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#InMemoriam #InMemoryOfDiplomats
1️⃣5️⃣0️⃣ years ago, on July 17, 1876, Maxim Litvinov — the outstanding Soviet statesman and diplomat — was born.
For many years, Maxim Litvinov held senior positions within our country’s Foreign Ministry. In 1920, he was appointed Plenipotentiary Representative to Estonia. From 1921 to 1930, he served as Deputy People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs.
He took part in a number of major international conferences and meetings, including the Genoa and Hague Conferences of 1922.
💼 Maxim Litvinov headed the People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs of the USSR during the challenging period from 1930 to 1939.
He represented the Soviet Union in the League of Nations, where he consistently promoted the principles of international cooperation, the equality of states and respect for international law.
Litvinov was meticulously working on development of relations between the Soviet Union and the United States. He was involved in the negotiations that resulted the establishment of official diplomatic ties between our countries in 1933 — a landmark event in the history of bilateral ties.
Litvinov was committed to establishing a system of collective security in Europe and forming an anti-fascist coalition in Europe amid growing Nazi menace on the continent.
His contemporaries noted Litvinov’s ability to combine the persistant protection of the USSR's national interests with a readiness for constructive international dialogue. His prophetic words, spoken during a session of the League of Nations in 1935, continue to resonate with the principles of Russian diplomacy today:
During the #GreatPatrioticWar, Maxim Litvinov served as Deputy People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR. From 1941 to 1943, he was the Soviet Ambassador to the United States, while concurrently serving as the Soviet envoy to Cuba from 1942 to 1943.
🌟 He made a significant contribution to strengthening the anti-Hitler coalition — #WeWereAllies.
Throughout his service in senior government and diplomatic posts, Litvinov distinguished himself as a gifted diplomat, an experienced negotiator and a firm defender of his country’s interests. His professionalism, profound knowledge of international affairs and personal contribution to the development of the Soviet diplomatic service earned him widespread recognition both in the USSR and abroad.
In recognition of his many years of public service and his substantial contribution to Soviet diplomacy, Litvinov was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour and other state decorations of the USSR.
🕯 Maxim Litvinov passed away on 31 December 1951. He found his final rest at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
1️⃣5️⃣0️⃣ years ago, on July 17, 1876, Maxim Litvinov — the outstanding Soviet statesman and diplomat — was born.
For many years, Maxim Litvinov held senior positions within our country’s Foreign Ministry. In 1920, he was appointed Plenipotentiary Representative to Estonia. From 1921 to 1930, he served as Deputy People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs.
He took part in a number of major international conferences and meetings, including the Genoa and Hague Conferences of 1922.
💼 Maxim Litvinov headed the People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs of the USSR during the challenging period from 1930 to 1939.
He represented the Soviet Union in the League of Nations, where he consistently promoted the principles of international cooperation, the equality of states and respect for international law.
Litvinov was meticulously working on development of relations between the Soviet Union and the United States. He was involved in the negotiations that resulted the establishment of official diplomatic ties between our countries in 1933 — a landmark event in the history of bilateral ties.
Litvinov was committed to establishing a system of collective security in Europe and forming an anti-fascist coalition in Europe amid growing Nazi menace on the continent.
His contemporaries noted Litvinov’s ability to combine the persistant protection of the USSR's national interests with a readiness for constructive international dialogue. His prophetic words, spoken during a session of the League of Nations in 1935, continue to resonate with the principles of Russian diplomacy today:
💬 Peace is indivisible… It is time to recognise that no country can enjoy security within its own peaceful and tranquil sphere unless peace is also guaranteed for its neighbours, both near and far.
During the #GreatPatrioticWar, Maxim Litvinov served as Deputy People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR. From 1941 to 1943, he was the Soviet Ambassador to the United States, while concurrently serving as the Soviet envoy to Cuba from 1942 to 1943.
Throughout his service in senior government and diplomatic posts, Litvinov distinguished himself as a gifted diplomat, an experienced negotiator and a firm defender of his country’s interests. His professionalism, profound knowledge of international affairs and personal contribution to the development of the Soviet diplomatic service earned him widespread recognition both in the USSR and abroad.
In recognition of his many years of public service and his substantial contribution to Soviet diplomacy, Litvinov was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour and other state decorations of the USSR.
🕯 Maxim Litvinov passed away on 31 December 1951. He found his final rest at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
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🎙 Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s statement and answers to media questions at a joint news conference following talks with Foreign Minister of Azerbaijan Jeyhun Bayramov (Moscow, July 17, 2026)
💬 Sergey Lavrov: My counterpart, Foreign Minister of the Republic of Azerbaijan Jeyhun Bayramov, and I have held constructive, substantive, and candid talks.
We reaffirmed steady progress in our relations in the spirit of friendship and neighbourliness in line with the Declaration on Allied Interaction between Russia and Azerbaijan signed by President Vladimir Putin and President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev in Moscow on February 22, 2022.
We highlighted the continued Moscow-Baku dialogue at the top and high levels. On March 11, the presidents of the two countries held a telephone conversation during which the Russian leader expressed his appreciation to the Azerbaijani side for providing effective and friendly help in evacuating our citizens from Iran this spring, when the United States and Israel launched aggression against the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Our Azerbaijani friends and neighbours also lent Russia a helping hand in ensuring the delivery of humanitarian aid to the Iranian people via Azerbaijan.
We took note of President Ilham Aliyev stating at the Shusha Forum on July 13 that the Russian-Azerbaijani relations had been “fully normalised” and previous difficulties were behind.
🤝 Both sides acknowledged this reality and agreed that we would work to make up for a hiatus in our relations over the past few months.
We welcomed the dynamic course of intergovernmental ties <...>, as well as robust interparliamentary dialogue. <...> Foreign policy dialogue is under way at all levels.
In 2025, bilateral trade volume reached nearly $5 billion. Russia remains one of Azerbaijan’s leading trade partners. <...>
We also touched upon the efforts of Russia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to tap into the logistics potential of the western branch of the International North-South Transport Corridor. <...>
Russia has consistently supported the efforts of Azerbaijan and Armenia to achieve fully and comprehensively normalised relations relying on the package of trilateral agreements signed at the top level in 2020-2022. As always, we stand ready to assist Baku and Yerevan in unblocking transport routes and economic ties and resolving humanitarian issues.
We briefly discussed attempts by the collective West to turn the South Caucasus into an arena of geopolitical confrontation. In this regard, we see significant potential of the “3+3” Regional Cooperation Platform. <...>
We are satisfied with the outcomes of the talks. I believe they will further strengthen Russia-Azerbaijan cooperation, friendship, and partnership, and promote peace, stability, and security in the South Caucasus.
***
From the Q&A session:
❓Question: How do you assess the ongoing US aggression against Iran? What are the risks to global security posed by continued hostilities? And how will the aggression and escalation affect the negotiations on settling the Ukrainian crisis?
💬 Sergey Lavrov: We actively supported the steps taken by the US and Iran when the memorandum on settlement was signed. <...> Let me once again remind you of our long-standing idea to develop a Concept for ensuring collective security in the Persian Gulf zone, but with the involvement of neighboring countries as well. Taking into account the needs and interests not only of the six states — the Arabian monarchies and Iran — which are the countries directly bordering the Persian Gulf, but also with the participation of Jordan, Iraq, the League of Arab States, and with the support of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council. <...>
As for the impact on the Ukrainian crisis, the Kiev regime is concerned that this situation is diverting attention away from the support that this regime wants to receive from the West on an ever-increasing scale.
It is also diverting the US, whom Europe very much wants to draw into unequivocal support for the Kiev regime.
#RussiaAzerbaijan
💬 Sergey Lavrov: My counterpart, Foreign Minister of the Republic of Azerbaijan Jeyhun Bayramov, and I have held constructive, substantive, and candid talks.
We reaffirmed steady progress in our relations in the spirit of friendship and neighbourliness in line with the Declaration on Allied Interaction between Russia and Azerbaijan signed by President Vladimir Putin and President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev in Moscow on February 22, 2022.
We highlighted the continued Moscow-Baku dialogue at the top and high levels. On March 11, the presidents of the two countries held a telephone conversation during which the Russian leader expressed his appreciation to the Azerbaijani side for providing effective and friendly help in evacuating our citizens from Iran this spring, when the United States and Israel launched aggression against the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Our Azerbaijani friends and neighbours also lent Russia a helping hand in ensuring the delivery of humanitarian aid to the Iranian people via Azerbaijan.
We took note of President Ilham Aliyev stating at the Shusha Forum on July 13 that the Russian-Azerbaijani relations had been “fully normalised” and previous difficulties were behind.
🤝 Both sides acknowledged this reality and agreed that we would work to make up for a hiatus in our relations over the past few months.
We welcomed the dynamic course of intergovernmental ties <...>, as well as robust interparliamentary dialogue. <...> Foreign policy dialogue is under way at all levels.
In 2025, bilateral trade volume reached nearly $5 billion. Russia remains one of Azerbaijan’s leading trade partners. <...>
We also touched upon the efforts of Russia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to tap into the logistics potential of the western branch of the International North-South Transport Corridor. <...>
Russia has consistently supported the efforts of Azerbaijan and Armenia to achieve fully and comprehensively normalised relations relying on the package of trilateral agreements signed at the top level in 2020-2022. As always, we stand ready to assist Baku and Yerevan in unblocking transport routes and economic ties and resolving humanitarian issues.
We briefly discussed attempts by the collective West to turn the South Caucasus into an arena of geopolitical confrontation. In this regard, we see significant potential of the “3+3” Regional Cooperation Platform. <...>
We are satisfied with the outcomes of the talks. I believe they will further strengthen Russia-Azerbaijan cooperation, friendship, and partnership, and promote peace, stability, and security in the South Caucasus.
***
From the Q&A session:
❓Question: How do you assess the ongoing US aggression against Iran? What are the risks to global security posed by continued hostilities? And how will the aggression and escalation affect the negotiations on settling the Ukrainian crisis?
💬 Sergey Lavrov: We actively supported the steps taken by the US and Iran when the memorandum on settlement was signed. <...> Let me once again remind you of our long-standing idea to develop a Concept for ensuring collective security in the Persian Gulf zone, but with the involvement of neighboring countries as well. Taking into account the needs and interests not only of the six states — the Arabian monarchies and Iran — which are the countries directly bordering the Persian Gulf, but also with the participation of Jordan, Iraq, the League of Arab States, and with the support of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council. <...>
As for the impact on the Ukrainian crisis, the Kiev regime is concerned that this situation is diverting attention away from the support that this regime wants to receive from the West on an ever-increasing scale.
It is also diverting the US, whom Europe very much wants to draw into unequivocal support for the Kiev regime.
#RussiaAzerbaijan
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#InMemoryOfDiplomats
🗓 On July 18, 1909, Andrey Gromyko was born, a statesman and politician, an outstanding Soviet diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR in 1957-1985.
Gromyko went down in the history of the Russian diplomatic service as an unwavering defender of our country’s national interests. He was dubbed “Mister No” by his opponents for his firmness in defending Moscow’s positions in the international arena.
Andrey Gromyko headed the Soviet diplomatic service for 28 years.
During the period of ideological stand-off and tension between NATO and the Warsaw Pact Organization, Gromyko took part in preventing many global conflicts. He pursued a policy of normalizing relations with the United States and the West, advocated disarmament, consolidated post-war borders in Europe, and promoted detente.
Gromyko made a hefty contribution to achieving strategic stability between the USSR and the United States: Important disarmament documents were signed that contributed to the detente – the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests (1963), the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1968), the ABM, SALT-I (1972-1973), and SALT-II (1979) treaties.
During the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, Gromyko’s efforts helped reach a compromise and avoid a global nuclear catastrophe. He participated in the Arab-Israeli negotiations in Geneva in 1973, mediated by the USSR and the United States, and helped thwart a large-scale war between India and Pakistan in 1966.
Andrey Gromyko is one of the most revered figures in world politics of the 20th century. To this day, his name serves as the personification of the major achievements of Soviet foreign policy in the post-war period.
☝️ Gromyko’s diplomatic legacy continues to maintain the high authority of the Russian diplomatic service.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
🗓 On July 18, 1909, Andrey Gromyko was born, a statesman and politician, an outstanding Soviet diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR in 1957-1985.
Gromyko went down in the history of the Russian diplomatic service as an unwavering defender of our country’s national interests. He was dubbed “Mister No” by his opponents for his firmness in defending Moscow’s positions in the international arena.
Andrey Gromyko headed the Soviet diplomatic service for 28 years.
During the period of ideological stand-off and tension between NATO and the Warsaw Pact Organization, Gromyko took part in preventing many global conflicts. He pursued a policy of normalizing relations with the United States and the West, advocated disarmament, consolidated post-war borders in Europe, and promoted detente.
Gromyko made a hefty contribution to achieving strategic stability between the USSR and the United States: Important disarmament documents were signed that contributed to the detente – the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests (1963), the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (1968), the ABM, SALT-I (1972-1973), and SALT-II (1979) treaties.
During the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, Gromyko’s efforts helped reach a compromise and avoid a global nuclear catastrophe. He participated in the Arab-Israeli negotiations in Geneva in 1973, mediated by the USSR and the United States, and helped thwart a large-scale war between India and Pakistan in 1966.
Andrey Gromyko is one of the most revered figures in world politics of the 20th century. To this day, his name serves as the personification of the major achievements of Soviet foreign policy in the post-war period.
☝️ Gromyko’s diplomatic legacy continues to maintain the high authority of the Russian diplomatic service.
#HistoryOfDiplomacy
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🇷🇺🇰🇵 President of Russia Vladimir Putin received Foreign Minister of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Choe Son Hui at the Kremlin, July 19, 2026.
Vladimir Putin highly praised the bilateral relations between Russia and the DPRK and once again thanked the leadership and the people of the Democratic Republic of North Korea for their assistance in the special military operation. He stressed that the combat feats of the Korean servicemen, who helped the Russian military and were decorated with state awards, will always be remembered in Russia.
The President also conveyed his warmest greetings to Chairman of State Affairs of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Kim Jong-un.
On her part, Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of North Korea Choe Son-hui expressed appreciation for such warm words and said that the DPRK leader Kim Jong-un had recently reaffirmed the strategic commitment to comprehensive development of the relations with the Russian Federation.
Attending the meeting in the Kremlin on the Russian side were Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Aide to the President Yuri Ushakov.
#RussiaDPRK
Vladimir Putin highly praised the bilateral relations between Russia and the DPRK and once again thanked the leadership and the people of the Democratic Republic of North Korea for their assistance in the special military operation. He stressed that the combat feats of the Korean servicemen, who helped the Russian military and were decorated with state awards, will always be remembered in Russia.
The President also conveyed his warmest greetings to Chairman of State Affairs of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Kim Jong-un.
On her part, Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of North Korea Choe Son-hui expressed appreciation for such warm words and said that the DPRK leader Kim Jong-un had recently reaffirmed the strategic commitment to comprehensive development of the relations with the Russian Federation.
Attending the meeting in the Kremlin on the Russian side were Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Aide to the President Yuri Ushakov.
#RussiaDPRK
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#KievRegimeCrimes
⚡️ Ambassador-at-Large of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Rodion Miroshnik:
PHOTO FACTS & EVIDENCE of crimes committed by Ukrainian armed forces over the week of July 13 – July 19, 2026:
▪️ July 14 – a UAV attack targeted a parking area for civilian freight vehicles in Lugansk. While firefighters were extinguishing the blaze, EMERCOM personnel came under a second UAV strike. Three rescuers were injured.
▪️ July 15 – a civilian car struck a mine in the Alyoshki District of the Kherson Region.
▪️ July 15 – civilian vehicles were destroyed by fire following shelling of a residential area in Radensk, Kherson Region.
▪️ July 15 – a UAV struck a civilian car on a road near Schastye, LPR. Three civilians were killed and one was seriously injured.
▪️ July 16 – a UAV struck a civilian freight vehicle in Shebekino, Belgorod Region.
▪️ July 17 – a UAV struck an apartment building in Vasilyevka, Zaporozhye Region. Two women were injured.
▪️ July 17 – a UAV struck a civilian car on a road in the Kherson Region. One civilian was injured.
▪️ July 18 – a UAV attack targeted warehouses belonging to a commercial enterprise in Elektrostal, Moscow Region. One civilian was killed and 57 others were injured.
▪️ July 19 – a UAV struck an apartment building in Kursk, Kursk Region.
▪️ July 19 – UAV struck a civilian car on the Urazovo–Gerasimovka road in the Belgorod Region.
⚡️ Ambassador-at-Large of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Rodion Miroshnik:
PHOTO FACTS & EVIDENCE of crimes committed by Ukrainian armed forces over the week of July 13 – July 19, 2026:
▪️ July 14 – a UAV attack targeted a parking area for civilian freight vehicles in Lugansk. While firefighters were extinguishing the blaze, EMERCOM personnel came under a second UAV strike. Three rescuers were injured.
▪️ July 15 – a civilian car struck a mine in the Alyoshki District of the Kherson Region.
▪️ July 15 – civilian vehicles were destroyed by fire following shelling of a residential area in Radensk, Kherson Region.
▪️ July 15 – a UAV struck a civilian car on a road near Schastye, LPR. Three civilians were killed and one was seriously injured.
▪️ July 16 – a UAV struck a civilian freight vehicle in Shebekino, Belgorod Region.
▪️ July 17 – a UAV struck an apartment building in Vasilyevka, Zaporozhye Region. Two women were injured.
▪️ July 17 – a UAV struck a civilian car on a road in the Kherson Region. One civilian was injured.
▪️ July 18 – a UAV attack targeted warehouses belonging to a commercial enterprise in Elektrostal, Moscow Region. One civilian was killed and 57 others were injured.
▪️ July 19 – a UAV struck an apartment building in Kursk, Kursk Region.
▪️ July 19 – UAV struck a civilian car on the Urazovo–Gerasimovka road in the Belgorod Region.
🇷🇺🇨🇳 "The Russia-China Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Benefit Both Countries and the World", a co-authored article by the Ambassador of Russia to Canada, H.E.Oleg Stepanov, and the Ambassador of China to Canada, H.E. Wang Di.
(Ottawa, July 20, 2026)
Read in full
✍️This year marks the 25th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. [...] Over the past 25 years, guided by the Treaty, Russia-China relations have withstood the shifting international circumstances, demonstrating stability and resilience. They are currently at their best in history, serving as a model for relations between major countries and as a strong force for maintaining world peace and stability.
🔸 Russia-China Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Contributes to Each Other’s Development and Revitalization
[...] Over the past 25 years, under the leadership of the two Heads of State, mutually beneficial cooperation between Russia and China across all fields has yielded fruitful results, contributing to each other’s development and revitalization and bringing tangible benefits to the two peoples. [...]
❗️Based on the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence, Russia and China support each other’s right to independently choose the social system and development path, and support the preservation of each other’s historical and cultural identities and traditional values.
🔸 Russia-China Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Contributes to Regional Security and Stability
The two sides maintain close coordination on regional security affairs and jointly implement the Global Security Initiative. [...] The two sides call upon all states to adhere to the principle of equal and indivisible security on global and regional levels, so as to build common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security.
🔸 Russia-China Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Contributes to Upholding the Post-War International Order
As major victorious countries of World War II and permanent members of the UNSC, Russia and China firmly uphold the correct historical view of World War II and defend the fruits of victory enshrined in the UN Charter and the Charters and Judgments of the Nuremberg and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, and firmly oppose any attempt to deny, distort, or tamper with the history of World War II.
☝️Russia and China firmly uphold the international system with the UN at its core, the international order underpinned by international law, the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, safeguard common interests and international fairness, and oppose any attempt to tamper with the outcomes of World War II. Both sides advocate for an equal and orderly multipolar world, and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, and practice multilateralism.
***
🤝Looking ahead, Russia and China will continue to uphold the spirit of everlasting good-neighborliness and friendship, mutually beneficial cooperation and win-win outcomes, and comprehensive strategic coordination.
#RussiaChina
(Ottawa, July 20, 2026)
Read in full
✍️This year marks the 25th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. [...] Over the past 25 years, guided by the Treaty, Russia-China relations have withstood the shifting international circumstances, demonstrating stability and resilience. They are currently at their best in history, serving as a model for relations between major countries and as a strong force for maintaining world peace and stability.
[...] Over the past 25 years, under the leadership of the two Heads of State, mutually beneficial cooperation between Russia and China across all fields has yielded fruitful results, contributing to each other’s development and revitalization and bringing tangible benefits to the two peoples. [...]
❗️Based on the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence, Russia and China support each other’s right to independently choose the social system and development path, and support the preservation of each other’s historical and cultural identities and traditional values.
The two sides maintain close coordination on regional security affairs and jointly implement the Global Security Initiative. [...] The two sides call upon all states to adhere to the principle of equal and indivisible security on global and regional levels, so as to build common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security.
As major victorious countries of World War II and permanent members of the UNSC, Russia and China firmly uphold the correct historical view of World War II and defend the fruits of victory enshrined in the UN Charter and the Charters and Judgments of the Nuremberg and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, and firmly oppose any attempt to deny, distort, or tamper with the history of World War II.
☝️Russia and China firmly uphold the international system with the UN at its core, the international order underpinned by international law, the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, safeguard common interests and international fairness, and oppose any attempt to tamper with the outcomes of World War II. Both sides advocate for an equal and orderly multipolar world, and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, and practice multilateralism.
***
🤝Looking ahead, Russia and China will continue to uphold the spirit of everlasting good-neighborliness and friendship, mutually beneficial cooperation and win-win outcomes, and comprehensive strategic coordination.
#RussiaChina
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#KievRegimeCrimes
⚡️ Ambassador-at-Large of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Rodion Miroshnik:
💬 Over the past week, the number of Russian civilians killed or injured in attacks by Ukrainian neo-Nazis rose sharply.
Facing setbacks on the battlefield, Kiev redirected its capabilities toward terrorist attacks on civilian targets in Russia, with more than 1,000 strikes recorded daily. Over 400 civilians were killed or injured during the week.
The Zelensky regime used military resources supplied by its Western sponsors to attack Russia’s civilian population. Residential areas, medical facilities, essential infrastructure and civilian transport came under fire.
The highest numbers of civilian casualties were recorded in the Belgorod, Moscow, Zaporozhye and Kherson Regions, as well as the DPR and LPR. Ukrainian militants deliberately targeted densely populated areas in an effort to inflict maximum damage.
On July 13-19, Ukrainian neo-Nazi attacks resulted in 433 civilian casualties: 69 people, including two children, were killed, while 364 others, including 12 children, were injured.
Over the past seven days, Ukrainian militants fired at least 7,168 munitions at civilian targets on Russian territory.
⚡️ Ambassador-at-Large of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Rodion Miroshnik:
💬 Over the past week, the number of Russian civilians killed or injured in attacks by Ukrainian neo-Nazis rose sharply.
Facing setbacks on the battlefield, Kiev redirected its capabilities toward terrorist attacks on civilian targets in Russia, with more than 1,000 strikes recorded daily. Over 400 civilians were killed or injured during the week.
The Zelensky regime used military resources supplied by its Western sponsors to attack Russia’s civilian population. Residential areas, medical facilities, essential infrastructure and civilian transport came under fire.
The highest numbers of civilian casualties were recorded in the Belgorod, Moscow, Zaporozhye and Kherson Regions, as well as the DPR and LPR. Ukrainian militants deliberately targeted densely populated areas in an effort to inflict maximum damage.
On July 13-19, Ukrainian neo-Nazi attacks resulted in 433 civilian casualties: 69 people, including two children, were killed, while 364 others, including 12 children, were injured.
Over the past seven days, Ukrainian militants fired at least 7,168 munitions at civilian targets on Russian territory.
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🗓 #OTD in 1774, the Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji between the Russian and Ottoman Empires was signed in the village of Kuchuk Kainarji (Küçük Kaynarca near Silistra, present-day Bulgaria) bringing the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 to an end.
In the second half of the 18th century, Russia sought access to the Black Sea and worked to strengthen its positions in the Black Sea region and the Caucasus, while the Ottoman Empire sought to curb the growth of Russian influence.
After Russia rejected an Ottoman ultimatum demanding the withdrawal of Russian troops from Poland, the Sublime Porte (the government of the Ottoman Empire) declared war on Russia on September 25, 1768. Hostilities unfolded in Bessarabia, Moldavia and the Caucasus and culminated in a series of major victories by the Russian Army and Navy – at Larga and Kagul, in the Battle of Chesme, and at Turtukai and Kozludzha.
Military setbacks forced the Ottoman Empire to resume negotiations, which ended with the signing of the Treaty of of Kuchuk Kainarji.
This historic document consolidated the brilliant victories of the Russian Army and became one of Russia’s greatest military and political achievements of the era of Catherine the Great.
***
📜 The Treaty consisted of 28 articles and a secret annex. Under its provisions:
👉 The full text of the Treaty (in Russian)
The Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji fundamentally altered the balance of power in the Black Sea region and the Balkans. Russia strengthened its southern frontiers, secured access to the Black Sea and significantly expanded its political influence in the region.
☝️ The Treaty became an important milestone on the path toward Crimea’s incorporation into the Russian Empire under Catherine II’s Manifesto of April 19, 1783, and the conclusion of the Treaty of Jassy with the Sublime Porte in 1791, which strengthened the security of Russia’s southern frontiers and safeguarded its interests in the Black Sea region, the Caucasus and the Balkans.
In the second half of the 18th century, Russia sought access to the Black Sea and worked to strengthen its positions in the Black Sea region and the Caucasus, while the Ottoman Empire sought to curb the growth of Russian influence.
After Russia rejected an Ottoman ultimatum demanding the withdrawal of Russian troops from Poland, the Sublime Porte (the government of the Ottoman Empire) declared war on Russia on September 25, 1768. Hostilities unfolded in Bessarabia, Moldavia and the Caucasus and culminated in a series of major victories by the Russian Army and Navy – at Larga and Kagul, in the Battle of Chesme, and at Turtukai and Kozludzha.
Military setbacks forced the Ottoman Empire to resume negotiations, which ended with the signing of the Treaty of of Kuchuk Kainarji.
This historic document consolidated the brilliant victories of the Russian Army and became one of Russia’s greatest military and political achievements of the era of Catherine the Great.
***
📜 The Treaty consisted of 28 articles and a secret annex. Under its provisions:
• Azov, Kerch, Yenikale and Kinburn, the lands between the Dnepr and Southern Bug rivers, as well as Greater and Lesser Kabarda, became part of Russia;
• the Crimean Khanate and the Tatar territories dependent on it were declared “free and completely independent of any foreign power”;
• Russia acquired the right to maintain a fleet in the Black Sea, while its merchant vessels were granted freedom of navigation in the Black Sea and passage through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles;
• Moldavia and Wallachia returned under Ottoman rule, but on special terms providing for the restoration of their rights and privileges. Russia also gained the right to make representations to the Ottoman government in defence of the principalities’ interests;
• Russian subjects were granted the right to visit Jerusalem and other holy sites freely, while an Orthodox church could be built in Constantinople under the protection of the Russian diplomatic mission;
• the Ottoman Empire was obliged to pay Russia a substantial indemnity of 7.5 million piastres;
• separate articles provided for an amnesty for the inhabitants of Georgia and Mingrelia and prohibited the Porte from exacting human tribute from them. Russia also obtained the right to establish a permanent diplomatic mission at the Sultan’s court and appoint consuls in Ottoman cities to protect the interests of Russian merchants.
👉 The full text of the Treaty (in Russian)
The Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji fundamentally altered the balance of power in the Black Sea region and the Balkans. Russia strengthened its southern frontiers, secured access to the Black Sea and significantly expanded its political influence in the region.
☝️ The Treaty became an important milestone on the path toward Crimea’s incorporation into the Russian Empire under Catherine II’s Manifesto of April 19, 1783, and the conclusion of the Treaty of Jassy with the Sublime Porte in 1791, which strengthened the security of Russia’s southern frontiers and safeguarded its interests in the Black Sea region, the Caucasus and the Balkans.
❤1👏1
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
⚡️ Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation:
The Press Bureau of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation (SVR) reports that, according to information received by the SVR, relevant ministries in one of NATO’s key member states are concerned over active research and development work under way in Germany with a potential nuclear-weapons focus.
Berlin’s Western allies point to the scale of Germany’s current work in such sensitive areas as special materials science, shock-wave physics, nuclear physics and neutron physics, involving 30 national universities.
These include the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, RWTH Aachen University and the Technical University of Berlin. Practical experiments are being conducted at six research reactors operating at these institutions.
NATO officials in Brussels point to Germany’s characteristic thoroughness and close interagency coordination in developing production methods and industrial capabilities for high-energy explosives and electronic detonation systems.
Key German defence companies are involved, including Rheinmetall AG, Diehl Stiftung GmbH, KNDS Group and Umarex GmbH.
These materials and systems are regularly tested at German army training grounds.
☢️ NATO military experts believe that Berlin could independently produce the required amount of fissile material within one to three months and construct a functioning nuclear explosive device within a year, without conducting a full-scale test.
This is causing particular concern given Germany’s militaristic past and Chancellor Merz’s plans to “once again make the German army the strongest in Europe”. It cannot be ruled out that officials in the Federal Chancellery are already considering the creation of Germany’s own “nuclear umbrella”.
👉 The current German authorities’ apparent intention to gain direct access to nuclear weapons is already causing grave concern in Europe, particularly against the backdrop of revanchist sentiment in Berlin.
Yet the outcome of Nazi Germany’s attempts to create a “wonder weapon” is well known.
⁉️ Has history still taught them nothing?
The Press Bureau of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation (SVR) reports that, according to information received by the SVR, relevant ministries in one of NATO’s key member states are concerned over active research and development work under way in Germany with a potential nuclear-weapons focus.
Berlin’s Western allies point to the scale of Germany’s current work in such sensitive areas as special materials science, shock-wave physics, nuclear physics and neutron physics, involving 30 national universities.
These include the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, RWTH Aachen University and the Technical University of Berlin. Practical experiments are being conducted at six research reactors operating at these institutions.
NATO officials in Brussels point to Germany’s characteristic thoroughness and close interagency coordination in developing production methods and industrial capabilities for high-energy explosives and electronic detonation systems.
Key German defence companies are involved, including Rheinmetall AG, Diehl Stiftung GmbH, KNDS Group and Umarex GmbH.
These materials and systems are regularly tested at German army training grounds.
☢️ NATO military experts believe that Berlin could independently produce the required amount of fissile material within one to three months and construct a functioning nuclear explosive device within a year, without conducting a full-scale test.
This is causing particular concern given Germany’s militaristic past and Chancellor Merz’s plans to “once again make the German army the strongest in Europe”. It cannot be ruled out that officials in the Federal Chancellery are already considering the creation of Germany’s own “nuclear umbrella”.
👉 The current German authorities’ apparent intention to gain direct access to nuclear weapons is already causing grave concern in Europe, particularly against the backdrop of revanchist sentiment in Berlin.
Yet the outcome of Nazi Germany’s attempts to create a “wonder weapon” is well known.
⁉️ Has history still taught them nothing?
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