Phospholipase A2 is found in pancreatic fluid and snake venom as well as in many types of cells

Phospholipase C is one of the major toxins secreted by bacteria

phospholipase D is known to be involved in mammalian signal transduction.

Lysolecithin (lysophosphatidylcholine) may be formed by an alternative route that involves lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).

Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) enzyme, found in plasma is considered to be responsible for much of the cholesteryl ester in plasma lipoproteins.

The incorporation of fatty acids into lecithin can occurs by complete synthesis of the phospholipid.

The incorporation of fatty acids into lecithin can occurs by transacylation between cholesteryl ester and lysolecithin

The incorporation of fatty acids into lecithin can occurs by direct acylation of lysolecithin by acyl-CoA.

Ceramide is an important signaling molecule (second messenger) regulating pathways including programmed cell death (apoptosis), the cell cycle, and cell differentiation and senescence.

Dihydroceramide reductase is required to synthesize ceramide from dihydroceramide

The simplest glycosphingolipids (cerebrosides) are galactosylceramide (GalCer) (Figure 10) and glucosylceramide (GlcCer).

GalCer is a major lipid of myelin, whereas GlcCer is the major glycosphingolipid of extraneural tissues and a precursor of most of the more complex glycosphingolipids.

GalCer is formed in a reaction between ceramide and UDPGal

Most of the enzymes transferring sugars from nucleotide sugars (glycosyl transferases) are found in the Golgi apparatus.

The pathway bifurcates at phosphatidate, forming inositol phospholipids and cardiolipin on the one hand and triacylglycerol and choline and ethanolamine phospholipids on the other.

Plasmalogens and platelet-activating factor (PAF) are ether phospholipids formed from ceramide.

Ceramide is (N-acylsphingosine)