Sports_2021_Jan_to_August_TopicWise_PDF_by_AffairsCloud_6.pdf
753.5 KB
#Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes #Monthly_Current_Affairs #Sports_Series #AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Sports related Current Affairs
( January 21 to August 21)
-By AffairsCloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Sports related Current Affairs
( January 21 to August 21)
-By AffairsCloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Obituary_2021_Jan_to_August_TopicWise_PDF_by_AffairsCloud_6.pdf
761.6 KB
#Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Obituaries in the period of (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Obituaries in the period of (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Books_Authors_2021_Jan_to_August_TopicWise_PDF_by_AffairsCloud_6.pdf
730.3 KB
#Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Important Books and Authors (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Important Books and Authors (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Important_Days_2021_Jan_to_August_TopicWise_PDF_by_AffairsCloud.pdf
979.5 KB
#Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Important Days in period of (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Important Days in period of (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Apps_&_Webportals_2021_Jan_to_August_TopicWise_PDF_by_AffairsCloud.pdf
652.7 KB
#Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Important Apps and webportals in news in period of (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Important Apps and webportals in news in period of (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Environment_2021_Jan_to_August_TopicWise_PDF_by_AffairsCloud_6.pdf
513.8 KB
#GEOGRAPHY_EVS #Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Environment and Geography Related Current Affairs (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Environment and Geography Related Current Affairs (Jan 21 to August 21)
By Affairs Cloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Current_Affairs #Monthly_Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes
Hello Future Officers, here we are sharing topic wise Current Affairs from the month of January 2021 to August 2021.
Current Affairs play a vital role in SSB interview and defence exams.So here we go with the topic wise links-
1.Defence CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9658
2.Sports CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9659
3.Science and Technology CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9657
4.International Current Affairs
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9645
5.National Current Affairs
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9647
6.Economy and Finance CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9649
7.MoUs and Agreements
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9650
8.Summits, Events and Conferences
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9651
9.Committee Meetings
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9652
10.Govt. Schemes
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9644
11.Important Visits
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9646
12.Environment And Geography CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9664
13.Banking and Finance CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9648
14.Important Days
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9662
15.Important Apps and Web Portals
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9663
16.Obituaries
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9660
17.Books and Authors
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9661
18.Awards and Recognitions
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9654
19.Appointments and Resignations
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9655
20.Important Indices and Reports
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9653
21.Acquisitions and Merger
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9656
This message will remain pinned on the main channel so that candidates can access it anytime without wasting their time.
So don't compromise with your SSB interview and Defence exam preparation.
Jai Hind 🇮🇳
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Hello Future Officers, here we are sharing topic wise Current Affairs from the month of January 2021 to August 2021.
Current Affairs play a vital role in SSB interview and defence exams.So here we go with the topic wise links-
1.Defence CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9658
2.Sports CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9659
3.Science and Technology CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9657
4.International Current Affairs
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9645
5.National Current Affairs
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9647
6.Economy and Finance CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9649
7.MoUs and Agreements
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9650
8.Summits, Events and Conferences
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9651
9.Committee Meetings
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9652
10.Govt. Schemes
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9644
11.Important Visits
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9646
12.Environment And Geography CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9664
13.Banking and Finance CA
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9648
14.Important Days
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9662
15.Important Apps and Web Portals
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9663
16.Obituaries
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9660
17.Books and Authors
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9661
18.Awards and Recognitions
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9654
19.Appointments and Resignations
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9655
20.Important Indices and Reports
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9653
21.Acquisitions and Merger
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/9656
This message will remain pinned on the main channel so that candidates can access it anytime without wasting their time.
So don't compromise with your SSB interview and Defence exam preparation.
Jai Hind 🇮🇳
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Telegram
SSB Future Officers
#Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes #Monthly_Current_Affairs #Defence_News #AFCAT_Exam #CDS_Exam #NDA_Exam
Defence related Current Affairs
( January 21 to August 21)
-By AffairsCloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Defence related Current Affairs
( January 21 to August 21)
-By AffairsCloud
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
SSB Future Officers
https://youtu.be/uph0TDM_phA
Extremely important for your SSB interview. Interviewing officer asked questions related to this topic. Please go through this thoroughly.
#Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview
Recently Kerala has seen the rise of the Nipah Virus in the time of the COVID-19 outbreak. It is a zoonotic virus, that can spread from Animals to Humans that make an alarming condition in Kerala. Here is detailed information about the virus and the strategy by states to overcome it.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Recently Kerala has seen the rise of the Nipah Virus in the time of the COVID-19 outbreak. It is a zoonotic virus, that can spread from Animals to Humans that make an alarming condition in Kerala. Here is detailed information about the virus and the strategy by states to overcome it.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
08-09-2021, current affairs.pdf
3 MB
#Current_Affairs
08-09-21 current affairs
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
08-09-21 current affairs
Important for upcoming defence exams
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
✍ RAMSAR SITES IN INDIA
1. Asan Conservation Reserve- Uttarakhand
2. Asthamudi Wetland - Kerala
3. Beas Conservation Reserve - Punjab
4. Bhitarkanika Mangroves - Orissa
5. Bhoj Wetlands - Madhya Pradesh
6. Chandertal Wetland - Himachal Pradesh
7. Chilka Lake - Orissa
8. Deepor Beel - Assam
9. East Kolkata Wetlands - West Bengal
10. Harike Lake - Punjab
11. Hokera Wetland - Jammu and Kashmir
12. Kabartal Wetland - Bihar
13. Kanjli Lake - Punjab
14. Keoladeo Ghana NP - Rajasthan
15. Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve - Punjab
16. Kolleru Lake - Andhra Pradesh
17. Loktak Lake - Manipur
18. Lonar Lake - Maharashtra
19. Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary- Gujarat
20. Nandur Madhameshwar - Maharashtra
21. Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary - Punjab
22. Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
23. Parvati Agra Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
24. Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary - Tamil Nadu
25. Pong Dam Lake - Himachal Pradesh
26. Renuka Wetland - Himachal Pradesh
27. Ropar Lake - Punjab
28. Rudrasagar Lake - Tripura
29. Saman Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
30. Samaspur Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
31. Sambhar Lake - Rajasthan
32. Sandi Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
33. Sarsai Nawar Jheel - Uttar Pradesh
34. Sasthamkotta Lake - Kerala
35. Sunderbans Wetland - West Bengal
36. Surinsar-Mansar Lakes - Jammu and Kashmir
37. Sur Sarovar - Uttar Pradesh
38. Tso Kar Wetland Complex - Ladakh
39. Tsomoriri Lake - Jammu and Kashmir
40. Upper Ganga River
(Brijghat to Narora Stretch) - Uttar Pradesh
41. Vembanad Kol Wetland - Kerala
42. Wular Lake - Jammu & Kashmir
43 .Thol - Gujrat
44. wadhwana - Gujrat
45.Sultanpur - Haryana
46. Bhindwas - Haryana
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
1. Asan Conservation Reserve- Uttarakhand
2. Asthamudi Wetland - Kerala
3. Beas Conservation Reserve - Punjab
4. Bhitarkanika Mangroves - Orissa
5. Bhoj Wetlands - Madhya Pradesh
6. Chandertal Wetland - Himachal Pradesh
7. Chilka Lake - Orissa
8. Deepor Beel - Assam
9. East Kolkata Wetlands - West Bengal
10. Harike Lake - Punjab
11. Hokera Wetland - Jammu and Kashmir
12. Kabartal Wetland - Bihar
13. Kanjli Lake - Punjab
14. Keoladeo Ghana NP - Rajasthan
15. Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve - Punjab
16. Kolleru Lake - Andhra Pradesh
17. Loktak Lake - Manipur
18. Lonar Lake - Maharashtra
19. Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary- Gujarat
20. Nandur Madhameshwar - Maharashtra
21. Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary - Punjab
22. Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
23. Parvati Agra Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
24. Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary - Tamil Nadu
25. Pong Dam Lake - Himachal Pradesh
26. Renuka Wetland - Himachal Pradesh
27. Ropar Lake - Punjab
28. Rudrasagar Lake - Tripura
29. Saman Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
30. Samaspur Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
31. Sambhar Lake - Rajasthan
32. Sandi Bird Sanctuary - Uttar Pradesh
33. Sarsai Nawar Jheel - Uttar Pradesh
34. Sasthamkotta Lake - Kerala
35. Sunderbans Wetland - West Bengal
36. Surinsar-Mansar Lakes - Jammu and Kashmir
37. Sur Sarovar - Uttar Pradesh
38. Tso Kar Wetland Complex - Ladakh
39. Tsomoriri Lake - Jammu and Kashmir
40. Upper Ganga River
(Brijghat to Narora Stretch) - Uttar Pradesh
41. Vembanad Kol Wetland - Kerala
42. Wular Lake - Jammu & Kashmir
43 .Thol - Gujrat
44. wadhwana - Gujrat
45.Sultanpur - Haryana
46. Bhindwas - Haryana
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#DAILY_PRACTICE #WAT_SET
1.Effort
2.Hook
3.Rub
4.Empty
5.Stamp
6.Half
7.Full
8.Crook
9.Kiss
10.Love
11.Gain
12.Option
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
1.Effort
2.Hook
3.Rub
4.Empty
5.Stamp
6.Half
7.Full
8.Crook
9.Kiss
10.Love
11.Gain
12.Option
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#DAILY_PRACTICE #SRT_SET
1.You are organizing a football tournament and in that two local teams with a history of rivalry, plans to fight with each other.You will...
2.You are going to Darjeeling, where your family mates want to take a photograph in lawn where entry is prohibited.But they are looking sad because of that denial. You will...
3.While on trekking in a NCC Camp, your leader got severe angle bone injury which made him not to move a single step, you will....
4.He worked hard throughout the year and he got a very little appraisal, he will...
5.At the evening discussion with his friends, he plans to do start something new, he will...
6.You are buying medicine to your mother at late night and on the way you saw a person seriously injured and hit by a robber group on the way.You will...
7.Your family members have planned to murder your maternal uncle for property cases. You will...
8.He is going on a scooter and he is not carrying a license, the policeman demands to see his license. He will......
9.He is sitting in the examination hall and he can not solve most of the problems and passing is important for him. He......
10.His professor asked a wish to you. What would be his desire. He.......
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
1.You are organizing a football tournament and in that two local teams with a history of rivalry, plans to fight with each other.You will...
2.You are going to Darjeeling, where your family mates want to take a photograph in lawn where entry is prohibited.But they are looking sad because of that denial. You will...
3.While on trekking in a NCC Camp, your leader got severe angle bone injury which made him not to move a single step, you will....
4.He worked hard throughout the year and he got a very little appraisal, he will...
5.At the evening discussion with his friends, he plans to do start something new, he will...
6.You are buying medicine to your mother at late night and on the way you saw a person seriously injured and hit by a robber group on the way.You will...
7.Your family members have planned to murder your maternal uncle for property cases. You will...
8.He is going on a scooter and he is not carrying a license, the policeman demands to see his license. He will......
9.He is sitting in the examination hall and he can not solve most of the problems and passing is important for him. He......
10.His professor asked a wish to you. What would be his desire. He.......
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#DAILY_PRACTICE
#TAT_SET340
Important TAT image for all Entries.
Try to write within prescribed time i.e. 4 minutes.
Be honest with your preparation and attempt this image and write a desirable story.
(For better practice,Write the story on A4 paper within prescribed time.)
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#TAT_SET340
Important TAT image for all Entries.
Try to write within prescribed time i.e. 4 minutes.
Be honest with your preparation and attempt this image and write a desirable story.
(For better practice,Write the story on A4 paper within prescribed time.)
Healthy and constructive reviews are welcome.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Know_Your_Navy #Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview
INS TABAR CONDUCTS MARITIME PARTNERSHIP EXERCISE WITH EGYPTIAN NAVY
◆On leaving the port of Alexandria on 05 September 21, INS Tabar undertook a maritime partnership exercise with ENS Alexandria, a frontline frigate of the Egyptian Navy, in the Mediterranean Sea.
◆The exercise involved multiple activities covering a wide range of naval operations. These included drills for transit through asymmetric threat environment, operations for interdicting suspect vessels at sea, communication procedures, joint development of maritime domain picture and replenishment at sea drills.
◆A highlight of the exercise was the cross-deck helo operations that involved helo recovery procedures and airborne light replenishment drills between the two ships.
◆The exercise was significantly beneficial in enhancing interoperability between the two navies and widened the scope for combined operations against common maritime threats in future. The maritime partnership exercise culminated with a ‘Steam Past’ between the two ships, as per naval custom.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
INS TABAR CONDUCTS MARITIME PARTNERSHIP EXERCISE WITH EGYPTIAN NAVY
◆On leaving the port of Alexandria on 05 September 21, INS Tabar undertook a maritime partnership exercise with ENS Alexandria, a frontline frigate of the Egyptian Navy, in the Mediterranean Sea.
◆The exercise involved multiple activities covering a wide range of naval operations. These included drills for transit through asymmetric threat environment, operations for interdicting suspect vessels at sea, communication procedures, joint development of maritime domain picture and replenishment at sea drills.
◆A highlight of the exercise was the cross-deck helo operations that involved helo recovery procedures and airborne light replenishment drills between the two ships.
◆The exercise was significantly beneficial in enhancing interoperability between the two navies and widened the scope for combined operations against common maritime threats in future. The maritime partnership exercise culminated with a ‘Steam Past’ between the two ships, as per naval custom.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview #Defence_News
DefExpo: 2022
✔️Why in News- The 12th edition of DefExpo will be held in Gandhinagar, Gujarat in March 2022.
◆DefExpo is a flagship biennial event of the Ministry of Defence, showcasing the land, naval, air as well as homeland security systems.
◆The aim of the DefExpo 2022 is to build upon the vision to achieve Atmanirbharta’ in defence and reach the $5bn defence exports target by 2024.
◆The 11th edition of DefExpo was held at Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) in 2020.
▪️Defence Sector Reforms Under Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan:
〰️
〰️
〰️
〰️Separate budget provision for domestic capital procurement.
〰️
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
DefExpo: 2022
✔️Why in News- The 12th edition of DefExpo will be held in Gandhinagar, Gujarat in March 2022.
◆DefExpo is a flagship biennial event of the Ministry of Defence, showcasing the land, naval, air as well as homeland security systems.
◆The aim of the DefExpo 2022 is to build upon the vision to achieve Atmanirbharta’ in defence and reach the $5bn defence exports target by 2024.
◆The 11th edition of DefExpo was held at Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) in 2020.
▪️Defence Sector Reforms Under Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan:
〰️
Revision of FDI Limit:
The FDI limit in defence manufacturing under automatic route is raised from 49% to 74%.〰️
Project Management Unit (PMU):
The government is expected to begin time-bound defence procurement and faster decision making by setting up a Project Management Unit (for contract management purposes).〰️
Reduction in Defence Import Bill
: The government will notify a list of weapons/platforms banned for imports and thus such items can only be purchased from the domestic market.〰️Separate budget provision for domestic capital procurement.
〰️
Corporatisation of the Ordnance Factory Board:
It will include a public listing of some units, ensuring a more efficient interface of the manufacturer with the designer and end-user.For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
NAVY SSCO JUNE 2022 NOTIFICATION.pdf
1.6 MB
#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN
Indian Navy SSC Recruitment JUNE 22 Course
Applications are invited from unmarried eligible men and women candidates for grant of Short Service Selection (SSC) for course commencing JUNE 2022 onwards at Indian Naval Academy(INA) Ezhimala, Kerala.
❗️Date of Opening -18 Sept 2021 21 Sept 2021
❗️Last Date - 05 October 2021
▪️Extended Naval Orientation Course - General Service Executive {(GS)X/Hydrography}
▪️Naval Orientation Course Regular - ATC, Observer, Pilot , Logistics, Education, Technical ( Engineering/Electrical), Naval Architect
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
Indian Navy SSC Recruitment JUNE 22 Course
Applications are invited from unmarried eligible men and women candidates for grant of Short Service Selection (SSC) for course commencing JUNE 2022 onwards at Indian Naval Academy(INA) Ezhimala, Kerala.
❗️Date of Opening -
❗️Last Date - 05 October 2021
▪️Extended Naval Orientation Course - General Service Executive {(GS)X/Hydrography}
▪️Naval Orientation Course Regular - ATC, Observer, Pilot , Logistics, Education, Technical ( Engineering/Electrical), Naval Architect
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
#INTERNATIONAL_CURRENTAFFAIRS #INTERNATIONAL_RELATIONS #Defence_News #GD_Material
India-US Agreement for Air-Launched Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
✔️Why in News- Recently, India and the US have signed a Project Agreement (PA) to jointly develop an Air-launched Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (ALUAV) or drones that can be launched from an aircraft.
◆The PA was signed under the Joint Working Group Air Systems in the Defence Technology and Trade Initiative (DTTI), between India's Ministry of Defence (MoD) and the US Department of Defence (DoD).
❗️About the Project Agreement (PA):
〰️
●The PA for the ALUAV fell under the Research, Development, Testing and Evaluation Memorandum of Agreement between MoD and US DoD.
●It was first signed in January 2006 and renewed in January 2015.
〰️
〰️
〰️
●It could in the future lead to joint manufacture of artificial intelligence-enabled drone swarms capable of being launched from aircraft to overwhelm an adversary’s air defence systems.
✔️Defence Trade and Technology Initiative (DTTI):
〰️
〰️
●This would be through exploring new areas of technological collaboration through co-development and co-production.
〰️
●The near-term projects included so far are Air-launched Small Unmanned Systems (drone swarms), LightWeight Small Arms Technology and Intelligence-Surveillance-Targeting & Reconnaissance (ISTAR) systems.
●The medium-term projects identified are Maritime Domain Awareness Solution and Virtual Augmented Mixed Reality for Aircraft Maintenance or VAMRAM.
●The two long term projects are Terrain Shaping Obstacle (lethal munitions) and anti-drone technology called Counter-UAS, Rocket, Artillery & Mortar (CURAM) system for the Indian Army.
〰️
❗️Other Major Agreements between India and US
1.The Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA) largely pertains to geospatial intelligence, and sharing information on maps and satellite images for defence.
●It was signed between India and the US in 2020.
2.The Communication Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA) was signed in 2018.
●It aims to facilitate communication between the weapons platforms of the two armed forces.
3.The Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) was signed a full 14 years later in 2016.
●It aims to provide mutual logistics support around the world.
4.The General Security of Military Information Agreement (GSOMIA) was signed by the government in 2002.
●It aims to protect the military information shared by the US.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion
India-US Agreement for Air-Launched Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
✔️Why in News- Recently, India and the US have signed a Project Agreement (PA) to jointly develop an Air-launched Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (ALUAV) or drones that can be launched from an aircraft.
◆The PA was signed under the Joint Working Group Air Systems in the Defence Technology and Trade Initiative (DTTI), between India's Ministry of Defence (MoD) and the US Department of Defence (DoD).
❗️About the Project Agreement (PA):
〰️
Aim
: It aims towards design, development, demonstration, testing and evaluation of systems to co-develop an ALUAV prototype.●The PA for the ALUAV fell under the Research, Development, Testing and Evaluation Memorandum of Agreement between MoD and US DoD.
●It was first signed in January 2006 and renewed in January 2015.
〰️
Indian Participants:
The PA outlines the collaboration between Air Force Research Laboratory, Indian Air Force, and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).〰️
Execution
: The Aeronautical Development Establishment at the DRDO and the Aerospace Systems Directorate at the Air Force Research Laboratory, along with the Indian and US Air Forces are the principal organisations for the execution of the PA.〰️
Significance
: It was a significant step towards deepening defence technology collaboration between the two nations through co-development of defence equipment.●It could in the future lead to joint manufacture of artificial intelligence-enabled drone swarms capable of being launched from aircraft to overwhelm an adversary’s air defence systems.
✔️Defence Trade and Technology Initiative (DTTI):
〰️
Formation
: The DTTI was announced in 2012 as an ambitious initiative for co-production and co-development of military systems but has never really taken off despite several efforts.〰️
Aim:
To strengthen the US and India’s defence industrial base by moving away from the traditional “buyer-seller” dynamic toward a more collaborative approach.●This would be through exploring new areas of technological collaboration through co-development and co-production.
〰️
Projects
: The projects under DTTI have been identified as the near, medium and long term projects.●The near-term projects included so far are Air-launched Small Unmanned Systems (drone swarms), LightWeight Small Arms Technology and Intelligence-Surveillance-Targeting & Reconnaissance (ISTAR) systems.
●The medium-term projects identified are Maritime Domain Awareness Solution and Virtual Augmented Mixed Reality for Aircraft Maintenance or VAMRAM.
●The two long term projects are Terrain Shaping Obstacle (lethal munitions) and anti-drone technology called Counter-UAS, Rocket, Artillery & Mortar (CURAM) system for the Indian Army.
〰️
Joint Working Group:
Under the DTTI, Joint Working Groups on land, naval, air, and aircraft carrier technologies have been established for focus on mutually agreed projects in respective domains.❗️Other Major Agreements between India and US
1.The Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA) largely pertains to geospatial intelligence, and sharing information on maps and satellite images for defence.
●It was signed between India and the US in 2020.
2.The Communication Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA) was signed in 2018.
●It aims to facilitate communication between the weapons platforms of the two armed forces.
3.The Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) was signed a full 14 years later in 2016.
●It aims to provide mutual logistics support around the world.
4.The General Security of Military Information Agreement (GSOMIA) was signed by the government in 2002.
●It aims to protect the military information shared by the US.
For more @ssbgeneraldiscussion