#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Researchers propose a simpler design for quantum computers
Today's quantum computers are complicated to build, difficult to scale up, and require temperatures colder than interstellar space to operate. These challenges have led researchers to explore the possibility of building quantum computers that work using photons—particles of light. Photons can easily carry information from one place to another, and photonic quantum computers can operate at room temperature, so this approach is promising. However, although people have successfully created individual quantum "logic gates" for photons, it's challenging to construct large numbers of gates and connect them in a reliable fashion to perform complex calculations.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Researchers propose a simpler design for quantum computers
Today's quantum computers are complicated to build, difficult to scale up, and require temperatures colder than interstellar space to operate. These challenges have led researchers to explore the possibility of building quantum computers that work using photons—particles of light. Photons can easily carry information from one place to another, and photonic quantum computers can operate at room temperature, so this approach is promising. However, although people have successfully created individual quantum "logic gates" for photons, it's challenging to construct large numbers of gates and connect them in a reliable fashion to perform complex calculations.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Researchers propose a simpler design for quantum computers
Today's quantum computers are complicated to build, difficult to scale up, and require temperatures colder than interstellar space to operate. These challenges have led researchers to explore the possibility ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Three-dimensional imaging with optical frequency combs
Holography is a powerful technique of photography of a light field without a lens for 3D imaging and display. Now, scientists at the Max-Planck Institute of Quantum Optics are moving holography forward by implementing it with optical frequency combs. Thousands of holograms over all colors of the rainbow can be recorded. Via digital processing, each hologram provides a three-dimensional image of the scene in which the focusing distance can be chosen at will. Combining all these holograms renders the geometrical shape of the three-dimensional object with high precision and no ambiguity. At the same time, other diagnostics can be performed by the frequency combs: Here, the scientists show molecule-selective imaging of a cloud of ammonia vapor.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Three-dimensional imaging with optical frequency combs
Holography is a powerful technique of photography of a light field without a lens for 3D imaging and display. Now, scientists at the Max-Planck Institute of Quantum Optics are moving holography forward by implementing it with optical frequency combs. Thousands of holograms over all colors of the rainbow can be recorded. Via digital processing, each hologram provides a three-dimensional image of the scene in which the focusing distance can be chosen at will. Combining all these holograms renders the geometrical shape of the three-dimensional object with high precision and no ambiguity. At the same time, other diagnostics can be performed by the frequency combs: Here, the scientists show molecule-selective imaging of a cloud of ammonia vapor.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Three-dimensional imaging with optical frequency combs
Holography is a powerful technique of photography of a light field without a lens for 3D imaging and display. Now, scientists at the Max-Planck Institute of Quantum Optics are moving holography forward ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Studying cosmic expansion using methods from many-body physics
It is almost always assumed in cosmological calculations that there is a even distribution of matter in the universe. This is because the calculations would be much too complicated if the position of every single star were to be included. In reality, the universe is not uniform: in some places there are stars and planets, in others there is just a void. Physicists Michael te Vrugt and Prof. Raphael Wittkowski from the Institute of Theoretical Physics and the Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN) at the University of Münster have, together with physicist Dr. Sabine Hossenfelder from the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), developed a new model for this problem. Their starting point was the Mori-Zwanzig formalism, a method for describing systems consisting of a large number of particles with a small number of measurands. The results of the study have now been published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Studying cosmic expansion using methods from many-body physics
It is almost always assumed in cosmological calculations that there is a even distribution of matter in the universe. This is because the calculations would be much too complicated if the position of every single star were to be included. In reality, the universe is not uniform: in some places there are stars and planets, in others there is just a void. Physicists Michael te Vrugt and Prof. Raphael Wittkowski from the Institute of Theoretical Physics and the Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN) at the University of Münster have, together with physicist Dr. Sabine Hossenfelder from the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), developed a new model for this problem. Their starting point was the Mori-Zwanzig formalism, a method for describing systems consisting of a large number of particles with a small number of measurands. The results of the study have now been published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Studying cosmic expansion using methods from many-body physics
It is almost always assumed in cosmological calculations that there is a even distribution of matter in the universe. This is because the calculations would be much too complicated if the position of ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Making lasers more efficient, versatile and compact
Their inner workings reside in the realm of physics, but lasers make everyday life possible. Talking on a cell phone or googling COVID stats while your apples and oranges are scanned at the checkout counter—lasers at every step.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Making lasers more efficient, versatile and compact
Their inner workings reside in the realm of physics, but lasers make everyday life possible. Talking on a cell phone or googling COVID stats while your apples and oranges are scanned at the checkout counter—lasers at every step.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Making lasers more efficient, versatile and compact
Their inner workings reside in the realm of physics, but lasers make everyday life possible. Talking on a cell phone or googling COVID stats while your apples and oranges are scanned at the checkout counter—lasers ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Physical features boost the efficiency of quantum simulations
Recent theoretical breakthroughs have settled two long-standing questions about the viability of simulating quantum systems on future quantum computers, overcoming challenges from complexity analyses to enable more advanced algorithms. Featured in two publications, the work by a quantum team at Los Alamos National Laboratory shows that physical properties of quantum systems allow for faster simulation techniques.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Physical features boost the efficiency of quantum simulations
Recent theoretical breakthroughs have settled two long-standing questions about the viability of simulating quantum systems on future quantum computers, overcoming challenges from complexity analyses to enable more advanced algorithms. Featured in two publications, the work by a quantum team at Los Alamos National Laboratory shows that physical properties of quantum systems allow for faster simulation techniques.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Physical features boost the efficiency of quantum simulations
Recent theoretical breakthroughs have settled two long-standing questions about the viability of simulating quantum systems on future quantum computers, overcoming challenges from complexity analyses ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Exotic six-quark particle predicted by supercomputers
The predicted existence of an exotic particle made up of six elementary particles known as quarks by RIKEN researchers could deepen our understanding of how quarks combine to form the nuclei of atoms.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Exotic six-quark particle predicted by supercomputers
The predicted existence of an exotic particle made up of six elementary particles known as quarks by RIKEN researchers could deepen our understanding of how quarks combine to form the nuclei of atoms.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Exotic six-quark particle predicted by supercomputers
The predicted existence of an exotic particle made up of six elementary particles known as quarks by RIKEN researchers could deepen our understanding of how quarks combine to form the nuclei of atoms.
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
New spin amplifier accelerates search for dark matter
Despite astrophysical evidence for the existence of dark matter, direct detection of its interaction with particles and fields of the standard model has not been achieved. Illuminating dark matter is the best hope of making progress in understanding the universe and would provide insights into astrophysics, cosmology and physics beyond the standard model.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
New spin amplifier accelerates search for dark matter
Despite astrophysical evidence for the existence of dark matter, direct detection of its interaction with particles and fields of the standard model has not been achieved. Illuminating dark matter is the best hope of making progress in understanding the universe and would provide insights into astrophysics, cosmology and physics beyond the standard model.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
New spin amplifier accelerates search for dark matter
Despite astrophysical evidence for the existence of dark matter, direct detection of its interaction with particles and fields of the standard model has not been achieved. Illuminating dark matter is ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Quantum theory needs complex numbers
Physicists construct theories to describe nature. Let us explain it through an analogy with something that we can do in our everyday life, like going on a hike in the mountains. To avoid getting lost, we generally use a map. The map is a representation of the mountain, with its houses, rivers, paths, etc. By using it, it is rather easy to find our way to the top of the mountain. But the map is not the mountain. The map constitutes the theory we use to represent the mountain's reality.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Quantum theory needs complex numbers
Physicists construct theories to describe nature. Let us explain it through an analogy with something that we can do in our everyday life, like going on a hike in the mountains. To avoid getting lost, we generally use a map. The map is a representation of the mountain, with its houses, rivers, paths, etc. By using it, it is rather easy to find our way to the top of the mountain. But the map is not the mountain. The map constitutes the theory we use to represent the mountain's reality.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Quantum theory needs complex numbers
Physicists construct theories to describe nature. Let us explain it through an analogy with something that we can do in our everyday life, like going on a hike in the mountains. To avoid getting lost, ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Gravitational wave scientists set their sights on dark matter
The technologies behind one of the biggest scientific breakthroughs of the century—the detection of gravitational waves—are now being used in the long-standing search for dark matter.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Gravitational wave scientists set their sights on dark matter
The technologies behind one of the biggest scientific breakthroughs of the century—the detection of gravitational waves—are now being used in the long-standing search for dark matter.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Gravitational wave scientists set their sights on dark matter
The technologies behind one of the biggest scientific breakthroughs of the century—the detection of gravitational waves—are now being used in the long-standing search for dark matter.
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Maybe 'boson clouds' could explain dark matter
The nature of dark matter continues to perplex astronomers. As the search for dark matter particles continues to turn up nothing, it's tempting to throw out the dark matter model altogether, but indirect evidence for the stuff continues to be strong. So what is it? One team has an idea, and they've published the results of their first search.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Maybe 'boson clouds' could explain dark matter
The nature of dark matter continues to perplex astronomers. As the search for dark matter particles continues to turn up nothing, it's tempting to throw out the dark matter model altogether, but indirect evidence for the stuff continues to be strong. So what is it? One team has an idea, and they've published the results of their first search.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Maybe 'boson clouds' could explain dark matter
The nature of dark matter continues to perplex astronomers. As the search for dark matter particles continues to turn up nothing, it's tempting to throw out the dark matter model altogether, but indirect ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Light-scattering dynamics could inform interpretation of Big Bang remnants
By confirming certain light-scattering dynamics first proposed a half-century ago, University of Nebraska–Lincoln physicists are casting fresh eyes on the universe-birthing fireworks ignited by the Big Bang nearly 14 billion years ago.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Light-scattering dynamics could inform interpretation of Big Bang remnants
By confirming certain light-scattering dynamics first proposed a half-century ago, University of Nebraska–Lincoln physicists are casting fresh eyes on the universe-birthing fireworks ignited by the Big Bang nearly 14 billion years ago.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Light-scattering dynamics could inform interpretation of Big Bang remnants
By confirming certain light-scattering dynamics first proposed a half-century ago, University of Nebraska–Lincoln physicists are casting fresh eyes on the universe-birthing fireworks ignited by the ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
The mystery of the small dimensionless number with a big effect
Non-dimensional numbers may sound like a scary, incomprehensible term reserved for scientists in a laboratory, but you have more experience with them than you know. The Mach number measures the speed of an object relative to the speed of sound, so whether measuring in kilometers per second or miles per hour, Mach 2 is always twice the speed of sound. With the COVID-19 pandemic still raging worldwide, R0 is an important number constantly in the news that measures how many people a person will infect over the course of an illness, whether that time period is days, weeks or months.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
The mystery of the small dimensionless number with a big effect
Non-dimensional numbers may sound like a scary, incomprehensible term reserved for scientists in a laboratory, but you have more experience with them than you know. The Mach number measures the speed of an object relative to the speed of sound, so whether measuring in kilometers per second or miles per hour, Mach 2 is always twice the speed of sound. With the COVID-19 pandemic still raging worldwide, R0 is an important number constantly in the news that measures how many people a person will infect over the course of an illness, whether that time period is days, weeks or months.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
The mystery of the small dimensionless number with a big effect
Non-dimensional numbers may sound like a scary, incomprehensible term reserved for scientists in a laboratory, but you have more experience with them than you know. The Mach number measures the speed ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Transmissive-detected laser speckle imaging for blood flow monitoring in thick tissue
Blood flow velocity is an important parameter reflecting vascular function. Abnormal vascular function is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis, thrombosis and so on. Therefore, the monitoring of flow velocity is not only an important research target, but also an important clinical indicator.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Transmissive-detected laser speckle imaging for blood flow monitoring in thick tissue
Blood flow velocity is an important parameter reflecting vascular function. Abnormal vascular function is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis, thrombosis and so on. Therefore, the monitoring of flow velocity is not only an important research target, but also an important clinical indicator.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Transmissive-detected laser speckle imaging for blood flow monitoring in thick tissue
Blood flow velocity is an important parameter reflecting vascular function. Abnormal vascular function is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis, ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Black holes and dark matter—are they one and the same?
Primordial black holes created in the first instants after the Big Bang—tiny ones smaller than the head of a pin and supermassive ones covering billions of miles—may account for all of the dark matter in the universe.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Black holes and dark matter—are they one and the same?
Primordial black holes created in the first instants after the Big Bang—tiny ones smaller than the head of a pin and supermassive ones covering billions of miles—may account for all of the dark matter in the universe.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Black holes and dark matter—are they one and the same?
Primordial black holes created in the first instants after the Big Bang—tiny ones smaller than the head of a pin and supermassive ones covering billions of miles—may account for all of the dark matter ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Matter and antimatter seem to respond equally to gravity
As part of an experiment to measure—to an extremely precise degree—the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, the RIKEN-led BASE collaboration at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, has found that, within the uncertainty of the experiment, matter and antimatter respond to gravity in the same way.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Matter and antimatter seem to respond equally to gravity
As part of an experiment to measure—to an extremely precise degree—the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, the RIKEN-led BASE collaboration at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, has found that, within the uncertainty of the experiment, matter and antimatter respond to gravity in the same way.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Matter and antimatter seem to respond equally to gravity
As part of an experiment to measure—to an extremely precise degree—the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, the RIKEN-led BASE collaboration at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, has found that, ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Terahertz light-driven spin-lattice control: A new potential path to faster and more efficient data storage
An international team of researchers from the University of Cologne (Germany), Radboud University Nijmegen (The Netherlands), the Ioffe Institute and the Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russia) has discovered a new mechanism to control spin-lattice interaction using ultrashort terahertz (THz) pulses (terahertz means 1012 hertz). This mechanism can open up new and elegant ways to control propagation of spin waves and thus make an important step to conceptually new technologies of data processing in future. The results have been published in Science.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Terahertz light-driven spin-lattice control: A new potential path to faster and more efficient data storage
An international team of researchers from the University of Cologne (Germany), Radboud University Nijmegen (The Netherlands), the Ioffe Institute and the Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russia) has discovered a new mechanism to control spin-lattice interaction using ultrashort terahertz (THz) pulses (terahertz means 1012 hertz). This mechanism can open up new and elegant ways to control propagation of spin waves and thus make an important step to conceptually new technologies of data processing in future. The results have been published in Science.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Terahertz light-driven spin-lattice control: A new potential path to faster and more efficient data storage
An international team of researchers from the University of Cologne (Germany), Radboud University Nijmegen (The Netherlands), the Ioffe Institute and the Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russia) has ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Manifolds in commonly used atomic fingerprints lead to failure in machine-learning four-body interactions
Atomic environment fingerprints, or structural descriptors, are used to describe the chemical environment around a reference atom. Encoding information such as bond-lengths to neighboring atoms or coordination numbers, these fingerprints are used, for example, as inputs in machine learning approaches or to eliminate redundant structures in structural searches
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Manifolds in commonly used atomic fingerprints lead to failure in machine-learning four-body interactions
Atomic environment fingerprints, or structural descriptors, are used to describe the chemical environment around a reference atom. Encoding information such as bond-lengths to neighboring atoms or coordination numbers, these fingerprints are used, for example, as inputs in machine learning approaches or to eliminate redundant structures in structural searches
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Manifolds in commonly used atomic fingerprints lead to failure in machine-learning four-body interactions
Atomic environment fingerprints, or structural descriptors, are used to describe the chemical environment around a reference atom. Encoding information such as bond-lengths to neighboring atoms or coordination ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
New insight into the internal structure of the proton
While the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is well known for smashing protons together, it is actually the quarks and gluons inside the protons—collectively known as partons—that are really interacting. Thus, in order to predict the rate of a process occurring in the LHC—such as the production of a Higgs boson or a yet-unknown particle—physicists have to understand how partons behave within the proton. This behavior is described in parton distribution functions (PDFs), which describe what fraction of a proton's momentum is taken by its constituent quarks and gluons.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
New insight into the internal structure of the proton
While the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is well known for smashing protons together, it is actually the quarks and gluons inside the protons—collectively known as partons—that are really interacting. Thus, in order to predict the rate of a process occurring in the LHC—such as the production of a Higgs boson or a yet-unknown particle—physicists have to understand how partons behave within the proton. This behavior is described in parton distribution functions (PDFs), which describe what fraction of a proton's momentum is taken by its constituent quarks and gluons.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
New insight into the internal structure of the proton
While the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is well known for smashing protons together, it is actually the quarks and gluons inside the protons—collectively known as partons—that are really interacting. ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Using time dilation to measure curvature of space-time
A team of researchers working at Stanford University has used time dilation in an atomic fountain to measure the curvature of space-time. In their study, reported in the journal Science, the group used the fountain as an interferometer to measure atomic wave packet changes that corresponded to phase shifts. Albert Roura,with the German Aerospace Center's Institute of Quantum Technologies published a Perspective piece in the same journal issue outlining the work by the team in California.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Using time dilation to measure curvature of space-time
A team of researchers working at Stanford University has used time dilation in an atomic fountain to measure the curvature of space-time. In their study, reported in the journal Science, the group used the fountain as an interferometer to measure atomic wave packet changes that corresponded to phase shifts. Albert Roura,with the German Aerospace Center's Institute of Quantum Technologies published a Perspective piece in the same journal issue outlining the work by the team in California.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Using time dilation to measure curvature of space-time
A team of researchers working at Stanford University has used time dilation in an atomic fountain to measure the curvature of space-time. In their study, reported in the journal Science, the group used ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
Study finds that black hole inner horizons can be charged or discharged
Black holes are intriguing and widely studied cosmic bodies with extremely high tidal forces, from which even light is unable to escape. While many studies predicted the existence of black holes, which have also recently been detected, many questions about these cosmic bodies remain unanswered.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
Study finds that black hole inner horizons can be charged or discharged
Black holes are intriguing and widely studied cosmic bodies with extremely high tidal forces, from which even light is unable to escape. While many studies predicted the existence of black holes, which have also recently been detected, many questions about these cosmic bodies remain unanswered.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
Study finds that black hole inner horizons can be charged or discharged
Black holes are intriguing and widely studied cosmic bodies with extremely high tidal forces, from which even light is unable to escape. While many studies predicted the existence of black holes, which ...
#PhysicsNEWS
➖@Phytimes➖
First detection of exotic 'X' particles in quark-gluon plasma
In the first millionths of a second after the Big Bang, the universe was a roiling, trillion-degree plasma of quarks and gluons—elementary particles that briefly glommed together in countless combinations before cooling and settling into more stable configurations to make the neutrons and protons of ordinary matter.
➖@Phytimes➖
➖@Phytimes➖
First detection of exotic 'X' particles in quark-gluon plasma
In the first millionths of a second after the Big Bang, the universe was a roiling, trillion-degree plasma of quarks and gluons—elementary particles that briefly glommed together in countless combinations before cooling and settling into more stable configurations to make the neutrons and protons of ordinary matter.
➖@Phytimes➖
phys.org
First detection of exotic 'X' particles in quark-gluon plasma
In the first millionths of a second after the Big Bang, the universe was a roiling, trillion-degree plasma of quarks and gluons—elementary particles that briefly glommed together in countless combinations ...