, RISAT-1 and 2, OCEANSAT-2, Megha-Tropiques, SARAL and SCATSAT-1, INSAT-3DR, 3D, etc.

Nine Customer Satellites: These are being launched as part of a commercial agreement with NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), Department of Space.
◆NSIL, incorporated in 2019 (under the Companies Act, 2013), is a wholly owned Government of India company, under the administrative control of Department of Space (DOS).
◆NSIL is the commercial arm of ISRO with the primary responsibility of enabling Indian industries to take up high technology space related activities and is also responsible for promotion and commercial exploitation of the products and services emanating from the Indian space programme.

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200_practice_questions_maths_cds_2_2020_57.pdf
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#Defence_Exams_Notes

Important Maths questions for CDS 2 2020 exam

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maths_solution_63.pdf
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Solution of above uploaded maths questions for CDS exam

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Recent decisions regarding Vigilance and Anti Corruption

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Forwarded from SSB Future Officers (Ankit)
#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN

Do finish all these psych tests in the prescribed time and attempt all and share your attempts(numbers only) on the group.
Daily practice is easy but attempting the real test format with real timings is bit challenging and you have to attempt with positivity and determination.

And compilation of all SRTs and WATs which have been discussed on the group earlier on daily basis,takes plenty of time.So do some justice to your efforts as well as ours.

It's advised to every candidate to be truthful to themselves and do some serious self-analysis.

Jai Hind 🇮🇳 Jai Bharat 🇮🇳

Happy Independence Day 🇮🇳🇮🇳
#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN

सामने देश माता का भव्य चरण है,
जिह्वा पर जलता हुआ एक, बस प्रण है,
काटेंगे अरि का मुण्ड कि स्वयं कटेंगे,
पीछे, परन्तु, सीमा से नहीं हटेंगे।

#SaturdayThoughts

For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Forwarded from SSB Future Officers (Ankit)
#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN

Do finish all these psych tests in the prescribed time and attempt all and share your attempts(numbers only) on the group.
Daily practice is easy but attempting the real test format with real timings is bit challenging and you have to attempt with positivity and determination.

And compilation of all SRTs and WATs which have been discussed on the group earlier on daily basis,takes plenty of time.So do some justice to your efforts as well as ours.

It's advised to every candidate to be truthful to themselves and do some serious self-analysis.

Jai Hind
🇮🇳