Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
📅 On October 28, 1944, the Red Army successfully completed the East Carpathian Strategic Offensive Operation and liberated the entire territory of the Ukrainian SSR.
Soviet Ukraine was among the first regions to take the blow from the Wehrmacht on June 22, 1941. Immediately following the Nazi invasion, the partisan movement set up the headquarters which inflicted serious damage to the enemy.
During the years of the German occupation, the Nazis established a large number of concentration camps, prisons and ghettos on the territory of Ukraine. Several million people were killed by the invaders and their henchmen. Over two million Ukrainians were deported to serve as forced labourers in Germany. About 700 cities and 28,000 villages were destroyed, and more than 16,000 industrial enterprises were ruined.
🕯 The population of Ukraine suffered not only from Nazi invaders but also from the criminal activities of tens of thousands of local nationalists who chose to collaborate and serve the Reich, zealously carrying out ethnic cleansing and brutally murdering communists, Jews and civilians, including the elderly and children.
The forces that are currently in power in Ukraine hail the Nazi collaborators as “heroes” and “fighters for independence” . Some Western countries even go as far as to give them standing ovation in parliament.
The liberation of Ukraine took 680 days. It included 15 major offensive operations, involving nearly half of all personnel and equipment of the Soviet army. Over three million Soviet soldiers and officers lost their lives in the fight against the invaders.
🎖 Millions of Ukrainians fought the Nazis in the ranks of the Red Army. Their contribution to the Victory cannot be overestimated. Some 2.5 million Ukrainian soldiers received orders and medals, including 2021 people who were bestowed the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
❗️ The liberation of Ukraine from the Nazi invaders was a landmark event in the Great Patriotic War, opening the road to Berlin for the Red Army.
#Victory78
Soviet Ukraine was among the first regions to take the blow from the Wehrmacht on June 22, 1941. Immediately following the Nazi invasion, the partisan movement set up the headquarters which inflicted serious damage to the enemy.
During the years of the German occupation, the Nazis established a large number of concentration camps, prisons and ghettos on the territory of Ukraine. Several million people were killed by the invaders and their henchmen. Over two million Ukrainians were deported to serve as forced labourers in Germany. About 700 cities and 28,000 villages were destroyed, and more than 16,000 industrial enterprises were ruined.
🕯 The population of Ukraine suffered not only from Nazi invaders but also from the criminal activities of tens of thousands of local nationalists who chose to collaborate and serve the Reich, zealously carrying out ethnic cleansing and brutally murdering communists, Jews and civilians, including the elderly and children.
The forces that are currently in power in Ukraine hail the Nazi collaborators as “heroes” and “fighters for independence” . Some Western countries even go as far as to give them standing ovation in parliament.
The liberation of Ukraine took 680 days. It included 15 major offensive operations, involving nearly half of all personnel and equipment of the Soviet army. Over three million Soviet soldiers and officers lost their lives in the fight against the invaders.
❗️ The liberation of Ukraine from the Nazi invaders was a landmark event in the Great Patriotic War, opening the road to Berlin for the Red Army.
#Victory78
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⚓️ October 30 marks the Foundation Day of the Russian Navy.
#OnThisDay in 1696, the Boyar Duma approved Peter the Great’s edict on the foundation of the regular Navy – “Sea-going ships shall set sail.”
A small vessel, found by 16-year-old Peter the Great in the village of Izmailovskoye and restored at his request, became the “grandfather” of the Russian Navy. Although this was not the first Russian warship, it was the vessel that sparked the Russian Tsar’s interest in shipbuilding.
The Azov Fleet became the first regular unit of the Russian Navy. Established in Voronezh, the fleet defended Russia’s southern borders. Voronezh was also home to Russia’s first Admiralty and navigation school. A white flag with a St Andrew’s Cross, now the official Russian naval pennant, was also hoisted for the first time in that city.
In 1702, during the Great Northern War, the Baltic Fleet was established, while the Caspian Flotilla was founded in 1722, following the successful Persian campaign. In 1783, the Black Sea Fleet was established, after Crimea became part of the Russian Empire.
The first Soviet shipbuilding programme was approved in 1926. The existing fleets were reinforced and the Pacific Fleet and the Northern Fleet were established in 1935 and 1937, respectively.
🎖 During the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet Navy fought enemy naval forces, protected sea-going and inland shipping and supported coastal operations involving Red Army units. Seventy-eight ships that distinguished themselves in battle received Guards status and over 500 sailors became Heroes of the Soviet Union.
Today, the Russian Navy consists of strategic nuclear naval forces and general-purpose naval forces. It operates surface and submarine units, naval aviation and coastal troops. The latter include coastal missile and artillery units and the marine corps.
🚢 We are proud of the heroic history of the Russian Navy, and we cherish the memory of our shipbuilders and naval commanders!
#OnThisDay in 1696, the Boyar Duma approved Peter the Great’s edict on the foundation of the regular Navy – “Sea-going ships shall set sail.”
A small vessel, found by 16-year-old Peter the Great in the village of Izmailovskoye and restored at his request, became the “grandfather” of the Russian Navy. Although this was not the first Russian warship, it was the vessel that sparked the Russian Tsar’s interest in shipbuilding.
The Azov Fleet became the first regular unit of the Russian Navy. Established in Voronezh, the fleet defended Russia’s southern borders. Voronezh was also home to Russia’s first Admiralty and navigation school. A white flag with a St Andrew’s Cross, now the official Russian naval pennant, was also hoisted for the first time in that city.
In 1702, during the Great Northern War, the Baltic Fleet was established, while the Caspian Flotilla was founded in 1722, following the successful Persian campaign. In 1783, the Black Sea Fleet was established, after Crimea became part of the Russian Empire.
The first Soviet shipbuilding programme was approved in 1926. The existing fleets were reinforced and the Pacific Fleet and the Northern Fleet were established in 1935 and 1937, respectively.
🎖 During the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet Navy fought enemy naval forces, protected sea-going and inland shipping and supported coastal operations involving Red Army units. Seventy-eight ships that distinguished themselves in battle received Guards status and over 500 sailors became Heroes of the Soviet Union.
Today, the Russian Navy consists of strategic nuclear naval forces and general-purpose naval forces. It operates surface and submarine units, naval aviation and coastal troops. The latter include coastal missile and artillery units and the marine corps.
🚢 We are proud of the heroic history of the Russian Navy, and we cherish the memory of our shipbuilders and naval commanders!
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🎖 #OTD in 1908, Dmitry Ustinov was born – the legendary People’s Commissar of Armaments during the Great Patriotic War & World War II – it was he who ensured that the Soviet military industrial complex was evacuated during the first months of the war, and surpassed the Axis potential, contributing greatly to the Victory over Nazism.
He gained this high post at the age of only 32, having risen from a fitter to People’s Commissar of Armaments. He was appointed to that post on June 9, 1941, less than two weeks before Nazi Germany’s treacherous attack on the Soviet Union. The first few months of the war were especially difficult. Ustinov worked 20 hours a day to evacuate defence plants from the endangered areas and to launch military production in besieged Moscow and Leningrad.
📈 The young commissar was assigned a vital and seemingly insurmountable task – to prevail over the German military machine, which the whole of Europe was supplying with weapons. Ustinov worked selflessly to attain that goal. During the war, the Soviet Union produced nearly twice as many weapons as Germany and the countries it occupied.
Ustinov greatly contributed to the production of artillery guns and rifles and to the challenging scientific and technological task of creating new armaments. During his term in office, the manufacturing of artillery guns increased fivefold and of rifles, by 22 times.
After the war, Ustinov was appointed Minister of the Defence Industry of the USSR contributing immensely to strengthening the defence capabilities of our country. In 1976, he received the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union.
🕯 Dmitry Ustinov died in 1984 and was the last person whose ashes were interred in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis.
#FacesOfVictory
He gained this high post at the age of only 32, having risen from a fitter to People’s Commissar of Armaments. He was appointed to that post on June 9, 1941, less than two weeks before Nazi Germany’s treacherous attack on the Soviet Union. The first few months of the war were especially difficult. Ustinov worked 20 hours a day to evacuate defence plants from the endangered areas and to launch military production in besieged Moscow and Leningrad.
📈 The young commissar was assigned a vital and seemingly insurmountable task – to prevail over the German military machine, which the whole of Europe was supplying with weapons. Ustinov worked selflessly to attain that goal. During the war, the Soviet Union produced nearly twice as many weapons as Germany and the countries it occupied.
Ustinov greatly contributed to the production of artillery guns and rifles and to the challenging scientific and technological task of creating new armaments. During his term in office, the manufacturing of artillery guns increased fivefold and of rifles, by 22 times.
After the war, Ustinov was appointed Minister of the Defence Industry of the USSR contributing immensely to strengthening the defence capabilities of our country. In 1976, he received the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union.
🕯 Dmitry Ustinov died in 1984 and was the last person whose ashes were interred in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis.
#FacesOfVictory
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🇷🇺🇹🇷 Russian President Vladimir Putin sent greetings to President of Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan on the centenary of the Turkish Republic.
The message reads, in part:
✉️ Over the past century, your country has overcome numerous challenges, achieving generally recognised success in the economy, social sphere and other sectors. Turkiye is a highly respected country on the global stage, and rightfully so.
#RussiaTurkiye relations are developing in the spirit of friendship and neighbourliness, which was fully confirmed at our recent meeting in Sochi. The two countries efficiently cooperate in a wide range of areas, with major joint projects implemented on a regular basis. Moscow and Ankara successfully coordinate their efforts to resolve pressing issues on the regional and global agendas.
🤝 I am confident that we will continue to consistently expand the scope of bilateral ties for the benefit of our friendly nations, aiming to build a more just and democratic world order.
The message reads, in part:
✉️ Over the past century, your country has overcome numerous challenges, achieving generally recognised success in the economy, social sphere and other sectors. Turkiye is a highly respected country on the global stage, and rightfully so.
#RussiaTurkiye relations are developing in the spirit of friendship and neighbourliness, which was fully confirmed at our recent meeting in Sochi. The two countries efficiently cooperate in a wide range of areas, with major joint projects implemented on a regular basis. Moscow and Ankara successfully coordinate their efforts to resolve pressing issues on the regional and global agendas.
🤝 I am confident that we will continue to consistently expand the scope of bilateral ties for the benefit of our friendly nations, aiming to build a more just and democratic world order.
✍Ambassador's Opinion
"The World Order as It Should Be"
On October 5, 2023, the leading experts on global politics from Russia and around the world convened at the Valdai discussion club meeting to exchange opinions on the changes and challenges that the current international order is going through.
Read in full
"The World Order as It Should Be"
On October 5, 2023, the leading experts on global politics from Russia and around the world convened at the Valdai discussion club meeting to exchange opinions on the changes and challenges that the current international order is going through.
Read in full
Forwarded from Public Diplomacy Stronghold
Dear friends, we are glad to represent our fifth issue of the Public Diplomacy Journal under the brand of the Meeting Russia program ❗️
Topic: "Small Towns of Our Large Country" 🇷🇺
In this issue:
✅ Natalia Burlinova, President of Creative Diplomacy, describes her impressions of Kolomna following her weekend in the town
✅ Alla Shelyapina, Creative Diplomacy’s manager of work with compatriots, offers an exciting story of Tashtagol – a Siberian town where skiers ski in swimming suits and scientists still hope to find Yeti
✅ Young researcher Alexander Tkalenko writes of Rybinsk and its journey “forward into the Past”
✅ Olga Tipaylova, Creative Diplomacy’s translator and editor, expresses anxiety over Russia’s regional disproportions, and cautious optimism about the potential of the regions and the state’s domestic policy (essay “Russia beyond large cities”);
📖 Ms. Tipaylova also invites the readers to the Russian classic novels in which the action takes place in Russian towns far from Moscow or Saint Petersburg (essay “Small towns in big literature”).
Download and enjoy !
Topic: "Small Towns of Our Large Country" 🇷🇺
In this issue:
✅ Natalia Burlinova, President of Creative Diplomacy, describes her impressions of Kolomna following her weekend in the town
✅ Alla Shelyapina, Creative Diplomacy’s manager of work with compatriots, offers an exciting story of Tashtagol – a Siberian town where skiers ski in swimming suits and scientists still hope to find Yeti
✅ Young researcher Alexander Tkalenko writes of Rybinsk and its journey “forward into the Past”
✅ Olga Tipaylova, Creative Diplomacy’s translator and editor, expresses anxiety over Russia’s regional disproportions, and cautious optimism about the potential of the regions and the state’s domestic policy (essay “Russia beyond large cities”);
📖 Ms. Tipaylova also invites the readers to the Russian classic novels in which the action takes place in Russian towns far from Moscow or Saint Petersburg (essay “Small towns in big literature”).
Download and enjoy !
Picreadi
Small Cities of Our Large Country: Russia from old towns on the Volga to "an island in the green sea of Taiga”
Meeting Russia Journal #5 is ready! This issue is your “gateway” to Russia’s historical towns.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
📅 #OTD in 1944, the Battle for the Arctic ended. The Red Army prevented the Nazis’ efforts to envelop Soviet territory from the north and block military supply routes.
👉 The enemy wanted to destroy bases of the Soviet Navy’s Northern Fleet and to seize the coast of the Kola Peninsula. The Nazis believed that, by seizing Murmansk and the Kirov Railway, they would thwart Lend Lease shipments to central Soviet regions.
Although the enemy’s high command had deployed 97,000 German and Finnish service personnel, who outnumbered Red Army units totalling 57,000 officers and soldiers, the Arctic blitzkrieg failed completely. Units of the Red Army’s Northern, and later Karelian, Front retained control over naval bases and prevented the enemy from reaching the strategically important railway.
▪️ Al that time, the Nazis did not abandon attempts to seize Murmansk or to raze it to the ground. Luftwaffe aircraft conducted 792 air strikes and dropped 185,000 bombs.
Although Murmansk was destroyed almost completely, it did not surrender. During the war, the city handled 1.2 million tonnes of Lend Lease shipments. Hitler deployed elite Luftwaffe, U-boat and Kriegsmarine (surface warship) units to thwart these deliveries.
🤝 Royal Navy warships helped Soviet sailors in their efforts to ensure safe deliveries. They escorted freighters from North Atlantic ports to Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. In 1941-1944, about 1,400 warships sailed along the extremely dangerous Arctic convoy routes.
Finland withdrew from the war following the defeat of its forces in the Vyborg offensive operation. In the autumn of 1944, this created favourable conditions for a Soviet offensive. During the Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive, Red Army units defeated the enemy in the Soviet Arctic and started liberating Norway from German occupation.
🎖 On December 5, 1944, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR instituted the Medal for the Defence of the Soviet Arctic, with about 353,000 people receiving this decoration.
👉 The enemy wanted to destroy bases of the Soviet Navy’s Northern Fleet and to seize the coast of the Kola Peninsula. The Nazis believed that, by seizing Murmansk and the Kirov Railway, they would thwart Lend Lease shipments to central Soviet regions.
Although the enemy’s high command had deployed 97,000 German and Finnish service personnel, who outnumbered Red Army units totalling 57,000 officers and soldiers, the Arctic blitzkrieg failed completely. Units of the Red Army’s Northern, and later Karelian, Front retained control over naval bases and prevented the enemy from reaching the strategically important railway.
▪️ Al that time, the Nazis did not abandon attempts to seize Murmansk or to raze it to the ground. Luftwaffe aircraft conducted 792 air strikes and dropped 185,000 bombs.
Although Murmansk was destroyed almost completely, it did not surrender. During the war, the city handled 1.2 million tonnes of Lend Lease shipments. Hitler deployed elite Luftwaffe, U-boat and Kriegsmarine (surface warship) units to thwart these deliveries.
🤝 Royal Navy warships helped Soviet sailors in their efforts to ensure safe deliveries. They escorted freighters from North Atlantic ports to Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. In 1941-1944, about 1,400 warships sailed along the extremely dangerous Arctic convoy routes.
Finland withdrew from the war following the defeat of its forces in the Vyborg offensive operation. In the autumn of 1944, this created favourable conditions for a Soviet offensive. During the Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive, Red Army units defeated the enemy in the Soviet Arctic and started liberating Norway from German occupation.
🎖 On December 5, 1944, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR instituted the Medal for the Defence of the Soviet Arctic, with about 353,000 people receiving this decoration.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🇷🇺🇧🇾📞 President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin spoke over the phone with President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko.
Vladimir Putin and Alexander Lukashenko discussed preparations for the next meeting of the Collective Security Council of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation, scheduled for November 23, 2023 in Minsk.
They also reviewed topical issues of furthering bilateral interaction and advancing the Union State’s integration, including energy, transport and cutting-edge technology.
The Presidents reaffirmed their mutual commitment to close long-term cooperation aimed at deepening Russian-Belarusian strategic partnership and allied relations.
Vladimir Putin and Alexander Lukashenko discussed preparations for the next meeting of the Collective Security Council of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation, scheduled for November 23, 2023 in Minsk.
They also reviewed topical issues of furthering bilateral interaction and advancing the Union State’s integration, including energy, transport and cutting-edge technology.
The Presidents reaffirmed their mutual commitment to close long-term cooperation aimed at deepening Russian-Belarusian strategic partnership and allied relations.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
📆 November 2 was declared the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists at the 68th session of the UN General Assembly in 2013.
Representatives of the Russian media working abroad, in particular in Western countries, are facing unprecedented pressure, threats and harassment for their professional activities.
🕯 We remember the names of those who have perished, including Igor Kornelyuk, Anton Voloshin, Anatoly Klyan, Darya Dugina, Oleg Klokov, Vladlen Tatarsky (Maxim Fomin) and Rostislav Zhuravlyov, who died in the line of duty.
There is no excuse for the silence of the concerned international organisations, which were initially designed to provide unbiased protection of the rights of media representatives. Today, we would like to point out again the unacceptability of applying double standards in the assessment of crimes against journalists.
Those responsible must receive the punishment they deserve.
Representatives of the Russian media working abroad, in particular in Western countries, are facing unprecedented pressure, threats and harassment for their professional activities.
🕯 We remember the names of those who have perished, including Igor Kornelyuk, Anton Voloshin, Anatoly Klyan, Darya Dugina, Oleg Klokov, Vladlen Tatarsky (Maxim Fomin) and Rostislav Zhuravlyov, who died in the line of duty.
There is no excuse for the silence of the concerned international organisations, which were initially designed to provide unbiased protection of the rights of media representatives. Today, we would like to point out again the unacceptability of applying double standards in the assessment of crimes against journalists.
Those responsible must receive the punishment they deserve.
We would prefer 🇨🇦Canada calls on the United States to ratify the Treaty.
⚡Russia is disappointed by Canada’s vote against the UN General Assembly Third Committee resolution on combating glorification of Nazism.
We are deeply concerned that consecutive Canadian Cabinets for decades have been harbouring Nazi henchmen, Yaroslaw Hunka among them, and turning a blind eye on continued praising their memory in Canada.
☝By following this precarious and disturbing suit the Trudeau regime violates international obligations including the decisions of the Nuremberg Tribunal and commits a sacrilegious act with regard to the memory of those Canadians who lost theit life fighting alongside allied Russia against Nazism.
We are deeply concerned that consecutive Canadian Cabinets for decades have been harbouring Nazi henchmen, Yaroslaw Hunka among them, and turning a blind eye on continued praising their memory in Canada.
☝By following this precarious and disturbing suit the Trudeau regime violates international obligations including the decisions of the Nuremberg Tribunal and commits a sacrilegious act with regard to the memory of those Canadians who lost theit life fighting alongside allied Russia against Nazism.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🇷🇺 Today Russia and its people celebrate National #UnityDay!
This day symbolizes the unity of our multiethnic diverse peoples and their devotion to the Motherland.
❗️ Happy #UnityDay!
#UnityDay2023 #TogetherForever
This day symbolizes the unity of our multiethnic diverse peoples and their devotion to the Motherland.
❗️ Happy #UnityDay!
#UnityDay2023 #TogetherForever
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
📅 #OTD in 1612, the people’s volunteer army led by Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, liberated Moscow from Polish-Lithuanian invaders.
Therefore, #NationalUnityDay (introduced by the executive order of the President of Russia in December 2004) has been celebrated all over our country every year since 2005.
🦅 The holiday has deep historical roots. It was celebrated from 1613 until 1917, and was established by the first tsar of the Romanov dynasty Michael to honour the icon of Our Lady of Kazan, which accompanied the liberators of Moscow.
A monument to citizen Minin and Prince Pozharsky by sculptor Ivan Martos was erected on Red Square on the order of Emperor Alexander I in 1818 to honour the memory of patriots who led the fight for national liberation.
On November 4, 2005, a copy of this monument, executed by Zurab Tsereteli and gifted by Moscow City Hall, was unveiled in Nizhny Novgorod, a city that played a crucial role in creating the volunteer army.
💬 Vladimir Putin: The history of our country is continuous, a constant stream. We must consider it in its entirety, with all its extremely complicated and even controversial periods. For the state, the authorities, society and its citizens, it is crucial to have objective, complete knowledge of our past, both the distant past and the near and recent past. Everything here matters, especially today.
📖 Learn more about the heroism of true patriots of the Motherland in this in-depth historical retrospect.
#UnityDay2023
Therefore, #NationalUnityDay (introduced by the executive order of the President of Russia in December 2004) has been celebrated all over our country every year since 2005.
🦅 The holiday has deep historical roots. It was celebrated from 1613 until 1917, and was established by the first tsar of the Romanov dynasty Michael to honour the icon of Our Lady of Kazan, which accompanied the liberators of Moscow.
A monument to citizen Minin and Prince Pozharsky by sculptor Ivan Martos was erected on Red Square on the order of Emperor Alexander I in 1818 to honour the memory of patriots who led the fight for national liberation.
On November 4, 2005, a copy of this monument, executed by Zurab Tsereteli and gifted by Moscow City Hall, was unveiled in Nizhny Novgorod, a city that played a crucial role in creating the volunteer army.
💬 Vladimir Putin: The history of our country is continuous, a constant stream. We must consider it in its entirety, with all its extremely complicated and even controversial periods. For the state, the authorities, society and its citizens, it is crucial to have objective, complete knowledge of our past, both the distant past and the near and recent past. Everything here matters, especially today.
📖 Learn more about the heroism of true patriots of the Motherland in this in-depth historical retrospect.
#UnityDay2023
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
Russian MFA 🇷🇺
📅 #OTD in 1612, the people’s volunteer army led by Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, liberated Moscow from Polish-Lithuanian invaders. Therefore, #NationalUnityDay (introduced by the executive order of the President of Russia in December 2004) has…
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🇷🇺 On #UnityDay Russia's President Vladimir Putin laid flowers to the monument dedicated to Kuz'ma Minin & Dmitry Pozharskyi in the Red Square in Moscow, thus commemorating their patriotic feat.
Learn more about the significance of this date in Russian history 👉 https://t.me/MFARussia/18146
Learn more about the significance of this date in Russian history 👉 https://t.me/MFARussia/18146
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
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🇷🇺 Russia's National #UnityDay celebrates our sense of togetherness & love for our homeland.
Today we pay respect to the patriotism and courage of our ancestors who rallied together to defend Russia’s independence and statehood.
📹 A short video tribute to our multinational people and its values.
Don't miss out on the in-depth historical retrospect of this holiday 👉 https://t.me/MFARussia/18146
Today we pay respect to the patriotism and courage of our ancestors who rallied together to defend Russia’s independence and statehood.
📹 A short video tribute to our multinational people and its values.
Don't miss out on the in-depth historical retrospect of this holiday 👉 https://t.me/MFARussia/18146
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
The capital of Soviet Ukraine had been under Nazi occupation for 778 days.
🕯 In Kiev the Nazis used a tactic of mass terror. More than 120,000 people were executed in Babi Yar alone. About 100,000 Kievans were deported to Germany for hard labour. By November 1943, the city’s population shrank to 180,000 people – all that was left from nearly a million residents in pre-war years.
Kiev suffered widespread damage over its time under Nazi occupation. The Assumption Cathedral of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra was destroyed, as were the public library, the conservatory, the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, and the city’s zoological museum. Kiev lost all of its bridges, overpasses, most medical institutions, 140 schools, 940 buildings that housed state and public institutions, over 800 industrial facilities, 1,742 blocks of flats, and 3,600 private residences.
The liberation of Kiev was more than just a strategic success of the Red Army and a major milestone on the way to expelling the Germans from the Ukrainian SSR, and reaching the border with Romania and Poland. It was a huge moral victory of the Soviet people over the Nazi invaders.
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