Normal uterus

It's shape different according the state of menstrual cycle

Fallopian tube is consist of four layers :
1- Serosa
2- Muscularis : circular inner & longitudinal outer
3- mucosal folds : forming finger like shape which formed of: connective tissue and ciliated columnar epithelium.

✨Also has peg cells which secret nourishment the sperms

* columnar epithelium of fallopian tube is ciliated to hold up the sperm to ovum or down the ovum to uterus

*If the embryo grows here couse rupture and hemorrhage

Normal fallopian tube

Trichomonas vaginalis✨

✅Characteristics:
1)Pear shaped
2)Flagellate protozoan
3)Ovoid nucleus at the anterior
4)Sexually transmitted

Candida albicans✨


✅Charateristics:
1)Red arrow ➱ The filamentous, elongated form of Candida albicans (pseudohyphal form) is more pathogenic
2)Blue arrow ➱oval/round form (blastospore) of Candida albicans

Candida albicans✨

✅Microscopic Features:
1) Black arrows ➱ Pseudohypae
2) Blue arrows ➱ Blastospore

Chronic cervicitis ..


cervicitis is 2 types as any inflammation :
1- Acute : filtration of neutrophil , congestive blood vessels
Causes :
Neissiria gonorrhea or post-partum(trauma)

2- chronic:
- infiltrated lymphocytes 🤎brown arrow 🤎
- congested blood vessels ❤️red arrow ❤️
- in the cervical glands cells become squamous metaplasia then Dysplasia then cancer (if it doesn't treat)

*If acute cervicitis not treat it become chronic

Chronic cervicitis ✨
*Chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix.
*Common in all women of reproductive age.

✅Microscopic Features:
1)Red arrow➱ congested blood vessels
2)Blue arrow➱Lymphocytes
3)Yellow arrow➱ Normal cervical gland

Cervical polyp = Endocervical polyp

- inflammatory cells filtered in stroma 💜 purple arrow 💜
- irregular dilated lumen and filled with mucus💙blue arrow💙
- proliferative and hyperplasia of glands🤍white arrow 🤍

Endocervical polyp✨ (low power)

✅Microscopic Features:
1)Red arrows ➱variably shaped endocervical glands.
2)Blue arrows➱ scattered mononuclear cells infiltrate.

Endocervical polyp✨(high power)

✅Microscopic Feature:
3)The stroma is edematous (لاحظ وجود الفقاعات الشفافة داخل )

Cervical squamous metaplasia✨
*Causes : Superimposed chronic inflammation of endocervical polyp may lead to Cervical squamous metaplasia .

✅Microscopic Feature :
1)Yellow area ➱Squamous metaplasia

Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion I [CIN I ]✨

✅Microscopic Features:
1)Green area ➱Dysplasia of the lower 1/3 of tissue
2)Red arrows ➱Koilocytotic changes

Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 2


Microscopic features:

Green arrows:
superficial cytoplasmic maturation; high rate of regression.

Red arrows:
diffuse nuclear enlargement, hyperchomasia.

Blue arrows:
Note the increased mitotic activity in the lower and middle thirds

Yellow arrows:
Koilocytosis

Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 3:

Microscopic features:

Red arrows:
marked full thickness atypia and loss of maturation; carries highest risk of progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma

Yellow area:
Normal cervical tissue

🌸 The Grades of cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Poorly differentiated invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma at low grade microscopic.

Microscopic features:

_ peliomorphism ( hyperchromatic nucleus)

Red arrow:
inflammatory cells infiltrated


Green arrow:
nest of atypia tumor cells

Blue arrow:
Loss of stromal tissue between the cells.

Black arrow:
Irregular basement membrane

#Microscopic

#Diagnosis 👉🏻 cervical squamous cell carcinoma

A ➪ Poorly differentiated
No keratinous pearls
Hyperchrmatic nucleus
Cell polymorphism
More N/C ratio

B ➪ Moderatly differentiated
C ➪ Well differentiated

Cervical adenocarcinoma in situ

Microscopic features:

Red arrows:
Irregular lumens of glandular tissue.

Blue arrows:
Hyperchromatic tumor cells, with peliomorphism.

Green arrow:
Normal cells