Clean code tip in Python:

Avoid naive datetime objects — always use those that consider the time zone.

Work with them in UTC, and show the user only in their local timezone.

import datetime
from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo

# BAD
now = datetime.datetime.now()

print(now.isoformat())
# 2025-10-21T15:03:07.332217

# GOOD
now = datetime.datetime.now(tz=ZoneInfo("UTC"))
print(now.isoformat())
# 2025-10-21T12:04:22.573590+00:00

print(now.astimezone().isoformat())
# 2025-10-21T15:04:22.573590+03:00

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❔ Interview Question

What is the difference between __str__ and __repr__ methods in Python classes, and when would you implementstr
__str__ returns a human-readable string representation of an object (e.g., via print(obj)), making it user-friendly for displayrepr__repr__ aims for a more detailed, unambiguous string that's ideally executable as code (like repr(obj)), useful for debugging—imstr __str__ for end-user outrepr__repr__ for developer tools or str __str__ is defined.

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