COMMON TERMINOLOGIES IN PYTHON - PART 1

Have you ever gotten into a discussion with a programmer before? Did you find some of the Terminologies mentioned strange or you didn't fully understand them?

In this series, we would be looking at the common Terminologies in python.

It is important to know these Terminologies to be able to professionally/properly explain your codes to people and/or to be able to understand what people say in an instant when these codes are mentioned. Below are a few:

IDLE (Integrated Development and Learning Environment) - this is an environment that allows you to easily write Python code. IDLE can be used to execute a single statements and create, modify, and execute Python scripts.

Python Shell - This is the interactive environment that allows you to type in python code and execute them immediately

System Python - This is the version of python that comes with your operating system

Prompt - usually represented by the symbol ">>>" and it simply means that python is waiting for you to give it some instructions

REPL (Read-Evaluate-Print-Loop) - this refers to the sequence of events in your interactive window in form of a loop (python reads the code inputted>the code is evaluated>output is printed)

Argument - this is a value that is passed to a function when called eg print("Hello World")... "Hello World" is the argument that is being passed.

Function - this is a code that takes some input, known as arguments, processes that input and produces an output called a return value. E.g print("Hello World")... print is the function

Return Value - this is the value that a function returns to the calling script or function when it completes its task (in other words, Output). E.g.
>>> print("Hello World")
Hello World
Where Hello World is your return value.

Note: A return value can be any of these variable types: handle, integer, object, or string

Script - This is a file where you store your python code in a text file and execute all of the code with a single command

Script files - this is a file containing a group of python scripts

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Python Terminologies: Part 2

Exception - An exception is an event that occurs during the execution of a program that disrupts the normal flow of instructions. It is an error condition that indicates something unexpected happened. Exceptions can be caught and handled using try-except blocks.

Syntax Error - A syntax error is a type of error that occurs when the code violates the syntax rules of the programming language. It usually prevents the code from being executed and is detected by the Python interpreter during parsing.

Indentation - Indentation refers to the spaces or tabs used at the beginning of a line to define the structure and hierarchy of code blocks in Python. Proper indentation is crucial in Python because it signifies the beginning and end of code blocks, such as loops, functions, and conditional statements.

Loop - A loop is a programming construct that repeats a block of code multiple times until a certain condition is met. Python supports different types of loops, including for loops and while loops, which are used to iterate over sequences or execute code repeatedly.

Iterable - An iterable is an object that can be iterated over, meaning it can be used in a loop to iterate over its elements one by one. Examples of iterables in Python include lists, tuples, dictionaries, strings, and other collection types.

Indexing - Indexing is the process of accessing individual elements or characters within a data structure, such as a list, tuple, or string, using their position or index. In Python, indexing starts from 0, meaning the first element of a sequence has an index of 0, the second element has an index of 1, and so on.

Slice - A slice is a portion of a sequence (e.g., a list, tuple, or string) extracted using a specified range of indices. Slicing allows you to extract sublists, substrings, or subsequences from a larger sequence by specifying start, stop, and step values within square brackets.

Understanding these Python terminologies will deepen your comprehension of Python programming concepts and improve your ability to write and understand Python code effectively. If you have any questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!

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The code shows a class Planet with two init methods defined. In Python, a class cannot have multiple init methods; it can only have one init method. If you try to define more than one, the last one defined will overwrite any previous definitions.

Therefore, when creating an instance of the Planet class, the last init method defined will be called, which in this case will print '2'. So the output of the code will be 2.

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