The study of energy relationships and conversions in biological systems is called as ____________
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3%
Biophysics
0%
Microbiology
95%
Bioenergetics
3%
Biotechnology
What does first law of thermodynamics state?
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83%
Energy can neither be destroyed nor created
9%
Input of heat energy increases the rate of movement of atoms and molecules
4%
All living organisms are composed of cells
4%
Energy cannot be 100 percent efficiently transformed from one type to another
Which of the following statements is true?
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19%
The reaction tends to go in the forward direction if ∆G is large and positive
8%
The system is at equilibrium if ∆G = 1
20%
The reaction tends to move in the backward direction if ∆G is large and negative
54%
The reaction tends to move in the forward direction if ∆G is large and negaitive
Which of the following is a chemical link between catabolism and anabolism?
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3%
AMP
39%
ATP
5%
ADP
54%
All of these
C6H12O6 + 6O2——> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ENERGY represents:
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51%
Aerobic respiration
18%
Anaerobic respiration
10%
Respiration
21%
Photosynthesis
Breaking of the terminal phosphate of ATP releases about _____ Kcal of energy.
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8%
6.1
55%
7.3
31%
7.1
6%
6.3
From one pyruvate passing through Kreb’s cycle, how many NADH are formed?
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16%
1
39%
2
38%
3
7%
4
The final acceptor of electrons in the respiratory chain is
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22%
NADH
22%
Cytochrome a3
38%
Oxygen
17%
Water
What is the name of the molecule which donates its electrons?
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33%
Reducing agent
13%
Oxidant
27%
Standard reduction potential
27%
Oxidative agent
What is the standard free energy change of ATP?
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12%
Small and negative
27%
Large and positive
14%
Small and positive
46%
Large and negative
👍1
A compound which is found in all living cells and play a key role in energy transformations is
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14%
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
0%
granum
2%
chlorophyll
84%
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Which enzymes can catalyze the conversion of AMP to ADP
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8%
Creatine kinase
18%
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase
60%
Adenylate kinase
14%
Polyphosphate kinase
Which gives the maximum (negative) free energy of hydrolysis?
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46%
ATP ADP+ Pi
14%
1, 3-bisphophoglycerate
32%
Phosphoenolpyruvat
8%
Phosphocreatine
A chemical reaction is more likely to occur spontaneously, if
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27%
The products of the reaction are more complex than the reactions
18%
The system takes up heat from its surroundings
32%
The products of the reaction are more disordered then the reactants
23%
The system gains free energy
Which is true regarding ATP and ADP is the intact cells?
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36%
Magnesium binds with ADP and ATP
42%
Magnesium binds with ATP only
13%
Manganese binds with ATP only
9%
Manganese binds with ADP and ATP
For chemical reactions, the use of °ΔG is related to:
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42%
standard state is defined as having a pH of 7.
12%
the products are present in concentrations of 1.0 mmol/L
12%
the reactants are present in concentrations of 1.0 mol/ml
2%
standard state is defined as having a pH of 14.
33%
the reactants are present in concentrations of 1.0 mol/L
🍓5
How many high-energy phosphate found in ATP :
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4%
1
53%
2
27%
3
4%
4
12%
don't have high phosphate group
The high free-energy change on hydrolysis of ATP is due to :
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19%
relief of charge repulsion of adjacent positively charged hydrogen atoms
10%
relief of charge repulsion of adjacent negatively charged chloride atoms
53%
relief of charge repulsion of adjacent negatively charged oxygen atoms
10%
relief of charge repulsion of adjacent negatively charged nitrogen atoms
8%
non of the following
The greatest quantitative source of ~P is :
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5%
The citric acid cycle
3%
Glycolysis
4%
ADP decomposition
43%
Oxidative phosphorylation
46%
A&D
The reaction ATP+AMP--->2ADP is catalysed by :
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45%
myokinase
18%
creatine kinase
12%
Acetyl-CoA synthase
14%
inorganic phosphoratase
11%
nucleoside diphosphate kinase