Goldman Sachs senior data analyst interview asked questions

SQL

1 find avg of salaries department wise from table
2 Write a SQL query to see employee name and manager name using a self-join on 'employees' table with columns 'emp_id', 'name', and 'manager_id'.
3 newest joinee for every department (solved using lead lag)

POWER BI

1. What does Filter context in DAX mean?
2. Explain how to implement Row-Level Security (RLS) in Power BI.
3. Describe different types of filters in Power BI.
4. Explain the difference between 'ALL' and 'ALLSELECTED' in DAX.
5. How do you calculate the total sales for a specific product using DAX?

PYTHON

1. Create a dictionary, add elements to it, modify an element, and then print the dictionary in alphabetical order of keys.
2. Find unique values in a list of assorted numbers and print the count of how many times each value is repeated.
3. Find and print duplicate values in a list of assorted numbers, along with the number of times each value is repeated.

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Python for Data Analysis: Must-Know Libraries 👇👇

Python is one of the most powerful tools for Data Analysts, and these libraries will supercharge your data analysis workflow by helping you clean, manipulate, and visualize data efficiently.

🔥 Essential Python Libraries for Data Analysis:

✅ Pandas – The go-to library for data manipulation. It helps in filtering, grouping, merging datasets, handling missing values, and transforming data into a structured format.

📌 Example: Loading a CSV file and displaying the first 5 rows:

import pandas as pd df = pd.read_csv('data.csv') print(df.head()) 

✅ NumPy – Used for handling numerical data and performing complex calculations. It provides support for multi-dimensional arrays and efficient mathematical operations.

📌 Example: Creating an array and performing basic operations:

import numpy as np arr = np.array([10, 20, 30]) print(arr.mean()) # Calculates the average 

✅ Matplotlib & Seaborn – These are used for creating visualizations like line graphs, bar charts, and scatter plots to understand trends and patterns in data.

📌 Example: Creating a basic bar chart:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.bar(['A', 'B', 'C'], [5, 7, 3]) plt.show() 

✅ Scikit-Learn – A must-learn library if you want to apply machine learning techniques like regression, classification, and clustering on your dataset.

✅ OpenPyXL – Helps in automating Excel reports using Python by reading, writing, and modifying Excel files.

💡 Challenge for You!
Try writing a Python script that:
1️⃣ Reads a CSV file
2️⃣ Cleans missing data
3️⃣ Creates a simple visualization

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Share with credits: https://t.me/sqlspecialist

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Check out the list of top 10 Python projects on GitHub given below.

1. Magenta: Explore the artist inside you with this python project. A Google Brain’s brainchild, it leverages deep learning and reinforcement learning algorithms to create drawings, music, and other similar artistic products.

2. Photon: Designing web crawlers can be fun with the Photon project. It is a fast crawler designed for open-source intelligence tools. Photon project helps you perform data crawling functions, which include extracting data from URLs, e-mails, social media accounts, XML and pdf files, and Amazon buckets.

3. Mail Pile: Want to learn some encrypting tricks? This project on GitHub can help you learn to send and receive PGP encrypted electronic mails. Powered by Bayesian classifiers, it is capable of automatic tagging and handling huge volumes of email data, all organized in a clean web interface.

4. XS Strike: XS Strike helps you design a vulnerability to check your network’s security. It is a security suite developed to detect vulnerability attacks. XSS attacks inject malicious scripts into web pages. XSS’s features include four handwritten parsers, a payload generator, a fuzzing engine, and a fast crawler.

5. Google Images Download: It is a script that looks for keywords and phrases to optionally download the image files. All you need to do is, replicate the source code of this project to get a sense of how it works in practice.

6. Pandas Project: Pandas library is a collection of data structures that can be used for flexible data analysis and data manipulation. Compared to other libraries, its flexibility, intuitiveness, and automated data manipulation processes make it a better choice for data manipulation.

7. Xonsh: Used for designing interactive applications without the need for command-line interpreters like Unix. It is a Python-powered Shell language that commands promptly. An easily scriptable application that comes with a standard library, and various types of variables and has its own virtual environment management system.

8. Manim: The Mathematical Animation Engine, Manim, can create video explainers. Using Python 3.7, it produces animated videos, with added illustrations and display graphs. Its source code is freely available on GitHub and for tutorials and installation guides, you can refer to their 3Blue1Brown YouTube channel.

9. AI Basketball Analysis: It is an artificial intelligence application that analyses basketball shots using an object detection concept. All you need to do is upload the files or submit them as a post requests to the API. Then the OpenPose library carries out the calculations to generate the results.

10. Rebound: A great project to put Python to use in building Stackoverflow content, this tool is built on the Urwid console user interface, and solves compiler errors. Using this tool, you can learn how the Beautiful Soup package scrapes StackOverflow and how subprocesses work to find compiler errors.

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Technical Round:

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3) Discuss about improving engine
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3) What are your weakness and strong
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4) Can you tell us any instance of your
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