BENIGN NEPHROSCLEROSIS

#MICROSCOPIC

#Diagnosis 👉🏻 benign nephrosclerosis
OR
Chronic pyelonephritis

#The_black_arrow
Thyroidisation

#The_blue_arrow
Chronic inflammatory cell

#The_green_arrow
Atrophic tubules

#MICROSCOPIC

#Diagnosis 👉🏻 benign nephrosclerosis

#The_black_arrow
hyaline arteriosclerosis

MALIGNANT NEPHROSCLEROSIS
Also called malignant hypertension


✫ Gross description
- Flea bitten appearance
due to fibroid necrosis in the arterioles caused rupture of arterioles ➪ lead to Flea bitten


✫Microscopic description
- Onion skin due to hyperplasia in the tiny & media
- Fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles
- Thickening of arterioles wall

#GROSS

#Diagnosis 👉🏻  Malignant nephrosclerosis


#The_black_arrows
Flea bitten

#GROSS

#Diagnosis 👉🏻  Malignant nephrosclerosis


#The_black_arrows
Flea bitten

#MICROSCOPIC

#Diagnosis 👉🏻  Malignant nephrosclerosis


#The_black_arrow
Fibrinoid necrosis

#The_red_arrow
Thrombosis

#MICROSCOPIC

#Diagnosis 👉🏻  Malignant nephrosclerosis


#The_black_arrow
Onion skin

#The_brown_arrow
Tiny lumen

CYSTIC DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS
fluid-filled sacs, to form in or around the kidneys.

Types
- Non genetic (simple kidney cyst)
- Genetic (polycystic kidney disease)


𑁍 Simple kidney cyst
• Very common.
• Benign.

The causes
Unknown

✫ Gross description
- Solitary cyst with thin wall and filled with clear yellow fluid.
- Usually unilocular.

✫Microscopic description
- simple epithelium lining without atypia
- may have clear cells (Do not have clear cells within the wall of the cyst)
- Papillary progactions



𑁍 Polycystic kidney disease
May caused compressione on blood vessels , ischemia, necrosis.

✫ Gross description
- large kidney
- Multiples cyst with clear or hemorrhage fluid

✫Microscopic description
- Cysts are lined by cuboidal or flattened
- Surrounded by collagenous stroma
- The interstitium showed fibrosis and in some areas mononucelar inflammatory infiltrate.
- thyroidisation

POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY

#MICROSCOPIC

#Diagnosis 👉🏻  Polycystic kidney  


#The_black_arrows
Cyst

#The_blue_arrows
inflammatory cells infiltrate

#The_red_arrows
Glomerular

RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
(CLEAR CELLS CARCINOMA)
Invasive to pelvic and calyces , so caused hematuria

✫ Gross description
- Well circumscribed and unencapsulated
- cut surface
Solid , golden yellow, area of hemorrhage

✫Microscopic description
- cells polymorphisme
- hyperchrmatic nucleus (central)
- Cytoplasm clear (low nuclear cytoplasmic ratio)
- prominent nucleoli
- hemorrhage
- Nests of tumor cells

#GROSS

#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Clear cell carcinoma

#The_black_arrows
Hemorrhage

#The_red_arrow
Tumor