Today, let's move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

Dictionaries & Sets 🔑🧺

🔹Day 5: What is a Dictionary in Python?

A dictionary is an unordered, mutable collection that stores data in key-value pairs.

🧠 Example:

student = {
"name": "Amit",
"age": 21,
"course": "Python"
}

print(student["name"]) # Output: Amit

- Keys must be unique and immutable (like strings, numbers).
- Values can be anything: strings, numbers, lists, or even other dictionaries.


🧰 Common Dictionary Methods:

student.get("age") # Returns 21
student.keys() # Returns all keys
student.values() # Returns all values
student.items() # Returns key-value pairs
student["grade"] = "A+" # Adds a new key-value pair


🔹 What is a Set in Python?

A set is an unordered collection of unique elements.

🧠 Example :

numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 2}
print(numbers) # Output: {1, 2, 3, 4} — no duplicates

- Sets remove duplicates automatically.
- Useful for membership checks, uniqueness, and set operations (union, intersection).


✅ Real-Life Project: Contact Book using Dictionary

- Build a CLI-based contact book where users can:
- Add new contacts (name, phone)
- View all contacts
- Search by name
- Delete a contact


💡 Python Code:

contacts = {}

while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View All\n3. Search\n4. Delete\n5. Exit")
choice = input("Enter choice: ")

if choice == '1':
name = input("Name: ")
phone = input("Phone: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print("Contact saved!")

elif choice == '2':
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name} : {phone}")

elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"{name}'s phone: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")

elif choice == '4':
name = input("Enter name to delete: ")
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]
print("Deleted successfully.")
else:
print("No such contact.")

elif choice == '5':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice.")


React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz

Today, Let’s move on to the next topic in the Python Coding Challenge:

🔹Day 6: Conditionals (if, elif, else)

In Python, conditional statements allow your code to make decisions.

💡 What Are Conditionals?

They help your program execute certain code blocks only when specific conditions are true.

✅ Syntax :

if condition:
# Code runs if condition is True
elif another_condition:
# Runs if previous conditions were False, this one is True
else:
# Runs if none of the above conditions are True

🧠 Example :

age = 18

if age >= 18:
print("You’re an adult.")
elif age > 13:
print("You’re a teenager.")
else:
print("You’re a child.")

Output:

You’re an adult.


🎯 Mini Project: Guess the Number Game

Let’s build a small game using what we’ve learned so far:

Python Code

import random

number = random.randint(1, 10)
guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 10: "))

if guess == number:
print("🎉 Correct! You guessed it right.")
elif guess < number:
print("Too low! Try again.")
else:
print("Too high! Try again.")

print(f"The correct number was: {number}")


This project uses:

- if, elif, else
- User input
- Random module


React with ❤️ once you’re ready for the quiz

Today, let's start with the first topic in Python Programming Roadmap:

✅ Python Programming Basics 🐍💻

📌 Step 1: Install Python & VS Code
* Download Python 3.11+ from python.org
* During install, check ✅ Add Python to PATH
* Install VS Code
* In VS Code, install the Python extension
To check:
Open terminal → Type: python --version
You should see something like: Python 3.x.x

📌 Step 2: Your First Python Program
Create a file: hello.py
Paste this code:

print("Hello, Python")

Run it in terminal: python hello.py
🧠 Python runs code top to bottom
🖨 print() displays output on the screen

📌 Step 3: Variables
Variables store values.

age = 25
name = "Deepak"
height = 5.11
print(age, name, height)

✔️ No need to declare types — Python figures it out
✔️ Use lowercase names with underscores

📌 Step 4: Data Types
* int → Whole numbers (e.g., 10)
* float → Decimals (e.g., 3.14)
* str → Text (e.g., "hello")
* bool → True / False

To check type:

x = 10
print(type(x))


📌 Step 5: Input & Output
Take input from user:
python
name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello", name)


Convert string input to number:

age = int(input("Enter age: "))
print("Next year you'll be", age + 1)


📌 Step 6: Arithmetic Operators

a = 10
b = 3
print(a + b) # Add
print(a - b) # Subtract
print(a * b) # Multiply
print(a / b) # Divide
print(a // b) # Floor division
print(a % b) # Remainder


📌 Step 7: String Operations

first = "Data"
second = "Analyst"
print(first + " " + second) # Concatenate
print("Hi " * 3) # Repeat
print(len(first)) # Length


📌 Step 8: Practice Programs
1️⃣ Simple Calculator
→ Input 2 numbers, show sum, difference, product, division

2️⃣ Temperature Converter
→ Input Celsius, convert to Fahrenheit
F = (C * 9/5) + 32

3️⃣ Age After 5 Years
→ Input current age, print age after 5 years


Here is the detailed code for each project:

📌 Project 1. Simple Calculator

num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))

print("Addition:", num1 + num2)
print("Subtraction:", num1 - num2)
print("Multiplication:", num1 * num2)

if num2 != 0:
print("Division:", num1 / num2)
else:
print("Division not possible")


📌 Project 2. Temperature Converter (Celsius to Fahrenheit)

celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9 / 5) + 32
print("Temperature in Fahrenheit:", fahrenheit)


📌 Project 3. Age After 5 Years

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
future_age = age + 5
print("Your age after 5 years:", future_age)


🎁 Bonus Practice – Area of a Rectangle

length = float(input("Enter length: "))
width = float(input("Enter width: "))
area = length * width
print("Area of rectangle:", area)


💡Useful Tips
* Run each program
* Change input values
* Break it on purpose and fix it

🧠 Daily Rule:
* Code at least 60 mins
* Type every line manually
* Don’t copy-paste — build muscle memory

I have decided to give some quizzes after this post to test your knowledge

Now, let's move to the next topic in Python Programming Roadmap:

✅ Python Control Flow Part 1: if, elif, else 🧠💻

What is Control Flow?
👉 Your code makes decisions
👉 Runs only when conditions are met

* Each condition is True or False
* Python checks from top to bottom

🔹 Basic if statement
python
age = 20
if age >= 18:
print("You are eligible to vote")

▶️ Checks if age is 18 or more. Prints "You are eligible to vote"

🔹 if-else example
python
age = 16
if age >= 18:
print("Eligible to vote")
else:
print("Not eligible")

▶️ Age is 16, so it prints "Not eligible"

🔹 elif for multiple conditions
python
marks = 72
if marks >= 90:
print("Grade A")
elif marks >= 75:
print("Grade B")
elif marks >= 60:
print("Grade C")
else:
print("Fail")

▶️ Marks = 72, so it matches >= 60 and prints "Grade C"

🔹 Comparison Operators
python
a = 10
b = 20
if a != b:
print("Values are different")

▶️ Since 10 ≠ 20, it prints "Values are different"

🔹 Logical Operators
python
age = 25
has_id = True
if age >= 18 and has_id:
print("Entry allowed")

▶️ Both conditions are True → prints "Entry allowed"

⚠️ Common Mistakes:
* Using = instead of ==
* Bad indentation
* Comparing incompatible data types

📌 Mini Project – Age Category Checker
python
age = int(input("Enter age: "))

if age < 13:
print("Child")
elif age <= 19:
print("Teen")
else:
print("Adult")

▶️ Takes age as input and prints the category


📝 Practice Tasks:
1. Check if a number is even or odd
2. Check if number is +ve, -ve, or 0
3. Print the larger of two numbers
4. Check if a year is leap year

✅ Practice Task Solutions – Try it yourself first 👇

1️⃣ Check if a number is even or odd
python
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Even number")
else:
print("Odd number")

▶️ % gives remainder. If remainder is 0, it's even.


2️⃣ Check if number is positive, negative, or zero
python
num = float(input("Enter a number: "))
if num > 0:
print("Positive number")
elif num < 0:
print("Negative number")
else:
print("Zero")

▶️ Uses > and < to check sign of number.


3️⃣ Print the larger of two numbers
python
a = int(input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(input("Enter second number: "))

if a > b:
print("Larger number is:", a)
elif b > a:
print("Larger number is:", b)
else:
print("Both are equal")

▶️ Compares a and b and prints the larger one.


4️⃣ Check if a year is leap year
python
year = int(input("Enter a year: "))
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):
print("Leap year")
else:
print("Not a leap year")

▶️ Follows leap year rules:
- Divisible by 4 ✅
- But not divisible by 100 ❌
- Unless also divisible by 400 ✅


📅 Daily Rule:
✅ Code 60 mins
✅ Run every example
✅ Change inputs and observe output