In fluid mechanics, hydrostatic equilibrium (hydrostatic balance, hydrostasy) is the condition of a fluid or plastic solid at rest, which occurs when external forces, such as gravity, are balanced by a pressure-gradient force. In the planetary physics of Earth, the pressure-gradient force prevents gravity from collapsing the planetary atmosphere into a thin, dense shell, whereas gravity prevents the pressure-gradient force from diffusing the atmosphere into outer space.
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A photoacoustic imaging system that measures tumour oxygenation could help predict a tumour's response to radiotherapy.
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Researchers print 3D conducting structures in a living organism, in an early step towards printing next-generation implants for medical applications.
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A super heavy-lift launch vehicle can lift a super heavy payload to low Earth orbit. A super heavy payload is more than 50 metric tons (110,000 lb) by United States (NASA) classification or 100 metric tons (220,000 lb) by Russian classification. It is the most capable launch vehicle classification by mass to orbit, exceeding that of the heavy-lift launch vehicle classification. Only thirteen such payloads were successfully launched prior to 2022: twelve as part of the Apollo program before 1972 and one Energia launch in 1987. Planned crewed lunar and interplanetary missions often depend on these launch vehicles' payload capacity.
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Researchers observe a giant orbital magnetic moment in graphene quantum dots - a finding that could be important for quantum information science and magnetic field sensing.
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Aryabhata was India's first satellite, named after the famous Indian astronomer. It was launched on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar, a Soviet rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by ISRO, and launched by the Soviet union as a part of the Soviet Interkosmos programme which provided access to space for friendly states.
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Lenz's law states that the direction of the electric current induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field is such that the magnetic field created by the induced current opposes changes in the initial magnetic field. It is named after physicist Emil Lenz, who formulated it in 1834. It is a is a qualitative law that specifies the direction of induced current, but states nothing about its magnitude. Lenz's law predicts the direction of many effects in electromagnetism, such as the direction of voltage induced in an inductor or wire loop by a changing current, or the drag force of eddy currents exerted on moving objects in a magnetic field.
Lenz's law may be seen as analogous to Newton's third law in classical mechanics and Le Chatelier's principle in chemistry.
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Lenz's law may be seen as analogous to Newton's third law in classical mechanics and Le Chatelier's principle in chemistry.
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A new machine-learning study suggests that the first stars in the universe emerged in clusters, rather than on their own.
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Observations of bound photons interacting with a quantum dot could advance areas such as quantum-enhanced communication, metrology or computation.
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High-quality membrane mirrors are flexible enough to be rolled up for transport on a spacecraft and then unfolded for use as primary mirrors in space telescopes.
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