#Know_Your_Navy #Defence_News

Seven Indian Navy Ships Deployed for Op Samudra Setu II

◆In support of the nation’s fight against Covid-19 and as part of operation 'Samudra Setu II’,  seven Indian Naval ships viz. Kolkata, Kochi,  Talwar, Tabar, Trikand, Jalashwa and Airavat have been deployed for shipment of liquid medical oxygen-filled cryogenic containers and associated medical equipment from various countries. 

◆INS Kolkata and INS Talwar, mission deployed in Persian Gulf, were the first batch of ships that were immediately diverted for the task and entered port of Manama, Bahrain on 30 Apr 21.

◆INS Talwar, with 40 MT Liquid Medical Oxygen (LMO) embarked, is headed back home.

◆INS Kolkata has proceeded to Doha, Qatar for embarking medical supplies and will subsequently head to Kuwait for embarking Liquid Oxygen tanks. 

◆Similarly, on the Eastern seaboard, INS Airavat too has been diverted for the task, while INS Jalashwa, the LPD which played a key role during op Samudra Setu last year was pulled out of maintenance, readied  and sailed out to augment the effort.

◆INS Airavat is scheduled to enter Singapore for embarking Liquid oxygen tanks and INS Jalashwa is standing by in the region to embark medical stores at short notice. 

◆The second batch of ships comprising Kochi, Trikand and Tabar mission deployed in Arabian sea have also been diverted to join the national effort. 

◆From the Southern Naval Command, the Landing Ship Tank INS Shardul is being readied to join the Operation within 48 hours. 

◆Indian Navy also has the surge capability, to deploy more ships when the need arises to further nation's fight against COVID-19. It is pertinent that the ships are combat ready and capable of meeting any contingency in keeping with the attributes of versatility of sea power. 

◆It may be recalled that Operation Samudra Setu was launched last year by the Navy and around 4000 Indian citizens stranded in neighbouring countries, amidst COVID 19 outbreak, were successfully repatriated back to India.                                                                

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#DAILY_PRACTICE #WAT_SET

1.Relive
2.Reveal
3.Rascal
4.Random
5.Roasted
6.Freak
7.Bronze
8.Booze
9.Blackish
10.Brigade

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#DAILY_PRACTICE #SRT_SET

1.He was assigned the task to organise a sports competition. Many preparations were pending before 2 days of the event. He…..

2.His friend cracked jokes on his girlfriend in front of him. He…..

3.While going to the attend examination, he met with an accident and got his left leg severely injured. He….

4.He found his juniors amending company records to leak out some money. He…..

5.His convoy got stuck on the way, due to some problem and the place is prone to terrorists. He….

6.He was on a cycling expedition with his friends, when he saw some miscreants with local weapons, heading to an area. He…….

7.He was waiting in the queue to buy movie ticket, when a well-built person went to the window to get the ticket. He…..

8.When TTE asked him for ticket, he discovered that he lost his ticket. He…..

9.He got information of a possible dacoit raid in the village. He…….

10.He has to appear in the exam next day, when his friend asked him to lend him his books for preparation. He……

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#DAILY_PRACTICE
#TAT_SET240

Important TAT image for all Entries.
Try to write within prescribed time i.e. 4 minutes.
Be honest with your preparation and attempt this image and write a desirable story.

(For better practice,Write the story on A4 paper within prescribed time.)

Healthy and constructive reviews are welcome.

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#Monthly_Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes

April 2021 Full Month Important CA Q&A Merged Pdf by Affairscloud (Paid PDF)

Sections included

1.National Affairs
2.International Affairs
3.Banking and Finance
4.Sports
5.Awards and appointment
6.Science and Tech
7.Environment

Important for upcoming Defence Exams

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#Monthly_Current_Affairs #Defence_Exams_Notes

April 2021 Full Month Important CA Q&A Merged Pdf by StudyIQ (Paid PDF)

Important for upcoming Defence Exams

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#Know_Your_AirForce #Defence_equipment

Different Aircrafts used by the Indian Air Force:{1/2}

✔️AN-32: Russian-made twin-motor turboprop medium strategic transport airplane with a group of five and a payload limit of 39 paratroopers or 6.7 tons. It can cruise at a top speed of 530 km/hr.

✔️AVRO: British-made twin-engine turboprop military transport and freighter with a maximum cruising speed of 452 km/hr and a capacity of 48 paratroopers or 6 tonnes freight.

✔️Boeing 737-200: The Boeing 737-200 is a twin-engine turbofan VIP passenger plane with a seating capacity of up to 60 passengers. It was built in the United States. It will cruise at a top speed of 943 km/hr.

✔️Cheetah: French-made single-engine turboshaft FAC/casevac helicopter capable of carrying three passengers or 100 kg external sling loads. It has a top speed of 121 km/hr and can accelerate from zero to one kilometer in four minutes.

✔️Chetak: A single-engine turboshaft light utility helicopter from France with a seating capacity of six passengers or a payload of 500 kilograms. Its top speed is 220 kilometers per hour.

✔️C-17: The C-17 can carry a payload of 40-70 tons over a distance of 4200-9000 kilometers in a single hop.

✔️C-130J: The C-130J can conduct para drops, heavy drops, and casualty evacuations, as well as operate from short and semi-prepared surfaces. In August 2013, the C-130J was the heaviest aircraft to land at DBO.

✔️Dornier: German-made twin-motor turboprop calculated air support work force transport airplane equipped for shipping 19 travelers or 2057 kg of freight. It has a maximum velocity of 428 kilometers each hour.

✔️EMBRAER: The primary function of this executive jet aircraft is to transport VVIPs and VIPs to locations both within India and abroad. This aircraft is operated by the Air HQ Communication Squadron, which has a spotless incident/accident-free record to date.

✔️IL-76: A Russian-made four-engine heavy-duty/long-haul military transport aircraft with a top speed of 850 km/hr. It has a twin 23 mm cannon in the tail turret and can transport 225 paratroopers or 40 tonnes of freight, as well as wheeled and tracked armored vehicles.

✔️Jaguar: Somewhat English French twin-motor single-seater profound infiltration assault airplane with a maximum velocity of 1350 km/hr (Mach 1.3). It can carry two R-350 Magic CCMs (overwing) and 4750 kg of external stores (bombs/fuel) and has two 30mm weapons.

✔️MI-17 V5: The Mi-17 V5 is a powerful helicopter platform with cutting-edge avionics and glass cockpit instrumentation. They have cutting-edge navigational equipment, avionics, weather radar, and NVG compatibility.

✔️MI-26: Russian-made twin-engine turboshaft military heavy-lift helicopter with a payload capacity of 20,000 kg and a carrying capacity of 70 combat-ready soldiers. It has a top speed of 295 kilometers per hour.

✔️MI-25/MI-35: A twin-engine turboshaft attack and anti-armor helicopter with a four-barrel 12.7 mm rotary gun in the nose barbette and up to 1500 kg of external ordnance, including Scorpion anti-tank missiles. It will cruise at a top speed of 310 km/hr.

✔️MiG-21 BISON: The IAF's backbone is the MiG-21 BISON, a single-engine, single-seater multirole fighter/ground attack aircraft of Russian origin. It has a top speed of 2230 km/h (Mach 2.1) and is equipped with a single 23mm twin-barrel cannon and four R-60 close combat missiles.

✔️MiG-27: Russian-made single-engine, single-seat tactical strike fighter with a top speed of 1700 km/hr (Mach 1.6). It has one 23 mm six-barrel rotary integral cannon and can externally hold up to 4000 kg of armament.

✔️MiG-29: Russian-made twin-engined single-seater air superiority fighter capable of reaching a top speed of 2445 km/h (Mach-2.3). It has a 17-kilometer battle ceiling. It is equipped with a 30 mm gun, four R-60 close-range radar-guided missiles, and two R-27 R medium-range radar-guided missiles.

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#Know_Your_AirForce #Defence_equipment

Different Aircrafts used by the Indian Air Force:{2/2}

✔️Mirage-2000: A solitary seater air guard and multi-job contender with a solitary motor fit for arriving at a maximum velocity of 2495 km/hr (Mach 2.3). On outer stations, it has two 30 mm indispensable cannons, two Matra very 530D medium-range rockets, and two R-550 wizardry II close battle rockets.

✔️SU-30 MKI: Russian-made twin-seater twin-engine multirole fighter with a single 30mm GSH gun and 8000 kg external armament. It can carry a variety of medium-range guided air-to-air missiles with active or semi-active radar, as well as close-range Infrared homing missiles. It can reach a top speed of 2500 km/hr (Mach 2.35).

〰️For Training purpose also, IAF replaced its old training Aircraft with the new one:

◆The Indian Air Force replaced its HT-2 primary trainers with the HPT-32 (Deepak), a new piston-engined trainer that has been in use at the Basic Flying Training School in Allahabad and the Air Force Academy in Dundigal since January 1988. After that, flight cadets go to the Air Force Academy in Dundigal for operational training on the HJT 16 Kiran, first on the Mk. I/IA, then on the armed Mk II variant or the Polish origin Iskra. Pilots are streamed to different conversion units after commissioning, depending on their range and proficiency.

◆HAL HPT-32 Deepak

Future fighter pilots are assigned to operational conversion units (now known as the MOFTU or MIG Operational Flying Training Unit), where they train on the MIG 21 for operational and tactical missions. Thus are born the IAF's leaders and even potential spacemen, such as Sqn Ldr Rakesh Sharma, India's first cosmonaut who flew with the Soviets in a joint space mission in 1984.

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#Defence_News #Important_notes_ssb

An in-depth list of all Param Vir Chakra Awardees in India:{2/3}

▪️Maj. Somnath Sharma (First winner of Param Vir Chakra), 4 Kumaon|Badgam, Kashmir|November 3, 1947: The first person to win the Param Vir Chakra Award was Major Somnath Sharma. With a broken arm, Major Sharma repelled enemy attacks on the Badgam aerodrome and Srinagar. He was filling magazines by hand and distributing them to the light machine gunners. His death enraged his comrades, who fought the enemy 7:1 for six hours.

▪️Naik Jadunath Singh, 1 Rajput|Taindhara, Naushera, Kashmir| February 6, 1948: When the enemy invaded, Naik Singh was commanding a forward post. We had a lot of losses. Singh managed to save his troops in the end, but he was killed by bullets.

▪️2nd Lt Rama Raghoba Rane, Bombay Engineers|Naushera-Rajouri Road|April 8-11, 1948: As he laid a course for tanks, Rane braved machine-gun fire, mines, and roadblocks. Despite being wounded, his perseverance over days aided the advance on Rajouri. In a truck, he rode to a roadblock, crouched under it, and cleared the mines.

▪️Company Havildar Major Piru Singh, 6 Rajputana Rifles|Tithwal sector, J&K|July 18, 1948: When a grenade struck Major Singh, he was single-handedly occupying an enemy post and moving to assault another. Before succumbing to death, he continued to lob grenades and managed to smash another shelter.

▪️Lance Naik Karam Singh, 1 Sikh|Tithwal sector, J&K|October 13, 1948: When the enemy launched eight strikes, Lance Naik Singh was in charge of a post. Each wave was repelled by the Sikhs, but Karam Singh was injured. When two enemy soldiers approached too closely, he bayoneted them to death.

▪️Captain Gurbachan Singh Salaria, 3/1 Gorkha Rifles|Elizabethville, Katanga, Congo|December 5, 1961: Capt. Salaria and his Gorkhas, who were part of the UN Force, charged a roadblock, killing 40 people and knocking out two enemy vehicles. The others bolted. Salaria died as a result of several gunshot wounds.

▪️Major Dhan Singh Thapa, 1/8 Gorkha Rifles|Ladakh|October 21, 1962: The Chinese attacked Major Thapa's post in Ladakh. Before he was overpowered, he killed a lot of people in hand-to-hand combat. He was thought dead when it was discovered that he had been taken prisoner of war. Major Thapa was eventually set free.

▪️Subedar Joginder Singh, 1 Sikh|Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh|October 20-23, 1962: Subedar Singh, who was stationed in the Tongpeng La sector, was repeatedly attacked by the Chinese. Despite a thigh wound, he declined to be evacuated. He was in charge of a light machine gun and killed a lot of people. Finally, the enemy's superior arms won out, and Singh was killed.

▪️Major Shaitan Singh, 13 Kumaon Regiment|Rezang La, Chusul sector, Ladakh|November 18, 1962: Major Singh's men were attacked by the Chinese while occupying a strategic position. He was so hurt that he told his men to leave him there. They hid him behind a boulder, where he died from his wounds.

▪️Lt. Col. A B Tarapore, 17 Poona Horse|Phillora, Sialkot, Pakistan|September 11-16, 1965: Lt. Col. Tarapore was in charge of the tank battle during the 1965 Indo-Pak war, where he was tasked with delivering the armoured thrust to capture Phillora. He was in charge of the attack on Jassoran and Butur-Dograndi. He was killed instantly.

▪️Company Quartermaster Havildar Abdul Hamid, 4 Grenadiers|Cheema, Khem Karan|September 10, 1965: When Pakistan forces assaulted Karan field, Havilar moved out with his anti-tank recoilless rifle mounted on a jeep. Hamid was killed instantly.

▪️Lance Naik Albert Ekka, 14 Guards|Gangasagar, 6 1/2km west of Agartala|December 4, 1971: During the 1971 Indo-Pak War, he was ordered to take a role. Prior to surrendering to injury, Ekka charged an adversary shelter, bayoneted the enemy troops, quieted an LMG, and heaved an explosive into an enemy bunker.

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#Defence_News #Important_notes_ssb

An in-depth list of all Param Vir Chakra Awardees in India:{3/3}

▪️Flying Officer Nirmaljit Singh Sekhon, No.18 "Flying Bullets" Squadron|Srinagar|December 14, 1971: A wave of six Sabre aircraft struck the Srinagar airfield. Before his plane crashed, Flying Officer Sekhon engaged two of the attacking Sabres and successfully damaged two of them.

▪️Second Lt. Arun Khetarpal, 17 Poona Horse, 47 Infantry Brigade| Shakargarh sector|December 16, 1971: During the 1971 war, he attacked enemy positions, captured troops, and destroyed tanks in order to create a bridgehead across a river. He died later when his tank was struck.

▪️Major Hoshiar Singh, Grenadiers Regiment| Shakargarh sector| December 17, 1971: Faced with a barrage of counter-attacks, Major Singh rushed to a machine-gun pit and manned the gun himself until the enemy withdrew. Singh refused to leave until the truce was reached.

▪️Naib Subedar Bana Singh, J&K Light Infantry|Siachen|1987: In 1987, Naib Subedar Singh led his men along a perilous path to clear the area of Pakistani infiltrators. He lobbed explosives, charged with a bayonet, and moved from trench to trench, clearing the post of all intruders.

▪️Major Ramaswamy Parameswaram, Mahar Regiment|Sri Lanka (Operation Pawan)|November 25, 1987: The column of Parameswaram was ambushed. He encircled and charged the enemy. Despite being shot in the chest, he grabbed a militant's gun and shot him in the head with it. Until his last breath, he issued orders.

▪️Captain Vikram Batra, 13 J&K Rifles|July 7, 1999: During the Kargil war, Captain Batra's Delta Company recaptured Point 5140 before overrunning enemy posts at Point 4750 and Point 4875, killing three enemy soldiers in close combat. As he attempted to save a fellow soldier, he was killed by enemy fire.

▪️Lt. Manoj Kumar Pandey, 1/11 Gorkha Rifles|July 2-3, 1999: Lt. Manoj Kumar Pandey drove intruders out of Batalik and led his men back to Jaubar Top. The battalion was stopped by enemy fire while attempting to recapture Khalubar, but Pandey surged forward through a hail of bullets, collapsing only after the last of the enemies had been killed.

▪️Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav, 18 Grenadiers|July 3-4, 1999: After being struck by three bullets, Grenadier Yadav climbed the remaining 60 feet to an enemy bunker at the top of Tiger Hill and lobbed a grenade, killing four and neutralizing enemy fire.

▪️Rifleman Sanjay Kumar, 13 J&k Rifles|July 4, 1999: Rifleman Kumar, tasked with capturing a point in Ladakh's Mushkoh Valley, climbed the ledge alone, grabbed an enemy machine gun, and killed three enemy soldiers.

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#SSB_BLOG #TAT_BLOG

Thematic Apperception Test TAT in SSB Interview{1/2}

●The TAT or Thematic Apperception Test is similar to the PPDT test but the number of pictures is more here.

●The TAT was developed during the 1930s at Harvard University's Harvard Clinic by American psychologist Henry A. Murray and lay psychoanalyst Christiana D. Morgan.

●The reason for which Morgon adopted this technique is that people tend to interpret ambiguous situations according to their own past experiences and current motivations, which may be conscious or unconscious.

●Murray argued that by asking people to tell a story about a picture, their defences would be lowered to the examiner because they would not realize the sensitive personal information they disclosed in the story.

●This was later adopted by India Armed Force for selection in the SSB Interview.

✔️What is the process of TAT?

◆The Thematic Apperception test consists of 12 slides consisting of ambiguous pictures that are shown and based on each picture the candidate is expected to write a response in the form of the story. Out of those 12 slides, 11 slides have pictures which the last slide is an empty slide where the candidate is free to write any story based on what comes to his mind.

◆The time allotted for each picture is 4 minutes and another 30 seconds are given to observe the picture.

✔️Elements of TAT story:

●Like Picture Perception & Discussion Test, the TAT test is based on similar lines but the difference here is that the picture being displayed is much more clear and there is no discussion being conducted after one writes the picture.

〰️Some essential elements of the story are:

•What led to the story
•What is happening in the story
•What is the possible outcome

◆There is also a central character in the picture which must resemble the qualities that are exhibited the candidate writing the story. He must act and behave like a normal human being & not like any supernatural being.

✔️What type of Pictures are shown in TAT?

The picture is briefly categorised into the following types:

•Reactionary Story
•Visionary Story

◆Reactionary Story:

●Reactionary stories are those stories that demand urgent resolution like an accident, fire, theft, person drowning etc. In this picture the scope of imagination is limited and a quick solution is expected from the candidates' side.

●The story written by these candidates will not vary much from candidate to candidate.

◆Visionary Story:

●Visionary stories are those stories that have no problems depicted in them and these pictures are generic in nature like two people sitting, one person talking to the group etc. These pictures are a test of one’s imagination.

●A candidate's story will give more insight into his thoughts and imagination compared to the reactionary stories. In the event of such pictures, the stories written by candidates will vary greatly.

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#SSB_BLOG #TAT_BLOG

Thematic Apperception Test TAT in SSB Interview{2/2}

✔️Why a Blank Slide in the TAT?

◆The Blank Slide in the TAT is one of the most important Slides in the TAT. It gives an insight into the thoughts of the candidates. Many candidates tend to write things that they have experienced in the past.

◆The Response of the candidate for the blank slide varies vastly from person to person.

✔️How to write an excellent TAT story:

●The TAT is one of the most crucial tests, and he must keep the following things in mind:

●The central character resembles yourself. So one needs to portray actions that are on similar lines as the Officer Like Qualities.

●As the central character resembles you, traits such as gender, age, the mood should also be similar to that of yours.

●Sometimes the story demands that the central character must have a profession or a qualification, so one needs to care a lot about these traits and should have prior knowledge of these traits.

●The story should be within 8 -12 lines and describe each and everything in a short & crisp manner.

●Observing the picture is of utmost importance as many students in a hurry overlook small details.

●Sometimes many students in writing a good story get carried away and create mistakes. Here are some blunders that you should avoid while writing the TAT story:

●The story should be practical, it should not make the central character a superhero. For eg- If a house in on fire and someone is trapped inside, the central character should not jump inside lift the person and bring him out, what he can do is the must take a cloth or blanket wrapped around him and then go inside and bring out the person trapped inside. The logical application of things would always be necessary for the representation of  OLQ.

●Many students think that writing a positive story will benefit them but one must avoid writing a negative story as long as it is not being displayed. Sometimes pictures of Morgue, dead bodies are shown on purpose. This is done to check the response of the candidate in regards to the picture.

●The assessor is not testing your domain knowledge, so don’t make stories that are fully technical, instead show traits of a real person doing some action.

●In addition to this, one must write the story in legible handwriting with no cuttings as cutting shows lack of clarity of thoughts.

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#IndiaFightsCorona - Airlift of oxygen containers, medical personnel & equipment by IAF aircraft.
https://youtu.be/RKx9SddRuh4

#Sunday_Read #Editorial_Analysis #Important_currentaffair_for_SSBinterview

Sunday Read week 3

Sub categories

1.Editorial analysis
2.Issues in news
3.Places in news
4.Infographics
5.International Affairs
6.National Affairs

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#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN

BE READY FOR "GROUP DISCUSSION" AT SHARP 10:30 AM.(10:30 AM to 11:10 AM)

The Topic will be posted at the same time.Give your valuable ideas and thoughts including facts.

Share the words with your friends and join the discussion

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#TO_ALL_LADIES_GENTLEMAN

It's advised not to send texts not pertaining to the topic of discussion in mid of GD, any hindrance will result in ban from the discussion and if any buddy try be bully, or passing vulgar comment in this group just try to ignore him/her and tag his/her message to us. We know how to deal with that kind of super humans.Hence show some Gentlemen Traits and adhere to the timings as well.

Topic will be posted at 10:30 AM sharp
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#DAILY_GD_practice

"PLEASE" READ EACH WORD PROPERLY

On April 26, Shailesh Yadav DM of Tripura, stopped a marriage ceremony for flouting Covid norms and Tripura MLAs have written to the state chief secretary demanding action against him accusing him of thrashing the priest, groom and guests and using inappropriate language.

Yadav later apologised for his actions, saying what he did was only "for the benefit and well being of people".

Keeping this incident in view

Discuss: Do you think Bureaucracy is still in Colonial Hangover ?

SUB POINTS :-

1. YES
2. NO
3. Way Forward

TRY TO GIVE YOUR POINT OF VIEW ON EACH POINT. TO UTILIZE YOUR OWN TIME IN A GAINFULL MANNER JUST PARTICIPATION SHOULD NOT BE THE PRIMARY GOAL GENTLEMAN.

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#GD_Material

Bureaucracy & Colonial Hangover

◆We have inherited the system of Civil Services from the British Raj. The system worked well for law and order maintenance and revenue collection. But it came under pressure, as public management became increasingly complex with the duties of implementing economic development programmes, and expand services in health, education, agriculture etc.

◆The system of Bureaucracy that we have is still unreformed. The guaranteed promotions and protection from penal action have made the officers increasingly unaccountable, unresponsive, and walled off from the society they pledged to serve. The recent incident is an eye opener for urgent reforms in the Civil Servants conduct and work culture.

◆If we look into the incident, it is the duty of IAS officer to implement the Government orders. And the District Magistrate, who enjoys enormous discretionary power to implement those orders and look after the law and order. 

◆By organising a wedding when the curfew was imposed, the social group violated the anti-covid rules. Hence, the violators deserve punishment. But the officer should not take the law into his hands and resort to unjustified use of force, which creates a bad precedent. People also develop negative attitude and assumptions towards officers. 

◆The IAS officers are expected to administer or lead by an example. This is not the first such incident happened, many such incidents happened earlier but some did not get media attention.

◆Bureaucrats are called change agents, who are charged with the bounden duty of national building and social welding. However, in the light of this incident, it is clear that Bureaucrats are still carrying forward the colonial (imperial) culture (hangover) of:

•treating citizens as subjects
•high-handedness- having or showing no regard for the rights, concerns, or feelings of others.
•arbitrariness in actions
•disrespectful treatment 
•apathy towards people
•being a master than a public servant
•misconduct- rude behaviour etc.

◆As observed by Max Weber, an unfettered bureaucracy is a threat to individual freedom. The actions of the Tripura DM, who is highly unbecoming as a public officer, reflect the Weber’ observation.

◆Instead of showing high-handedness and taking the law into his hands, he should have made them realize their mistake (and quarantine them for 10 days or home isolation) and disseminate a message to the public not to venture into mass gatherings in the pretext of rising covid-19 cases.

✔️It is the time to fix the steel frame.

●Many committees including the 2nd ARC recommended a change in attitude of the officers and mindset from being a master to servant. The Nolan Committee on public life has included 'leadership' as one of 7 principles of public life.

●Leadership means leading people by an example. The actions of the officer must inspire people to follow and emulate the same in day to day life. Leadership also includes the good conduct, respectable behaviour, then only followers or people follow. IAS officers are expected to be more civilized, to show composure and balanced attitude. 

●The officers must be given following training to ward off such situations:

●Sensitivity training must be given to the officers to increase individual awareness of self and others- they must be taught to show respect and treat citizens courteously. 

●Interpersonal training on how to interact effectively with the public etc. 

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#DAILY_PRACTICE #WAT_SET

1.Anchor
2.Consider
3.Whisky
4.Embedded
5.Passive
6.Generate
7.Beverage
8.Smoking
9.Restrain
10.Blunder

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