هكي احفظوا الtreatment متاع كل البكتيريا
داخل الخلية → Doxycycline
Atypical pneumonia→ Azithromycin
او احفظوا غالبا cough → Azithromycin
معناها حتى pertussis
يعني Atypical لو فيها pneumonia نعطي azith لو مافيش نعطي doxy
Ceftriaxone → Neisseria + hemaphilus
Penicillin = اي بكتيريا gram Positive + Pallidum
RIPE = TB
Anaerobes→ Metronidazole
داخل الخلية → Doxycycline
Atypical pneumonia→ Azithromycin
او احفظوا غالبا cough → Azithromycin
معناها حتى pertussis
يعني Atypical لو فيها pneumonia نعطي azith لو مافيش نعطي doxy
Ceftriaxone → Neisseria + hemaphilus
Penicillin = اي بكتيريا gram Positive + Pallidum
RIPE = TB
Anaerobes→ Metronidazole
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Bacteria with vaccines
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
Hib conjugate vaccine
Bordetella pertussis
DTaP/Tdap
Mycobacteria
Live attenuated ( m.bovis )
Brucella
❌ humans
For animals
Leptosoira
High risk workers annually
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
Hib conjugate vaccine
Bordetella pertussis
DTaP/Tdap
Mycobacteria
Live attenuated ( m.bovis )
Brucella
❌ humans
For animals
Leptosoira
High risk workers annually
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البكتيريا اللي فيها Reservoir هو human يعني فيها person to person transmission ✅
لكن لو فيه Reservoir ثاني معناها مافيش person to person
و اللي هما
Legionella → Water systems
Rickettsia → Arthropods
Coxiella → Farm animals
Brucella ( rare ) → animals
Borrelia → Rodents/deer
Leptospira → animals
لكن لو فيه Reservoir ثاني معناها مافيش person to person
و اللي هما
Legionella → Water systems
Rickettsia → Arthropods
Coxiella → Farm animals
Brucella ( rare ) → animals
Borrelia → Rodents/deer
Leptospira → animals
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Prion تجميعة
⭐ Prions = Misfolded proteins only
⭐ No DNA or RNA
⭐ No antibody response
⭐ Long incubation period
⭐ Cause spongiform encephalopathy
⭐ Human prion diseases: CJD, Kuru, FFI, GSS
⭐ Mad Cow Disease (BSE) = Prion disease
⭐ BSE spreads through contaminated feed
⭐ No vaccine for prion diseases
⭐ Mpox vaccine = MVA-BN
⭐ Emerging diseases: Zika, Ebola, SARS, Dengue, Mpox, AIDS, West Nile
⭐ Non-emerging diseases: Tuberculosis, Anthrax (Wool sorter’s disease)
⭐ Reemergence is associated with antimicrobial resistance, reduced vaccination rates, and spread to new geographic areas.
⭐ Prions = Misfolded proteins only
⭐ No DNA or RNA
⭐ No antibody response
⭐ Long incubation period
⭐ Cause spongiform encephalopathy
⭐ Human prion diseases: CJD, Kuru, FFI, GSS
⭐ Mad Cow Disease (BSE) = Prion disease
⭐ BSE spreads through contaminated feed
⭐ No vaccine for prion diseases
⭐ Mpox vaccine = MVA-BN
⭐ Emerging diseases: Zika, Ebola, SARS, Dengue, Mpox, AIDS, West Nile
⭐ Non-emerging diseases: Tuberculosis, Anthrax (Wool sorter’s disease)
⭐ Reemergence is associated with antimicrobial resistance, reduced vaccination rates, and spread to new geographic areas.
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تجميعة Emerging
⭐ Zoonotic virus = Animal → Human transmission
⭐ SARS is a zoonotic virus.
⭐ COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2.
⭐ Coronavirus has club-shaped glycoprotein spikes on a lipid envelope.
⭐ Human coronaviruses: 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2.
⭐ HCoV-RNA is NOT a human coronavirus.
⭐ Emerging diseases: COVID-19, SARS, Ebola, Zika, West Nile, Mpox, AIDS.
⭐ Non-emerging diseases: Tuberculosis and Wool sorter’s disease (Anthrax).
⭐ Emerging disease factors: Microbial evolution, climate change, famine, human behavior.
⭐ Widespread vaccination is NOT a cause of emergence.
⭐ Reemergence is associated with antibiotic overuse and declining vaccination rates.
⭐ Influenza is the correct answer when asked about a virus that has reemerged as a major public health concern.
⭐ MVA-BN is the vaccine recommended for Mpox.
⭐ Zoonotic virus = Animal → Human transmission
⭐ SARS is a zoonotic virus.
⭐ COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2.
⭐ Coronavirus has club-shaped glycoprotein spikes on a lipid envelope.
⭐ Human coronaviruses: 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2.
⭐ HCoV-RNA is NOT a human coronavirus.
⭐ Emerging diseases: COVID-19, SARS, Ebola, Zika, West Nile, Mpox, AIDS.
⭐ Non-emerging diseases: Tuberculosis and Wool sorter’s disease (Anthrax).
⭐ Emerging disease factors: Microbial evolution, climate change, famine, human behavior.
⭐ Widespread vaccination is NOT a cause of emergence.
⭐ Reemergence is associated with antibiotic overuse and declining vaccination rates.
⭐ Influenza is the correct answer when asked about a virus that has reemerged as a major public health concern.
⭐ MVA-BN is the vaccine recommended for Mpox.
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