Important Geography Books fir UPSC Prelims 2023 @secureias

(i). NCERTs 6th to 12th

(ii) Certificate Physical and Human Geography by Goh Cheng Leong — Good book for UPSC Prelims & UPSC Mains for physical & Human geography.

(iii) School Atlas – Oxford or Orient BlackSwan School Atlas

(iv) IndianGeography by Mahesh Barnawal –Simple & Easy to understand, Based on NCERTs.

(v) Objective Indian and World Geography – Test Yourself

Indian Polity

(i) Indian Polity – Laxmikanth

(ii) Indian Constitution At Work 11th NCERT

(iii) Objective Indian Polity by M Laxmikanth —Test Yourself

UPSC CIVIL SERVICES PRELIMS SUBJECT WISE QUESTIONS OF LAST 10 YEAR

https://t.me/SecureIAS

42nd Amendment Act https://t.me/secureias

Article 39 (c) that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment. https://t.me/secureias/66

Rapid Revision Book (Special Edition) for Prelims2023

🔺️ DEMERITS OF THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM

1. Unstable Government

The ministers depend on the mercy of the majority legislators for their continuity and survival in office.

2. No Continuity of Policies

The parliamentary system is not conductive for the formulation and implementation of longterm policies. This is due to the uncertainty of the tenure of the government.

3. Dictatorship of the Cabinet

When the ruling party enjoys absolute majority in the Parliament, the cabinet becomes autocratic and exercises nearly unlimited powers. 

4. Against Separation of Powers

The legislature and the executive are
together and inseparable. The cabinet acts as the leader of legislature as well as the executive.

5. Government by Amateurs

The parliamentary system is not conducive to administrative efficiency as the ministers are not experts in their fields.

🔺️ FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT

1. ‘Federation’ is drived from a Latin word foedus which means ‘treaty’ or ‘agreement’.

2. The units of a federation are known by various names like states (as in US) or cantons (as in Switzerland) or provinces (as in Canada) or republics (as in Russia).

3. A federation can be formed in two ways, -  by way of integration or by way of disintegration.

4. In the first case, a number of militarily weak or economically backward states (independent) come together to form a big and a strong union, as for example, the
US.

5. In the second case, a big unitary state is converted into a federation by granting autonomy to the provinces to promote regional interest (for example, Canada).

6. The US is the first and the oldest federation in the world.  The Canadian Federation, comprising 10 provinces (originally 4 provinces) is also quite old–formed in 1867.

🔺️ DISTINCTION BETWEEN INDIAN AND BRITISH MODELS.

1. India has a republican system in place of British monarchical system.

2. British system is based on the doctrine of the sovereignty of Parliament, while the Parliament is not supreme in India and enjoys limited and restricted powers.

3. In Britain, the prime minister should be a member of the Lower House of the Parliament. In India, the prime minister may be a member of any of the two Houses.

4.  Usually, the members of Parliament alone are appointed as ministers in Britain. In India, a person who is not a member of Parliament can also be appointed as minister.

5. Britain has the system of legal responsibility of the minister while India has no such system.

6. ‘Shadow cabinet’ is an unique institution of the British cabinet system. It is formed by the opposition party to balance the ruling cabinet and to prepare its members for future ministerial office. There is no such institution in India.