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SMW Services:
HTTP Methods
HTTP methods indicate the action that the client wishes to perform on the web server resource.
Common HTTP methods are:
HTTP Method
Description
GET
The client requests a resource on the web server.
POST
The client submits data to a resource on the web server.
PUT
The client replaces a resource on the web server.
DELETE
The client deletes a resource on the web server.
HTTP Status Codes
The first digit of an HTTP status code indicates the category of the response: Information, Successful, Redirection, Client Error or Server Error.
The common status codes you'll encounter for each category are:
1XX Informational
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
100
Continue
The server received the request headers and should continue to send the request body.
101
Switching Protocols
The client has requested the server to switch protocols and the server has agreed to do so.
2XX Successful
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
200
OK
Standard response returned by the server to indicate it successfully processed the request.
201
Created
The server successfully processed the request and a resource was created.
202
Accepted
The server accepted the request for processing but the processing has not yet been completed.
204
No Content
The server successfully processed the request but is not returning any content.
3XX Redirection
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
301
Moved Permanently
This request and all future requests should be sent to the returned location.
302
Found
This request should be sent to the returned location.
4XX Client Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
400
Bad Request
The server cannot process the request due to a client error, e.g., invalid request or transmitted data is too large.
401
Unauthorized
The client making the request is unauthorized and should authenticate.
403
Forbidden
The request was valid but the server is refusing to process it. This is usually returned due to the client having insufficient permissions for the website, e.g., requesting an administrator action but the user is not an administrator.
404
Not Found
The server did not find the requested resource.
405
Method Not Allowed
The web server does not support the HTTP method used.
5XX Server Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
500
Internal Server Error
A generic error status code given when an unexpected error or condition occurred while processing the request.
502
Bad Gateway
The web server received an invalid response from the Application Server.
503
Service Unavailable
The web server cannot process the request.
HTTP examples
This reading explores the contents of HTTP requests and responses in more depth.
Request Line
Every HTTP request begins with the request line.
This consists of the HTTP method, the requested resource and the HTTP protocol version.
GET /home.html HTTP/1.1
In this example, GET is the HTTP method, /home.html is the resource requested and HTTP 1.1 is the protocol used.
HTTP Methods
HTTP methods indicate the action that the client wishes to perform on the web server resource.
Common HTTP methods are:
HTTP Method
Description
GET
The client requests a resource on the web server.
POST
The client submits data to a resource on the web server.
PUT
The client replaces a resource on the web server.
DELETE
The client deletes a resource on the web server.
HTTP Request Headers
After the request line, the HTTP headers are followed by a line break.
There are various possibilities when including an HTTP header in the HTTP request. A header is a case-insensitive name followed by a: and then followed by a value.
Common headers are:
5
Host: example.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:50.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/50.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
Content-type: text/json
The Host header specifies the host of the server and indicates where the resource is requested from.
HTTP Methods
HTTP methods indicate the action that the client wishes to perform on the web server resource.
Common HTTP methods are:
HTTP Method
Description
GET
The client requests a resource on the web server.
POST
The client submits data to a resource on the web server.
PUT
The client replaces a resource on the web server.
DELETE
The client deletes a resource on the web server.
HTTP Status Codes
The first digit of an HTTP status code indicates the category of the response: Information, Successful, Redirection, Client Error or Server Error.
The common status codes you'll encounter for each category are:
1XX Informational
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
100
Continue
The server received the request headers and should continue to send the request body.
101
Switching Protocols
The client has requested the server to switch protocols and the server has agreed to do so.
2XX Successful
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
200
OK
Standard response returned by the server to indicate it successfully processed the request.
201
Created
The server successfully processed the request and a resource was created.
202
Accepted
The server accepted the request for processing but the processing has not yet been completed.
204
No Content
The server successfully processed the request but is not returning any content.
3XX Redirection
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
301
Moved Permanently
This request and all future requests should be sent to the returned location.
302
Found
This request should be sent to the returned location.
4XX Client Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
400
Bad Request
The server cannot process the request due to a client error, e.g., invalid request or transmitted data is too large.
401
Unauthorized
The client making the request is unauthorized and should authenticate.
403
Forbidden
The request was valid but the server is refusing to process it. This is usually returned due to the client having insufficient permissions for the website, e.g., requesting an administrator action but the user is not an administrator.
404
Not Found
The server did not find the requested resource.
405
Method Not Allowed
The web server does not support the HTTP method used.
5XX Server Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
500
Internal Server Error
A generic error status code given when an unexpected error or condition occurred while processing the request.
502
Bad Gateway
The web server received an invalid response from the Application Server.
503
Service Unavailable
The web server cannot process the request.
HTTP examples
This reading explores the contents of HTTP requests and responses in more depth.
Request Line
Every HTTP request begins with the request line.
This consists of the HTTP method, the requested resource and the HTTP protocol version.
GET /home.html HTTP/1.1
In this example, GET is the HTTP method, /home.html is the resource requested and HTTP 1.1 is the protocol used.
HTTP Methods
HTTP methods indicate the action that the client wishes to perform on the web server resource.
Common HTTP methods are:
HTTP Method
Description
GET
The client requests a resource on the web server.
POST
The client submits data to a resource on the web server.
PUT
The client replaces a resource on the web server.
DELETE
The client deletes a resource on the web server.
HTTP Request Headers
After the request line, the HTTP headers are followed by a line break.
There are various possibilities when including an HTTP header in the HTTP request. A header is a case-insensitive name followed by a: and then followed by a value.
Common headers are:
5
Host: example.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:50.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/50.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
Content-type: text/json
The Host header specifies the host of the server and indicates where the resource is requested from.
MDN Web Docs
Overview of HTTP - HTTP | MDN
HTTP is a protocol for fetching resources such as HTML documents.
It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web and it is a client-server protocol, which means requests are initiated by the recipient, usually the Web browser.
A complete document isโฆ
It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web and it is a client-server protocol, which means requests are initiated by the recipient, usually the Web browser.
A complete document isโฆ
The User-Agent header informs the web server of the application that is making the request. It often includes the operating system (Windows, Mac, Linux), version and application vendor.
The Accept header informs the web server what type of content the client will accept as the response.
The Accept-Language header indicates the language and optionally the locale that the client prefers.
The Content-type header indicates the type of content being transmitted in the request body.
HTTP Request Body
HTTP requests can optionally include a request body. A request body is often included when using the HTTP POST and PUT methods to transmit data.
8
POST /users HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
{
"key1":"value1",
"key2":"value2",
"array1":["value3","value4"]
}
5
PUT /users/1 HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Content-type: text/json
{"key1":"value1"}
HTTP Responses
When the web server is finished processing the HTTP request, it will send back an HTTP response.
The first line of the response is the status line. This line shows the client if the request was successful or if an error occurred.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
The line begins with the HTTP protocol version, followed by the status code and a reason phrase. The reason phrase is a textual representation of the status code.
HTTP Status Codes
The first digit of an HTTP status code indicates the category of the response: Information, Successful, Redirection, Client Error or Server Error.
The common status codes you'll encounter for each category are:
1XX Informational
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
100
Continue
The server received the request headers and should continue to send the request body.
101
Switching Protocols
The client has requested the server to switch protocols and the server has agreed to do so.
2XX Successful
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
200
OK
Standard response returned by the server to indicate it successfully processed the request.
201
Created
The server successfully processed the request and a resource was created.
202
Accepted
The server accepted the request for processing but the processing has not yet been completed.
204
No Content
The server successfully processed the request but is not returning any content.
3XX Redirection
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
301
Moved Permanently
This request and all future requests should be sent to the returned location.
302
Found
This request should be sent to the returned location.
4XX Client Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
400
Bad Request
The server cannot process the request due to a client error, e.g., invalid request or transmitted data is too large.
401
Unauthorized
The client making the request is unauthorized and should authenticate.
403
Forbidden
The request was valid but the server is refusing to process it. This is usually returned due to the client having insufficient permissions for the website, e.g., requesting an administrator action but the user is not an administrator.
404
Not Found
The server did not find the requested resource.
405
Method Not Allowed
The web server does not support the HTTP method used.
5XX Server Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
500
Internal Server Error
A generic error status code given when an unexpected error or condition occurred while processing the request.
502
Bad Gateway
The web server received an invalid response from the Application Server.
503
Service Unavailable
The web server cannot process the request.
HTTP Response Headers
Following the status line, there are optional HTTP response headers followed by a line break.
Similar to the request headers, there are many possible HTTP headers that can be included in the HTTP response.
Common response headers are:
1234
Date: Fri, 11 Feb 2022 15:00:00 GMT+2
Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Linux)
Content-Length: 84
Content-Type: text/html
The Date header specifies the date and time the HTTP response was generated.
The Server header describes the web server software used to generate the response.
The Accept header informs the web server what type of content the client will accept as the response.
The Accept-Language header indicates the language and optionally the locale that the client prefers.
The Content-type header indicates the type of content being transmitted in the request body.
HTTP Request Body
HTTP requests can optionally include a request body. A request body is often included when using the HTTP POST and PUT methods to transmit data.
8
POST /users HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
{
"key1":"value1",
"key2":"value2",
"array1":["value3","value4"]
}
5
PUT /users/1 HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Content-type: text/json
{"key1":"value1"}
HTTP Responses
When the web server is finished processing the HTTP request, it will send back an HTTP response.
The first line of the response is the status line. This line shows the client if the request was successful or if an error occurred.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
The line begins with the HTTP protocol version, followed by the status code and a reason phrase. The reason phrase is a textual representation of the status code.
HTTP Status Codes
The first digit of an HTTP status code indicates the category of the response: Information, Successful, Redirection, Client Error or Server Error.
The common status codes you'll encounter for each category are:
1XX Informational
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
100
Continue
The server received the request headers and should continue to send the request body.
101
Switching Protocols
The client has requested the server to switch protocols and the server has agreed to do so.
2XX Successful
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
200
OK
Standard response returned by the server to indicate it successfully processed the request.
201
Created
The server successfully processed the request and a resource was created.
202
Accepted
The server accepted the request for processing but the processing has not yet been completed.
204
No Content
The server successfully processed the request but is not returning any content.
3XX Redirection
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
301
Moved Permanently
This request and all future requests should be sent to the returned location.
302
Found
This request should be sent to the returned location.
4XX Client Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
400
Bad Request
The server cannot process the request due to a client error, e.g., invalid request or transmitted data is too large.
401
Unauthorized
The client making the request is unauthorized and should authenticate.
403
Forbidden
The request was valid but the server is refusing to process it. This is usually returned due to the client having insufficient permissions for the website, e.g., requesting an administrator action but the user is not an administrator.
404
Not Found
The server did not find the requested resource.
405
Method Not Allowed
The web server does not support the HTTP method used.
5XX Server Error
Status Code
Reason Phrase
Description
500
Internal Server Error
A generic error status code given when an unexpected error or condition occurred while processing the request.
502
Bad Gateway
The web server received an invalid response from the Application Server.
503
Service Unavailable
The web server cannot process the request.
HTTP Response Headers
Following the status line, there are optional HTTP response headers followed by a line break.
Similar to the request headers, there are many possible HTTP headers that can be included in the HTTP response.
Common response headers are:
1234
Date: Fri, 11 Feb 2022 15:00:00 GMT+2
Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Linux)
Content-Length: 84
Content-Type: text/html
The Date header specifies the date and time the HTTP response was generated.
The Server header describes the web server software used to generate the response.
The Content-Length header describes the length of the response.
The Content-Type header describes the media type of the resource returned (e.g. HTML document, image, video).
Other Internet Protocols
Hypertext Transfer Protocols (HTTP) are used on top of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to transfer webpages and other content from websites.
This reading explores other protocols commonly used on the Internet.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
You've learned that computers need IP addresses to communicate with each other. When your computer connects to a network, the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol or DHCP as it is commonly known, is used to assign your computer an IP address.
Your computer communicates over User Datagram Protocol (UDP) using the protocol with a type of server called a DHCP server. The server keeps track of computers on the network and their IP addresses. It will assign your computer an IP address and respond over the protocol to let it know which IP address to use. Once your computer has an IP address, it can communicate with other computers on the network.
Domain Name System Protocol (DNS)
Your computer needs a way to know with which IP address to communicate when you visit a website in your web browser, for example, meta.com. The Domain Name System Protocol, commonly known as DNS, provides this function. Your computer then checks with the DNS server associated with the domain name and then returns the correct IP address.
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
Do you check your emails on your mobile or tablet device? Or maybe you use an email application on your computer?
Your device needs a way to download emails and manage your mailbox on the server storing your emails. This is the purpose of the Internet Message Access Protocol or IMAP.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Now that your emails are on your device, you need a way to send emails. The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, or SMTP, is used. It allows email clients to submit emails for sending via an SMTP server. You can also use it to receive emails from an email client, but IMAP is more commonly used.
Post Office Protocol (POP)
The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an older protocol used to download emails to an email client. The main difference in using POP instead of IMAP is that POP will delete the emails on the server once they have been downloaded to your local device. Although it is no longer commonly used in email clients, developers often use it to implement email automation as it is a more straightforward protocol than IMAP.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
When running your websites and web applications on the Internet, you'll need a way to transfer the files from your local computer to the server they'll run on. The standard protocol used for this is the File Transfer Protocol or FTP. FTP allows you to list, send, receive and delete files on a server. Your server must run an FTP Server and you will need an FTP Client on your local machine. You'll learn more about these in a later course.
Secure Shell Protocol (SSH)
When you start working with servers, you'll also need a way to log in and interact with the computer remotely. The most common method of doing this is using the Secure Shell Protocol, commonly referred to as SSH. Using an SSH client allows you to connect to an SSH server running on a server to perform commands on the remote computer.
All data sent over SSH is encrypted. This means that third parties cannot understand the data transmitted. Only the sending and receiving computers can understand the data.
SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
The data is transmitted insecurely when using the File Transfer Protocol. This means that third parties may understand the data that you are sending. This is not right if you transmit company files such as software and databases. To solve this, the SSH File Transfer Protocol, alternatively called the Secure File Transfer Protocol, can be used to transfer files over the SSH protocol. This ensures that the data is transmitted securely.
The Content-Type header describes the media type of the resource returned (e.g. HTML document, image, video).
Other Internet Protocols
Hypertext Transfer Protocols (HTTP) are used on top of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to transfer webpages and other content from websites.
This reading explores other protocols commonly used on the Internet.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
You've learned that computers need IP addresses to communicate with each other. When your computer connects to a network, the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol or DHCP as it is commonly known, is used to assign your computer an IP address.
Your computer communicates over User Datagram Protocol (UDP) using the protocol with a type of server called a DHCP server. The server keeps track of computers on the network and their IP addresses. It will assign your computer an IP address and respond over the protocol to let it know which IP address to use. Once your computer has an IP address, it can communicate with other computers on the network.
Domain Name System Protocol (DNS)
Your computer needs a way to know with which IP address to communicate when you visit a website in your web browser, for example, meta.com. The Domain Name System Protocol, commonly known as DNS, provides this function. Your computer then checks with the DNS server associated with the domain name and then returns the correct IP address.
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
Do you check your emails on your mobile or tablet device? Or maybe you use an email application on your computer?
Your device needs a way to download emails and manage your mailbox on the server storing your emails. This is the purpose of the Internet Message Access Protocol or IMAP.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Now that your emails are on your device, you need a way to send emails. The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, or SMTP, is used. It allows email clients to submit emails for sending via an SMTP server. You can also use it to receive emails from an email client, but IMAP is more commonly used.
Post Office Protocol (POP)
The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an older protocol used to download emails to an email client. The main difference in using POP instead of IMAP is that POP will delete the emails on the server once they have been downloaded to your local device. Although it is no longer commonly used in email clients, developers often use it to implement email automation as it is a more straightforward protocol than IMAP.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
When running your websites and web applications on the Internet, you'll need a way to transfer the files from your local computer to the server they'll run on. The standard protocol used for this is the File Transfer Protocol or FTP. FTP allows you to list, send, receive and delete files on a server. Your server must run an FTP Server and you will need an FTP Client on your local machine. You'll learn more about these in a later course.
Secure Shell Protocol (SSH)
When you start working with servers, you'll also need a way to log in and interact with the computer remotely. The most common method of doing this is using the Secure Shell Protocol, commonly referred to as SSH. Using an SSH client allows you to connect to an SSH server running on a server to perform commands on the remote computer.
All data sent over SSH is encrypted. This means that third parties cannot understand the data transmitted. Only the sending and receiving computers can understand the data.
SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
The data is transmitted insecurely when using the File Transfer Protocol. This means that third parties may understand the data that you are sending. This is not right if you transmit company files such as software and databases. To solve this, the SSH File Transfer Protocol, alternatively called the Secure File Transfer Protocol, can be used to transfer files over the SSH protocol. This ensures that the data is transmitted securely.
Most FTP clients also support the SFTP protocol.
Web and Internet quiz
answer this question
1.
Question 1
Which of the following can be done using the developer tools in your browser? Select all that apply.
1 point
Inspect the HTML elements of a web page.
Check JavaScript error logs.
Inspect a timeline of HTTP requests and responses.
Upload images to the web server
Inspect the performance and memory usage of a webpage.
2.
Question 2
In software development, a library provides _____.
1 point
Reusable pieces of code that can be used by your application.
A structure for developers to build an application with.
3.
Question 3
In software development, an API is _____.
1 point
a set of functions that an application component or service can provide.
a text editor to write code with.
4.
Question 4
Which of the following are benefits of using an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as Visual Studio Code? Select all that apply.
1 point
Syntax Highlighting
Error Highlighting
Autocomplete
Autodelete
IntelliSense
Knowledge check - core Internet Technologies
Web Development Quiz
Here is a list of resources that may be helpful as you continue your learning journey.
HTTP Overview (Mozilla)
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Overview
Introduction to Networking by Dr.Charles R Severance
https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Networking-How-Internet-Works/dp/1511654945/
Chrome Developer Tools Overview (Google)
https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools/overview/
Firefox Developer Tools User Docs (Mozilla)
https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/devtools-user/index.html
Getting Started with Visual Studio Code (Microsoft)
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs
Additional resources
Learn more
Here is a list of resources that may be helpful as you continue your learning journey.
CSS Reference (Mozilla)
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference
HTML and CSS: Design and build websites by Jon Duckett
https://www.amazon.com/HTML-CSS-Design-Build-Websites/dp/1118008189/
CSS Definitive Guide by Eric Meyer
https://www.amazon.com/CSS-Definitive-Guide-Visual-Presentation/dp/1449393195/
There are media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification. What do they allow developers to query in order to conditionally apply CSS rules? Choose all that apply.
Orientation
Correct
Thatโs correct! The media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification that allows developers to query display size, orientation and aspect ratio.
Display Size
Correct
Thatโs correct! The media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification that allows developers to query display size, orientation and aspect ratio.
Display Brightness
Aspect Ratio
Correct
Thatโs correct! The media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification that allows developers to query display size, orientation and aspect ratio.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is often described as a way to "build fast, responsive sites" and it is a "feature-packed, powerful, and extensible frontend toolkit".
Some people refer to it as a "front-end" framework, and some are trying to be more specific by referring to it as a "CSS framework" or a โCSS libraryโ.
So, what is Bootstrap?
Simply put, Bootstrap is a library of CSS and JavaScript code that you can combine to quickly build visually appealing websites.
Modern web development is all about components. Small pieces of reusable code that allow you to build websites quickly. Bootstrap comes with multiple components for very fast construction of multiple components, or parts of components.
Another important aspect of modern development is responsive grids which allow web pages to adapt their layout and content depending on the device in which they are viewed. Bootstrap comes with a pre-made set of CSS rules for building a responsive grid.
Web and Internet quiz
answer this question
1.
Question 1
Which of the following can be done using the developer tools in your browser? Select all that apply.
1 point
Inspect the HTML elements of a web page.
Check JavaScript error logs.
Inspect a timeline of HTTP requests and responses.
Upload images to the web server
Inspect the performance and memory usage of a webpage.
2.
Question 2
In software development, a library provides _____.
1 point
Reusable pieces of code that can be used by your application.
A structure for developers to build an application with.
3.
Question 3
In software development, an API is _____.
1 point
a set of functions that an application component or service can provide.
a text editor to write code with.
4.
Question 4
Which of the following are benefits of using an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as Visual Studio Code? Select all that apply.
1 point
Syntax Highlighting
Error Highlighting
Autocomplete
Autodelete
IntelliSense
Knowledge check - core Internet Technologies
Web Development Quiz
Here is a list of resources that may be helpful as you continue your learning journey.
HTTP Overview (Mozilla)
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Overview
Introduction to Networking by Dr.Charles R Severance
https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Networking-How-Internet-Works/dp/1511654945/
Chrome Developer Tools Overview (Google)
https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools/overview/
Firefox Developer Tools User Docs (Mozilla)
https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/devtools-user/index.html
Getting Started with Visual Studio Code (Microsoft)
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs
Additional resources
Learn more
Here is a list of resources that may be helpful as you continue your learning journey.
CSS Reference (Mozilla)
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference
HTML and CSS: Design and build websites by Jon Duckett
https://www.amazon.com/HTML-CSS-Design-Build-Websites/dp/1118008189/
CSS Definitive Guide by Eric Meyer
https://www.amazon.com/CSS-Definitive-Guide-Visual-Presentation/dp/1449393195/
There are media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification. What do they allow developers to query in order to conditionally apply CSS rules? Choose all that apply.
Orientation
Correct
Thatโs correct! The media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification that allows developers to query display size, orientation and aspect ratio.
Display Size
Correct
Thatโs correct! The media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification that allows developers to query display size, orientation and aspect ratio.
Display Brightness
Aspect Ratio
Correct
Thatโs correct! The media queries that are a part of the CSS version 3 specification that allows developers to query display size, orientation and aspect ratio.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is often described as a way to "build fast, responsive sites" and it is a "feature-packed, powerful, and extensible frontend toolkit".
Some people refer to it as a "front-end" framework, and some are trying to be more specific by referring to it as a "CSS framework" or a โCSS libraryโ.
So, what is Bootstrap?
Simply put, Bootstrap is a library of CSS and JavaScript code that you can combine to quickly build visually appealing websites.
Modern web development is all about components. Small pieces of reusable code that allow you to build websites quickly. Bootstrap comes with multiple components for very fast construction of multiple components, or parts of components.
Another important aspect of modern development is responsive grids which allow web pages to adapt their layout and content depending on the device in which they are viewed. Bootstrap comes with a pre-made set of CSS rules for building a responsive grid.
MDN Web Docs
Overview of HTTP - HTTP | MDN
HTTP is a protocol for fetching resources such as HTML documents.
It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web and it is a client-server protocol, which means requests are initiated by the recipient, usually the Web browser.
A complete document isโฆ
It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web and it is a client-server protocol, which means requests are initiated by the recipient, usually the Web browser.
A complete document isโฆ
Bootstrap is very popular amongst developers as it saves development time and provides a way for developers to build visually appealing prototypes and websites.
Bootstrap saves significant time because all the CSS code that styles its grid and pre-built components is already written. Instead of having to have a high level of expertise in various CSS concepts, you can just use the existing Bootstrap CSS classes to produce nicely-looking websites. This is indispensable when you need to quickly iterate on website layouts.
Once you know how Bootstrap works, youโll have enough knowledge to tweak its styling and a whole new world of development opens up to you.
Since Bootstrap is so popular, understanding how to work with it is a prerequisite in many web development companies. Additionally, you can be safe in knowing that both you and your team members have a common design system and you don't have to spend time deciding how to build one. You are free to jump from team to team, from project to project, even from one company to another, and you don't need to re-learn "their way of doing things".
All of these points make investing time to learn Bootstrap a great way to boost your web development skills. In this lesson, youโll be introduced to the core concepts of Bootstrap and learn how to build web pages using it.
Additional Resources
Bootstrap Official Website
https://getbootstrap.com/
Bootstrap 5 Foundations by Daniel Foreman
https://www.amazon.com/Bootstrap-Foundations-Mr-Daniel-Foreman/dp/B0948GRS8W/
Responsive Web Design with HTML5 and CSS by Ben Frain
https://www.amazon.com/Responsive-Web-Design-HTML5-CSS/dp/1839211563/
Bootstrap Themes
https://themes.getbootstrap.com/
using bootsrap documentation
other css framworks and libraries
You are developing a SPA, or Single Page Application. Why is it beneficial to use React during your development? Choose all that apply from the list below.
Re-use components.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Write less code to implement functionality in a web browser.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Maintain code in the long term.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Simplify testing.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Case Study: Why did Facebook engineers create React?
There are a lot of JavaScript Model-View-Controller (MVC) frameworks out there. Why did we build React and why would you want to use it?
React isnโt an MVC framework.
React is a library for building composable user interfaces. It encourages the creation of reusable UI components which present data that changes over time.
React doesnโt use templates.
Traditionally, web application UIs are built using templates or HTML directives. These templates dictate the full set of abstractions that you are allowed to use to build your UI.
React approaches building user interfaces differently by breaking them into components. This means React uses a real, full-featured programming language to render views, which we see as an advantage over templates for a few reasons:
JavaScript is a flexible, powerful programming language with the ability to build abstractions. This is incredibly important in large applications.
Bootstrap saves significant time because all the CSS code that styles its grid and pre-built components is already written. Instead of having to have a high level of expertise in various CSS concepts, you can just use the existing Bootstrap CSS classes to produce nicely-looking websites. This is indispensable when you need to quickly iterate on website layouts.
Once you know how Bootstrap works, youโll have enough knowledge to tweak its styling and a whole new world of development opens up to you.
Since Bootstrap is so popular, understanding how to work with it is a prerequisite in many web development companies. Additionally, you can be safe in knowing that both you and your team members have a common design system and you don't have to spend time deciding how to build one. You are free to jump from team to team, from project to project, even from one company to another, and you don't need to re-learn "their way of doing things".
All of these points make investing time to learn Bootstrap a great way to boost your web development skills. In this lesson, youโll be introduced to the core concepts of Bootstrap and learn how to build web pages using it.
Additional Resources
Bootstrap Official Website
https://getbootstrap.com/
Bootstrap 5 Foundations by Daniel Foreman
https://www.amazon.com/Bootstrap-Foundations-Mr-Daniel-Foreman/dp/B0948GRS8W/
Responsive Web Design with HTML5 and CSS by Ben Frain
https://www.amazon.com/Responsive-Web-Design-HTML5-CSS/dp/1839211563/
Bootstrap Themes
https://themes.getbootstrap.com/
using bootsrap documentation
other css framworks and libraries
You are developing a SPA, or Single Page Application. Why is it beneficial to use React during your development? Choose all that apply from the list below.
Re-use components.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Write less code to implement functionality in a web browser.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Maintain code in the long term.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Simplify testing.
Correct
Correct! React allows developers to write less code to implement functionality in a web browser, it helps them maintain code in the long term and simplifies testing, and it also allows developers to re-use components when building their applications.
Case Study: Why did Facebook engineers create React?
There are a lot of JavaScript Model-View-Controller (MVC) frameworks out there. Why did we build React and why would you want to use it?
React isnโt an MVC framework.
React is a library for building composable user interfaces. It encourages the creation of reusable UI components which present data that changes over time.
React doesnโt use templates.
Traditionally, web application UIs are built using templates or HTML directives. These templates dictate the full set of abstractions that you are allowed to use to build your UI.
React approaches building user interfaces differently by breaking them into components. This means React uses a real, full-featured programming language to render views, which we see as an advantage over templates for a few reasons:
JavaScript is a flexible, powerful programming language with the ability to build abstractions. This is incredibly important in large applications.
Getbootstrap
Powerful, extensible, and feature-packed frontend toolkit. Build and customize with Sass, utilize prebuilt grid system and components, and bring projects to life with powerful JavaScript plugins.
By unifying your markup with its corresponding view logic, React can actually make views easier to extend and maintain.
By baking an understanding of markup and content into JavaScript, thereโs no manual string concatenation and therefore less surface area for XSS vulnerabilities.
Weโve also created
JSX
, an optional syntax extension, in case you prefer the readability of HTML to raw JavaScript.
React updates are dead simple.
React really shines when your data changes over time.
In a traditional JavaScript application, you need to look at what data changed and imperatively make changes to the DOM to keep it up-to-date. Even AngularJS, which provides a declarative interface via directives and data binding
requires a linking function to manually update DOM nodes
.
React takes a different approach.
When your component is first initialized, the render method is called, generating a lightweight representation of your view. From that representation, a string of markup is produced and injected into the document. When your data changes, the render method is called again. In order to perform updates as efficiently as possible, we diff the return value from the previous call to render with the new one and generate a minimal set of changes to be applied to the DOM.
The data returned from render is neither a string nor a DOM node โ itโs a lightweight description of what the DOM should look like.
We call this process reconciliation. Check out
this jsFiddle
to see an example of reconciliation in action.
Because this re-render is so fast (around 1ms for TodoMVC), the developer doesnโt need to explicitly specify data bindings. Weโve found this approach makes it easier to build apps.
HTML is just the beginning.
Because React has its own lightweight representation of the document, we can do some pretty cool things with it:
Facebook has dynamic charts that render to <canvas> instead of HTML.
Instagram is a โsingle pageโ web app built entirely with React and Backbone.Router. Designers regularly contribute React code with JSX.
Weโve built internal prototypes that run React apps in a web worker and use React to drive native iOS views via an Objective-C bridge.
You can run React on the server for SEO, performance, code sharing and overall flexibility.
Events behave in a consistent, standards-compliant way in all browsers (including IE8) and automatically use event delegation.
Head on over to
https://reactjs.org
to check out what we have built.
A and B are two alloys of gold and copper prepared by mixing metals in the
ratios 7 : 2 and 7 :11 respectively. If equal quantities of the alloys are melted to
form a third alloy C, the ratio of gold and copper in C will be
ANSWER:
Certainly! To find the ratio of gold to copper in the resulting alloy C when equal quantities of alloys A and B are melted together, you can use the method of weighted averages based on the ratios of gold to copper in each alloy.
Alloy A has a ratio of gold to copper as 7 : 2, and alloy B has a ratio of gold to copper as 7 : 11.
First, find the amounts of gold and copper in the two original alloys A and B:
- For Alloy A:
- Gold content = 7 parts
- Copper content = 2 parts
- For Alloy B:
- Gold content = 7 parts
- Copper content = 11 parts
When equal quantities of these alloys are mixed, let's assume that the total quantity of each metal (gold and copper) in the resulting alloy C will be the sum of the quantities from A and B.
Gold in C = Gold in A + Gold in B
Copper in C = Copper in A + Copper in B
Gold in C = (7 parts from A) + (7 parts from B) = 14 parts
Copper in C = (2 parts from A) + (11 parts from B) = 13 parts
Therefore, the ratio of gold to copper in the resulting alloy C will be 14 : 13.
The ratio 14 : 13 represents the proportion of gold to copper in the final alloy C when equal quantities of alloys A and B are melted together.
CHATGPT Prompts For Different Use Case
But, most people struggle to figure out how to use it. If you're one of those people...
Here are 10 prompts that will help get you started:
By baking an understanding of markup and content into JavaScript, thereโs no manual string concatenation and therefore less surface area for XSS vulnerabilities.
Weโve also created
JSX
, an optional syntax extension, in case you prefer the readability of HTML to raw JavaScript.
React updates are dead simple.
React really shines when your data changes over time.
In a traditional JavaScript application, you need to look at what data changed and imperatively make changes to the DOM to keep it up-to-date. Even AngularJS, which provides a declarative interface via directives and data binding
requires a linking function to manually update DOM nodes
.
React takes a different approach.
When your component is first initialized, the render method is called, generating a lightweight representation of your view. From that representation, a string of markup is produced and injected into the document. When your data changes, the render method is called again. In order to perform updates as efficiently as possible, we diff the return value from the previous call to render with the new one and generate a minimal set of changes to be applied to the DOM.
The data returned from render is neither a string nor a DOM node โ itโs a lightweight description of what the DOM should look like.
We call this process reconciliation. Check out
this jsFiddle
to see an example of reconciliation in action.
Because this re-render is so fast (around 1ms for TodoMVC), the developer doesnโt need to explicitly specify data bindings. Weโve found this approach makes it easier to build apps.
HTML is just the beginning.
Because React has its own lightweight representation of the document, we can do some pretty cool things with it:
Facebook has dynamic charts that render to <canvas> instead of HTML.
Instagram is a โsingle pageโ web app built entirely with React and Backbone.Router. Designers regularly contribute React code with JSX.
Weโve built internal prototypes that run React apps in a web worker and use React to drive native iOS views via an Objective-C bridge.
You can run React on the server for SEO, performance, code sharing and overall flexibility.
Events behave in a consistent, standards-compliant way in all browsers (including IE8) and automatically use event delegation.
Head on over to
https://reactjs.org
to check out what we have built.
A and B are two alloys of gold and copper prepared by mixing metals in the
ratios 7 : 2 and 7 :11 respectively. If equal quantities of the alloys are melted to
form a third alloy C, the ratio of gold and copper in C will be
ANSWER:
Certainly! To find the ratio of gold to copper in the resulting alloy C when equal quantities of alloys A and B are melted together, you can use the method of weighted averages based on the ratios of gold to copper in each alloy.
Alloy A has a ratio of gold to copper as 7 : 2, and alloy B has a ratio of gold to copper as 7 : 11.
First, find the amounts of gold and copper in the two original alloys A and B:
- For Alloy A:
- Gold content = 7 parts
- Copper content = 2 parts
- For Alloy B:
- Gold content = 7 parts
- Copper content = 11 parts
When equal quantities of these alloys are mixed, let's assume that the total quantity of each metal (gold and copper) in the resulting alloy C will be the sum of the quantities from A and B.
Gold in C = Gold in A + Gold in B
Copper in C = Copper in A + Copper in B
Gold in C = (7 parts from A) + (7 parts from B) = 14 parts
Copper in C = (2 parts from A) + (11 parts from B) = 13 parts
Therefore, the ratio of gold to copper in the resulting alloy C will be 14 : 13.
The ratio 14 : 13 represents the proportion of gold to copper in the final alloy C when equal quantities of alloys A and B are melted together.
CHATGPT Prompts For Different Use Case
But, most people struggle to figure out how to use it. If you're one of those people...
Here are 10 prompts that will help get you started:
react.dev
React is the library for web and native user interfaces. Build user interfaces out of individual pieces called components written in JavaScript. React is designed to let you seamlessly combine components written by independent people, teams, and organizations.
1st. Train ChatGPT to Generate Prompts for you.
Use this prompt: "I'm new to using ChatGPT and I am a [insert your profession]. Generate a list of the 10 best prompts that will help me be more productive."
2. Improve your writing by getting specific feedback.
Prompt: [paste your writing]
"Proofread my writing above. Fix grammar and spelling mistakes. And make suggestions that will improve the clarity of my writing"
3. Create a winning resume to help you land your next job.
Prompt: Analyze my professional details below and create a persuasive resume that will help me get the job of [enter job details]: [Enter your professional details]
4. Accelerate your learning with the 80/20 principle:
Prompt: "I want to learn about [insert topic]. Identify and share the most important 20% of learnings from this topic that will help me understand 80% of it."
5. Learn and develop any new skill.
Prompt: "I want to learn/get better at [insert desired skill]. I am a complete beginner. Create a 30-day learning plan that will help a beginner like me learn and improve this skill."
6. Save time by summarizing long texts and documents.
Prompt: "Summarize the text below and give me a list of bullet points with key insights and the most important facts." [insert text
7. Use stories and metaphors to aid your memory.
Prompt: "I am currently learning about [insert topic]. Convert the key lessons from this topic into engaging stories and metaphors to aid my memorization."
8. Accelerate your career by learning from the best.
Prompt: "Analyze the top performers in [insert your field of work]. Give me a list of the most important lessons I can learn from these top performers to boost my productivity."
9. Understand things faster by simplifying complex texts.
Prompt: "Rewrite the text below and make it easy for a beginner to understand". [insert text]
10. Ask ChatGPT to help you become better at using ChatGPT.
Prompt: "Create a beginner's guide to using ChatGPT. Topics should include prompts, priming, and personas. Include examples. The guide should be no longer than 500 words."
#ChatGPT
#Prompts
โโโโโโโโโโ
Use this prompt: "I'm new to using ChatGPT and I am a [insert your profession]. Generate a list of the 10 best prompts that will help me be more productive."
2. Improve your writing by getting specific feedback.
Prompt: [paste your writing]
"Proofread my writing above. Fix grammar and spelling mistakes. And make suggestions that will improve the clarity of my writing"
3. Create a winning resume to help you land your next job.
Prompt: Analyze my professional details below and create a persuasive resume that will help me get the job of [enter job details]: [Enter your professional details]
4. Accelerate your learning with the 80/20 principle:
Prompt: "I want to learn about [insert topic]. Identify and share the most important 20% of learnings from this topic that will help me understand 80% of it."
5. Learn and develop any new skill.
Prompt: "I want to learn/get better at [insert desired skill]. I am a complete beginner. Create a 30-day learning plan that will help a beginner like me learn and improve this skill."
6. Save time by summarizing long texts and documents.
Prompt: "Summarize the text below and give me a list of bullet points with key insights and the most important facts." [insert text
7. Use stories and metaphors to aid your memory.
Prompt: "I am currently learning about [insert topic]. Convert the key lessons from this topic into engaging stories and metaphors to aid my memorization."
8. Accelerate your career by learning from the best.
Prompt: "Analyze the top performers in [insert your field of work]. Give me a list of the most important lessons I can learn from these top performers to boost my productivity."
9. Understand things faster by simplifying complex texts.
Prompt: "Rewrite the text below and make it easy for a beginner to understand". [insert text]
10. Ask ChatGPT to help you become better at using ChatGPT.
Prompt: "Create a beginner's guide to using ChatGPT. Topics should include prompts, priming, and personas. Include examples. The guide should be no longer than 500 words."
#ChatGPT
#Prompts
โโโโโโโโโโ
# Unicode Emoji
# ยฉ 2022 Unicodeยฎ, Inc.
# Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
# For terms of use, see https://www.unicode.org/terms_of_use.html
This directory contains final data files for Unicode Emoji, Version 15.0
Public/emoji/15.0/
emoji-sequences.txt
emoji-zwj-sequences.txt
emoji-test.txt
The following related files are found in the UCD for Version 15.0
Public/15.0.0/ucd/emoji/
emoji-data.txt
emoji-variation-sequences.txt
For documentation, see UTS #51 Unicode Emoji, Version 15.0
# ยฉ 2022 Unicodeยฎ, Inc.
# Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
# For terms of use, see https://www.unicode.org/terms_of_use.html
This directory contains final data files for Unicode Emoji, Version 15.0
Public/emoji/15.0/
emoji-sequences.txt
emoji-zwj-sequences.txt
emoji-test.txt
The following related files are found in the UCD for Version 15.0
Public/15.0.0/ucd/emoji/
emoji-data.txt
emoji-variation-sequences.txt
For documentation, see UTS #51 Unicode Emoji, Version 15.0
# emoji-sequences.txt
# Date: 2022-08-15, 23:13:41 GMT
# ยฉ 2022 Unicodeยฎ, Inc.
# Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
# For terms of use, see https://www.unicode.org/terms_of_use.html
#
# Emoji Sequence Data for UTS #51
# Version: 15.0
#
# For documentation and usage, see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr51
#
# Format:
# code_point(s) ; type_field ; description # comments
# Fields:
# code_point(s): one or more code points in hex format, separated by spaces
# type_field, one of the following:
# Basic_Emoji
# Emoji_Keycap_Sequence
# RGI_Emoji_Flag_Sequence
# RGI_Emoji_Tag_Sequence
# RGI_Emoji_Modifier_Sequence
# The type_field is a convenience for parsing the emoji sequence files, and is not intended to be maintained as a property.
# short name: CLDR short name of sequence; characters may be escaped with \x{hex}.
#
# For the purpose of regular expressions, each of the type fields defines the name of
# a binary property of strings. The short name of each property is the same as the long name.
#
# For the purpose of regular expressions, the property RGI_Emoji is defined as
# a binary property of strings corresponding to ED-27 in UTS #51 Unicode Emoji.
# That is, it is the union of the above properties plus RGI_Emoji_ZWJ_Sequence,
# whose data is in emoji-zwj-sequences.txt.
# The short name of RGI_Emoji is the same as the long name.
#
# Characters and sequences are listed in code point order. Users should be shown a more natural order.
# See the CLDR collation order for Emoji.
# ================================================
# Basic_Emoji
231A..231B ; Basic_Emoji ; watch..hourglass done # E0.6 [2] (โ๏ธ..โ๏ธ)
23E9..23EC ; Basic_Emoji ; fast-forward button..fast down button # E0.6 [4] (โฉ..โฌ)
23F0 ; Basic_Emoji ; alarm clock # E0.6 [1] (โฐ)
23F3 ; Basic_Emoji ; hourglass not done # E0.6 [1] (โณ)
25FD..25FE ; Basic_Emoji ; white medium-small square..black medium-small square # E0.6 [2] (โฝ๏ธ..โพ๏ธ)
2614..2615 ; Basic_Emoji ; umbrella with rain drops..hot beverage # E0.6 [2] (โ๏ธ..โ๏ธ)
2648..2653 ; Basic_Emoji ; Aries..Pisces # E0.6 [12] (โ๏ธ..โ๏ธ)
267F ; Basic_Emoji ; wheelchair symbol # E0.6 [1] (โฟ๏ธ)
2693 ; Basic_Emoji ; anchor # E0.6 [1] (โ๏ธ)
26A1 ; Basic_Emoji ; high voltage # E0.6 [1] (โก๏ธ)
26AA..26AB ; Basic_Emoji ; white circle..black circle # E0.6 [2] (โช๏ธ..โซ๏ธ)
26BD..26BE ; Basic_Emoji ; soccer ball..baseball # E0.6 [2] (โฝ๏ธ..โพ๏ธ)
26C4..26C5 ; Basic_Emoji ; snowman without snow..sun behind cloud # E0.6 [2] (โ๏ธ..โ ๏ธ)
26CE ; Basic_Emoji ; Ophiuchus # E0.6 [1] (โ)
26D4 ; Basic_Emoji ; no entry # E0.6 [1] (โ๏ธ)
26EA ; Basic_Emoji ; church # E0.6 [1] (โช๏ธ)
26F2..26F3 ; Basic_Emoji ; fountain..flag in hole # E0.6 [2] (โฒ๏ธ..โณ๏ธ)
26F5 ; Basic_Emoji ; sailboat # E0.6 [1] (โต๏ธ)
# Date: 2022-08-15, 23:13:41 GMT
# ยฉ 2022 Unicodeยฎ, Inc.
# Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
# For terms of use, see https://www.unicode.org/terms_of_use.html
#
# Emoji Sequence Data for UTS #51
# Version: 15.0
#
# For documentation and usage, see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr51
#
# Format:
# code_point(s) ; type_field ; description # comments
# Fields:
# code_point(s): one or more code points in hex format, separated by spaces
# type_field, one of the following:
# Basic_Emoji
# Emoji_Keycap_Sequence
# RGI_Emoji_Flag_Sequence
# RGI_Emoji_Tag_Sequence
# RGI_Emoji_Modifier_Sequence
# The type_field is a convenience for parsing the emoji sequence files, and is not intended to be maintained as a property.
# short name: CLDR short name of sequence; characters may be escaped with \x{hex}.
#
# For the purpose of regular expressions, each of the type fields defines the name of
# a binary property of strings. The short name of each property is the same as the long name.
#
# For the purpose of regular expressions, the property RGI_Emoji is defined as
# a binary property of strings corresponding to ED-27 in UTS #51 Unicode Emoji.
# That is, it is the union of the above properties plus RGI_Emoji_ZWJ_Sequence,
# whose data is in emoji-zwj-sequences.txt.
# The short name of RGI_Emoji is the same as the long name.
#
# Characters and sequences are listed in code point order. Users should be shown a more natural order.
# See the CLDR collation order for Emoji.
# ================================================
# Basic_Emoji
231A..231B ; Basic_Emoji ; watch..hourglass done # E0.6 [2] (โ๏ธ..โ๏ธ)
23E9..23EC ; Basic_Emoji ; fast-forward button..fast down button # E0.6 [4] (โฉ..โฌ)
23F0 ; Basic_Emoji ; alarm clock # E0.6 [1] (โฐ)
23F3 ; Basic_Emoji ; hourglass not done # E0.6 [1] (โณ)
25FD..25FE ; Basic_Emoji ; white medium-small square..black medium-small square # E0.6 [2] (โฝ๏ธ..โพ๏ธ)
2614..2615 ; Basic_Emoji ; umbrella with rain drops..hot beverage # E0.6 [2] (โ๏ธ..โ๏ธ)
2648..2653 ; Basic_Emoji ; Aries..Pisces # E0.6 [12] (โ๏ธ..โ๏ธ)
267F ; Basic_Emoji ; wheelchair symbol # E0.6 [1] (โฟ๏ธ)
2693 ; Basic_Emoji ; anchor # E0.6 [1] (โ๏ธ)
26A1 ; Basic_Emoji ; high voltage # E0.6 [1] (โก๏ธ)
26AA..26AB ; Basic_Emoji ; white circle..black circle # E0.6 [2] (โช๏ธ..โซ๏ธ)
26BD..26BE ; Basic_Emoji ; soccer ball..baseball # E0.6 [2] (โฝ๏ธ..โพ๏ธ)
26C4..26C5 ; Basic_Emoji ; snowman without snow..sun behind cloud # E0.6 [2] (โ๏ธ..โ ๏ธ)
26CE ; Basic_Emoji ; Ophiuchus # E0.6 [1] (โ)
26D4 ; Basic_Emoji ; no entry # E0.6 [1] (โ๏ธ)
26EA ; Basic_Emoji ; church # E0.6 [1] (โช๏ธ)
26F2..26F3 ; Basic_Emoji ; fountain..flag in hole # E0.6 [2] (โฒ๏ธ..โณ๏ธ)
26F5 ; Basic_Emoji ; sailboat # E0.6 [1] (โต๏ธ)
26FA ; Basic_Emoji ; tent # E0.6 [1] (โบ๏ธ)
26FD ; Basic_Emoji ; fuel pump # E0.6 [1] (โฝ๏ธ)
2705 ; Basic_Emoji ; check mark button # E0.6 [1] (โ )
270A..270B ; Basic_Emoji ; raised fist..raised hand # E0.6 [2] (โ..โ)
2728 ; Basic_Emoji ; sparkles # E0.6 [1] (โจ)
274C ; Basic_Emoji ; cross mark # E0.6 [1] (โ)
274E ; Basic_Emoji ; cross mark button # E0.6 [1] (โ)
2753..2755 ; Basic_Emoji ; red question mark..white exclamation mark # E0.6 [3] (โ..โ)
2757 ; Basic_Emoji ; red exclamation mark # E0.6 [1] (โ๏ธ)
2795..2797 ; Basic_Emoji ; plus..divide # E0.6 [3] (โ..โ)
27B0 ; Basic_Emoji ; curly loop # E0.6 [1] (โฐ)
27BF ; Basic_Emoji ; double curly loop # E1.0 [1] (โฟ)
2B1B..2B1C ; Basic_Emoji ; black large square..white large square # E0.6 [2] (โฌ๏ธ..โฌ๏ธ)
2B50 ; Basic_Emoji ; star # E0.6 [1] (โญ๏ธ)
2B55 ; Basic_Emoji ; hollow red circle # E0.6 [1] (โญ๏ธ)
1F004 ; Basic_Emoji ; mahjong red dragon # E0.6 [1] (๐๏ธ)
1F0CF ; Basic_Emoji ; joker # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F18E ; Basic_Emoji ; AB button (blood type) # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F191..1F19A ; Basic_Emoji ; CL button..VS button # E0.6 [10] (๐..๐)
1F201 ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โhereโ button # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F21A ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โfree of chargeโ button # E0.6 [1] (๐๏ธ)
1F22F ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โreservedโ button # E0.6 [1] (๐ฏ๏ธ)
1F232..1F236 ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โprohibitedโ button..Japanese โnot free of chargeโ button#E0.6 [5] (๐ฒ..๐ถ)
1F238..1F23A ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โapplicationโ button..Japanese โopen for businessโ button#E0.6 [3] (๐ธ..๐บ)
1F250..1F251 ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โbargainโ button..Japanese โacceptableโ button # E0.6 [2] (๐..๐)
1F300..1F30C ; Basic_Emoji ; cyclone..milky way # E0.6 [13] (๐..๐)
1F30D..1F30E ; Basic_Emoji ; globe showing Europe-Africa..globe showing Americas # E0.7 [2] (๐..๐)
1F30F ; Basic_Emoji ; globe showing Asia-Australia # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F310 ; Basic_Emoji ; globe with meridians # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F311 ; Basic_Emoji ; new moon # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F312 ; Basic_Emoji ; waxing crescent moon # E1.0 [1] (๐)
26FD ; Basic_Emoji ; fuel pump # E0.6 [1] (โฝ๏ธ)
2705 ; Basic_Emoji ; check mark button # E0.6 [1] (โ )
270A..270B ; Basic_Emoji ; raised fist..raised hand # E0.6 [2] (โ..โ)
2728 ; Basic_Emoji ; sparkles # E0.6 [1] (โจ)
274C ; Basic_Emoji ; cross mark # E0.6 [1] (โ)
274E ; Basic_Emoji ; cross mark button # E0.6 [1] (โ)
2753..2755 ; Basic_Emoji ; red question mark..white exclamation mark # E0.6 [3] (โ..โ)
2757 ; Basic_Emoji ; red exclamation mark # E0.6 [1] (โ๏ธ)
2795..2797 ; Basic_Emoji ; plus..divide # E0.6 [3] (โ..โ)
27B0 ; Basic_Emoji ; curly loop # E0.6 [1] (โฐ)
27BF ; Basic_Emoji ; double curly loop # E1.0 [1] (โฟ)
2B1B..2B1C ; Basic_Emoji ; black large square..white large square # E0.6 [2] (โฌ๏ธ..โฌ๏ธ)
2B50 ; Basic_Emoji ; star # E0.6 [1] (โญ๏ธ)
2B55 ; Basic_Emoji ; hollow red circle # E0.6 [1] (โญ๏ธ)
1F004 ; Basic_Emoji ; mahjong red dragon # E0.6 [1] (๐๏ธ)
1F0CF ; Basic_Emoji ; joker # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F18E ; Basic_Emoji ; AB button (blood type) # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F191..1F19A ; Basic_Emoji ; CL button..VS button # E0.6 [10] (๐..๐)
1F201 ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โhereโ button # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F21A ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โfree of chargeโ button # E0.6 [1] (๐๏ธ)
1F22F ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โreservedโ button # E0.6 [1] (๐ฏ๏ธ)
1F232..1F236 ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โprohibitedโ button..Japanese โnot free of chargeโ button#E0.6 [5] (๐ฒ..๐ถ)
1F238..1F23A ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โapplicationโ button..Japanese โopen for businessโ button#E0.6 [3] (๐ธ..๐บ)
1F250..1F251 ; Basic_Emoji ; Japanese โbargainโ button..Japanese โacceptableโ button # E0.6 [2] (๐..๐)
1F300..1F30C ; Basic_Emoji ; cyclone..milky way # E0.6 [13] (๐..๐)
1F30D..1F30E ; Basic_Emoji ; globe showing Europe-Africa..globe showing Americas # E0.7 [2] (๐..๐)
1F30F ; Basic_Emoji ; globe showing Asia-Australia # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F310 ; Basic_Emoji ; globe with meridians # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F311 ; Basic_Emoji ; new moon # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F312 ; Basic_Emoji ; waxing crescent moon # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F313..1F315 ; Basic_Emoji ; first quarter moon..full moon # E0.6 [3] (๐..๐)
1F316..1F318 ; Basic_Emoji ; waning gibbous moon..waning crescent moon # E1.0 [3] (๐..๐)
1F319 ; Basic_Emoji ; crescent moon # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F31A ; Basic_Emoji ; new moon face # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F31B ; Basic_Emoji ; first quarter moon face # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F31C ; Basic_Emoji ; last quarter moon face # E0.7 [1] (๐)
1F31D..1F31E ; Basic_Emoji ; full moon face..sun with face # E1.0 [2] (๐..๐)
1F31F..1F320 ; Basic_Emoji ; glowing star..shooting star # E0.6 [2] (๐..๐ )
1F32D..1F32F ; Basic_Emoji ; hot dog..burrito # E1.0 [3] (๐ญ..๐ฏ)
1F330..1F331 ; Basic_Emoji ; chestnut..seedling # E0.6 [2] (๐ฐ..๐ฑ)
1F332..1F333 ; Basic_Emoji ; evergreen tree..deciduous tree # E1.0 [2] (๐ฒ..๐ณ)
1F334..1F335 ; Basic_Emoji ; palm tree..cactus # E0.6 [2] (๐ด..๐ต)
1F337..1F34A ; Basic_Emoji ; tulip..tangerine # E0.6 [20] (๐ท..๐)
1F34B ; Basic_Emoji ; lemon # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F34C..1F34F ; Basic_Emoji ; banana..green apple # E0.6 [4] (๐..๐)
1F350 ; Basic_Emoji ; pear # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F351..1F37B ; Basic_Emoji ; peach..clinking beer mugs # E0.6 [43] (๐..๐ป)
1F37C ; Basic_Emoji ; baby bottle # E1.0 [1] (๐ผ)
1F37E..1F37F ; Basic_Emoji ; bottle with popping cork..popcorn # E1.0 [2] (๐พ..๐ฟ)
1F380..1F393 ; Basic_Emoji ; ribbon..graduation cap # E0.6 [20] (๐..๐)
1F3A0..1F3C4 ; Basic_Emoji ; carousel horse..person surfing # E0.6 [37] (๐ ..๐)
1F3C5 ; Basic_Emoji ; sports medal # E1.0 [1] (๐ )
1F3C6 ; Basic_Emoji ; trophy # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F3C7 ; Basic_Emoji ; horse racing # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F3C8 ; Basic_Emoji ; american football # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F3C9 ; Basic_Emoji ; rugby football # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F3CA ; Basic_Emoji ; person swimming # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F3CF..1F3D3 ; Basic_Emoji ; cricket game..ping pong # E1.0 [5] (๐..๐)
1F3E0..1F3E3 ; Basic_Emoji ; house..Japanese post office # E0.6 [4] (๐ ..๐ฃ)
1F3E4 ; Basic_Emoji ; post office # E1.0 [1] (๐ค)
1F3E5..1F3F0 ; Basic_Emoji ; hospital..castle # E0.6 [12] (๐ฅ..๐ฐ)
1F316..1F318 ; Basic_Emoji ; waning gibbous moon..waning crescent moon # E1.0 [3] (๐..๐)
1F319 ; Basic_Emoji ; crescent moon # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F31A ; Basic_Emoji ; new moon face # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F31B ; Basic_Emoji ; first quarter moon face # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F31C ; Basic_Emoji ; last quarter moon face # E0.7 [1] (๐)
1F31D..1F31E ; Basic_Emoji ; full moon face..sun with face # E1.0 [2] (๐..๐)
1F31F..1F320 ; Basic_Emoji ; glowing star..shooting star # E0.6 [2] (๐..๐ )
1F32D..1F32F ; Basic_Emoji ; hot dog..burrito # E1.0 [3] (๐ญ..๐ฏ)
1F330..1F331 ; Basic_Emoji ; chestnut..seedling # E0.6 [2] (๐ฐ..๐ฑ)
1F332..1F333 ; Basic_Emoji ; evergreen tree..deciduous tree # E1.0 [2] (๐ฒ..๐ณ)
1F334..1F335 ; Basic_Emoji ; palm tree..cactus # E0.6 [2] (๐ด..๐ต)
1F337..1F34A ; Basic_Emoji ; tulip..tangerine # E0.6 [20] (๐ท..๐)
1F34B ; Basic_Emoji ; lemon # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F34C..1F34F ; Basic_Emoji ; banana..green apple # E0.6 [4] (๐..๐)
1F350 ; Basic_Emoji ; pear # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F351..1F37B ; Basic_Emoji ; peach..clinking beer mugs # E0.6 [43] (๐..๐ป)
1F37C ; Basic_Emoji ; baby bottle # E1.0 [1] (๐ผ)
1F37E..1F37F ; Basic_Emoji ; bottle with popping cork..popcorn # E1.0 [2] (๐พ..๐ฟ)
1F380..1F393 ; Basic_Emoji ; ribbon..graduation cap # E0.6 [20] (๐..๐)
1F3A0..1F3C4 ; Basic_Emoji ; carousel horse..person surfing # E0.6 [37] (๐ ..๐)
1F3C5 ; Basic_Emoji ; sports medal # E1.0 [1] (๐ )
1F3C6 ; Basic_Emoji ; trophy # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F3C7 ; Basic_Emoji ; horse racing # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F3C8 ; Basic_Emoji ; american football # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F3C9 ; Basic_Emoji ; rugby football # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F3CA ; Basic_Emoji ; person swimming # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F3CF..1F3D3 ; Basic_Emoji ; cricket game..ping pong # E1.0 [5] (๐..๐)
1F3E0..1F3E3 ; Basic_Emoji ; house..Japanese post office # E0.6 [4] (๐ ..๐ฃ)
1F3E4 ; Basic_Emoji ; post office # E1.0 [1] (๐ค)
1F3E5..1F3F0 ; Basic_Emoji ; hospital..castle # E0.6 [12] (๐ฅ..๐ฐ)
1F3F4 ; Basic_Emoji ; black flag # E1.0 [1] (๐ด)
1F3F8..1F407 ; Basic_Emoji ; badminton..rabbit # E1.0 [16] (๐ธ..๐)
1F408 ; Basic_Emoji ; cat # E0.7 [1] (๐)
1F409..1F40B ; Basic_Emoji ; dragon..whale # E1.0 [3] (๐..๐)
1F40C..1F40E ; Basic_Emoji ; snail..horse # E0.6 [3] (๐..๐)
1F40F..1F410 ; Basic_Emoji ; ram..goat # E1.0 [2] (๐..๐)
1F411..1F412 ; Basic_Emoji ; ewe..monkey # E0.6 [2] (๐..๐)
1F413 ; Basic_Emoji ; rooster # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F414 ; Basic_Emoji ; chicken # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F415 ; Basic_Emoji ; dog # E0.7 [1] (๐)
1F416 ; Basic_Emoji ; pig # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F417..1F429 ; Basic_Emoji ; boar..poodle # E0.6 [19] (๐..๐ฉ)
1F42A ; Basic_Emoji ; camel # E1.0 [1] (๐ช)
1F42B..1F43E ; Basic_Emoji ; two-hump camel..paw prints # E0.6 [20] (๐ซ..๐พ)
1F440 ; Basic_Emoji ; eyes # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F442..1F464 ; Basic_Emoji ; ear..bust in silhouette # E0.6 [35] (๐..๐ค)
1F465 ; Basic_Emoji ; busts in silhouette # E1.0 [1] (๐ฅ)
1F466..1F46B ; Basic_Emoji ; boy..woman and man holding hands # E0.6 [6] (๐ฆ..๐ซ)
1F46C..1F46D ; Basic_Emoji ; men holding hands..women holding hands # E1.0 [2] (๐ฌ..๐ญ)
1F46E..1F4AC ; Basic_Emoji ; police officer..speech balloon # E0.6 [63] (๐ฎ..๐ฌ)
1F4AD ; Basic_Emoji ; thought balloon # E1.0 [1] (๐ญ)
1F4AE..1F4B5 ; Basic_Emoji ; white flower..dollar banknote # E0.6 [8] (๐ฎ..๐ต)
1F4B6..1F4B7 ; Basic_Emoji ; euro banknote..pound banknote # E1.0 [2] (๐ถ..๐ท)
1F4B8..1F4EB ; Basic_Emoji ; money with wings..closed mailbox with raised flag # E0.6 [52] (๐ธ..๐ซ)
1F4EC..1F4ED ; Basic_Emoji ; open mailbox with raised flag..open mailbox with lowered flag # E0.7 [2] (๐ฌ..๐ญ)
1F4EE ; Basic_Emoji ; postbox # E0.6 [1] (๐ฎ)
1F4EF ; Basic_Emoji ; postal horn # E1.0 [1] (๐ฏ)
1F4F0..1F4F4 ; Basic_Emoji ; newspaper..mobile phone off # E0.6 [5] (๐ฐ..๐ด)
1F4F5 ; Basic_Emoji ; no mobile phones # E1.0 [1] (๐ต)
1F4F6..1F4F7 ; Basic_Emoji ; antenna bars..camera # E0.6 [2] (๐ถ..๐ท)
1F4F8 ; Basic_Emoji ; camera with flash # E1.0 [1] (๐ธ)
1F3F8..1F407 ; Basic_Emoji ; badminton..rabbit # E1.0 [16] (๐ธ..๐)
1F408 ; Basic_Emoji ; cat # E0.7 [1] (๐)
1F409..1F40B ; Basic_Emoji ; dragon..whale # E1.0 [3] (๐..๐)
1F40C..1F40E ; Basic_Emoji ; snail..horse # E0.6 [3] (๐..๐)
1F40F..1F410 ; Basic_Emoji ; ram..goat # E1.0 [2] (๐..๐)
1F411..1F412 ; Basic_Emoji ; ewe..monkey # E0.6 [2] (๐..๐)
1F413 ; Basic_Emoji ; rooster # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F414 ; Basic_Emoji ; chicken # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F415 ; Basic_Emoji ; dog # E0.7 [1] (๐)
1F416 ; Basic_Emoji ; pig # E1.0 [1] (๐)
1F417..1F429 ; Basic_Emoji ; boar..poodle # E0.6 [19] (๐..๐ฉ)
1F42A ; Basic_Emoji ; camel # E1.0 [1] (๐ช)
1F42B..1F43E ; Basic_Emoji ; two-hump camel..paw prints # E0.6 [20] (๐ซ..๐พ)
1F440 ; Basic_Emoji ; eyes # E0.6 [1] (๐)
1F442..1F464 ; Basic_Emoji ; ear..bust in silhouette # E0.6 [35] (๐..๐ค)
1F465 ; Basic_Emoji ; busts in silhouette # E1.0 [1] (๐ฅ)
1F466..1F46B ; Basic_Emoji ; boy..woman and man holding hands # E0.6 [6] (๐ฆ..๐ซ)
1F46C..1F46D ; Basic_Emoji ; men holding hands..women holding hands # E1.0 [2] (๐ฌ..๐ญ)
1F46E..1F4AC ; Basic_Emoji ; police officer..speech balloon # E0.6 [63] (๐ฎ..๐ฌ)
1F4AD ; Basic_Emoji ; thought balloon # E1.0 [1] (๐ญ)
1F4AE..1F4B5 ; Basic_Emoji ; white flower..dollar banknote # E0.6 [8] (๐ฎ..๐ต)
1F4B6..1F4B7 ; Basic_Emoji ; euro banknote..pound banknote # E1.0 [2] (๐ถ..๐ท)
1F4B8..1F4EB ; Basic_Emoji ; money with wings..closed mailbox with raised flag # E0.6 [52] (๐ธ..๐ซ)
1F4EC..1F4ED ; Basic_Emoji ; open mailbox with raised flag..open mailbox with lowered flag # E0.7 [2] (๐ฌ..๐ญ)
1F4EE ; Basic_Emoji ; postbox # E0.6 [1] (๐ฎ)
1F4EF ; Basic_Emoji ; postal horn # E1.0 [1] (๐ฏ)
1F4F0..1F4F4 ; Basic_Emoji ; newspaper..mobile phone off # E0.6 [5] (๐ฐ..๐ด)
1F4F5 ; Basic_Emoji ; no mobile phones # E1.0 [1] (๐ต)
1F4F6..1F4F7 ; Basic_Emoji ; antenna bars..camera # E0.6 [2] (๐ถ..๐ท)
1F4F8 ; Basic_Emoji ; camera with flash # E1.0 [1] (๐ธ)