#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute myelogenous leukemia
#The_black_arrows
Myeloblast
#The_white_area
Nucleoli
#The_features
- Several nucleoli
- Auer rods
- High nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio
- Fine chromatin
- Pale blue cytoplasm
- Agranular and more cytoplasm
- The cells large size
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute myelogenous leukemia
#The_black_arrows
Myeloblast
#The_white_area
Nucleoli
#The_features
- Several nucleoli
- Auer rods
- High nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio
- Fine chromatin
- Pale blue cytoplasm
- Agranular and more cytoplasm
- The cells large size
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute myelogenous leukemia
#The_black_arrows
Myeloblast
#The_red_arrow
Aure rode
#The_white_area
Nucleoli
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute myelogenous leukemia
#The_black_arrows
Myeloblast
#The_red_arrow
Aure rode
#The_white_area
Nucleoli
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute promyelocytic leukemia ( M3 )
#The_black_arrows
Reddish purple granules
#The_white_arrows
Nucleoli
#The_blue_arrow
Lymphocyte
#The_features
- prominent nucleoli
- may note small lymphocyte
- the cytoplasm contain of reddish-purple granules
#The_pathogenesis
حصل genetic translocation على الكروموسوم (15;17) مما أدى إلى حدوث fusion gene الذي بدروه سبب abnormality to retinoic acid receptors الموجود على سطح promyelocyte وعشان كذا توقفت الخليه عن التمايز وما تحولت إلى myelocyt
✓ ممكن نعالج هذه الحاله بإعطاء المريض حقنة Vitamin A او retinoic acid
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute promyelocytic leukemia ( M3 )
#The_black_arrows
Reddish purple granules
#The_white_arrows
Nucleoli
#The_blue_arrow
Lymphocyte
#The_features
- prominent nucleoli
- may note small lymphocyte
- the cytoplasm contain of reddish-purple granules
#The_pathogenesis
حصل genetic translocation على الكروموسوم (15;17) مما أدى إلى حدوث fusion gene الذي بدروه سبب abnormality to retinoic acid receptors الموجود على سطح promyelocyte وعشان كذا توقفت الخليه عن التمايز وما تحولت إلى myelocyt
✓ ممكن نعالج هذه الحاله بإعطاء المريض حقنة Vitamin A او retinoic acid
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute myelomonocytic leukemia ( M4 )
#The_black_arrow
Basophil
#The_blue_arrow
Monoblast ( the nucleus like kidney shape ) 👉🏻 large
#The_red_arrow
Myeloblast 👉🏻 small
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute myelomonocytic leukemia ( M4 )
#The_black_arrow
Basophil
#The_blue_arrow
Monoblast ( the nucleus like kidney shape ) 👉🏻 large
#The_red_arrow
Myeloblast 👉🏻 small
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute monocytic leukemia ( M5 )
#The_black_arrows
Monoblast
#The_white_arrows
Reniform nucleus
#The_red_arrows
Vacuole
#The_features
- The cytoplasm is gray color
- monocytes with reniform nucleus
- may contain vacuole
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute monocytic leukemia ( M5 )
#The_black_arrows
Monoblast
#The_white_arrows
Reniform nucleus
#The_red_arrows
Vacuole
#The_features
- The cytoplasm is gray color
- monocytes with reniform nucleus
- may contain vacuole
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute erythroleukemia
#The_black_arrow
Anucleate erythrocyte
والتي يكون لونها ازرق عشان النواة اتكسرت
#The_green_arrows
Trilobulated nucleus in erythroblast
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute erythroleukemia
#The_black_arrow
Anucleate erythrocyte
والتي يكون لونها ازرق عشان النواة اتكسرت
#The_green_arrows
Trilobulated nucleus in erythroblast
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute megakaryocytic leukemia
#The_red_arrows
megakaryoblasts 👇🏻
Small mononuclear cells with intensely blue cytoplasm with peripheral blebs
#The_black_arrows
cytoplasm with peripheral blebs
#The_blue_arrows
dysmorphic megakaryocytes with disaggregated nuclear lobes connected by small strands
#The_white_arrow
strands
#The_green_arrow
disaggregated nuclear lobes
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Acute megakaryocytic leukemia
#The_red_arrows
megakaryoblasts 👇🏻
Small mononuclear cells with intensely blue cytoplasm with peripheral blebs
#The_black_arrows
cytoplasm with peripheral blebs
#The_blue_arrows
dysmorphic megakaryocytes with disaggregated nuclear lobes connected by small strands
#The_white_arrow
strands
#The_green_arrow
disaggregated nuclear lobes
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#Microscopic
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Chronic lymohoid leukemia
#The_blue_arrows
Smudge cells
#The_black_arrows
Lymphocytes ( mature )
#The_features
- small, mature lymphocytes
- Smudge cells
- Round nucleus, clumped chromatin with only small nucleoli and less cytoplasm
ال clumped chromatin هو عباره عن مجموعه من الكورماتين تجمعت مع بعض
مرفق صورة اوضح توضح شكل clumped chromatin
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Chronic lymohoid leukemia
#The_blue_arrows
Smudge cells
#The_black_arrows
Lymphocytes ( mature )
#The_features
- small, mature lymphocytes
- Smudge cells
- Round nucleus, clumped chromatin with only small nucleoli and less cytoplasm
ال clumped chromatin هو عباره عن مجموعه من الكورماتين تجمعت مع بعض
مرفق صورة اوضح توضح شكل clumped chromatin
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#Microscopic
Blood film
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Chronic lymohoid leukemia ( cll )
#The_black_arrows
Lymphocytes with a clumped chromatin
#The_blue_arrow
Smudge cell
Blood film
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Chronic lymohoid leukemia ( cll )
#The_black_arrows
Lymphocytes with a clumped chromatin
#The_blue_arrow
Smudge cell
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#Microscopic
Marrow film
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Chronic lymohoid leukemia ( cll )
#The_black_arrows
Lymphocytes
#The_blue_arrow
Plasma cell
Marrow film
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Chronic lymohoid leukemia ( cll )
#The_black_arrows
Lymphocytes
#The_blue_arrow
Plasma cell
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#The_black_circles
clumped chromatin in the lymphocyte
clumped chromatin in the lymphocyte
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#Microscopic
Blood film
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Heary cell leukemia
#The_black_arrows
Villiform projection
#The_features
- Higher nuclear cytoplasmic ratio
- Condensed nuclear chromatin
- Irregular surface and pale blue cytoplasmic villiform projections
- Nucleus is paracentral
Blood film
#Diagnosis 👉🏻 Heary cell leukemia
#The_black_arrows
Villiform projection
#The_features
- Higher nuclear cytoplasmic ratio
- Condensed nuclear chromatin
- Irregular surface and pale blue cytoplasmic villiform projections
- Nucleus is paracentral
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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by increased proliferation of the granulocytic cell line without the loss of their capacity to differentiate
#The_pathogenesis
حصل chromosomal translocation من الكرموسوم 9 الى الكرموسوم 22 والذي يسمى ايضاً Philadelphia chromosome ( هو انتقال جينات من الكرموسوم 9 الى الكرموسوم 22 )
فكون oncogene الذي عمل activation لل tyrosine kinase فأثر على نخاع العظم فصارت الخلايا تنتج بشكل كبير جداً
وتمثل نسبة هذا النوع من السرطان 20% فقط
✓ The CML Occurs in 2 different phases
- Chronic phase or crisis
- blast phase or crisis
ونفرق بينهم من خلال الاتي
❁ Chronic phase (CP)
• Leukocytosis (usually 12 - 1,000 x 10⁹/L, median: ~ 80 x 10⁹/L)
• < 2% blasts in blood
• < 5% blasts in bone marrow
❁ Blast phase (BP)
• ≥ 20% blasts in marrow or blood or the presence of an extramedullary proliferation of blasts
اي ان الخلايا immature تكون اكثر من mature بعكس في المرحلة المزمنة تكون immature cell قليلة جداً
Is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by increased proliferation of the granulocytic cell line without the loss of their capacity to differentiate
#The_pathogenesis
حصل chromosomal translocation من الكرموسوم 9 الى الكرموسوم 22 والذي يسمى ايضاً Philadelphia chromosome ( هو انتقال جينات من الكرموسوم 9 الى الكرموسوم 22 )
فكون oncogene الذي عمل activation لل tyrosine kinase فأثر على نخاع العظم فصارت الخلايا تنتج بشكل كبير جداً
وتمثل نسبة هذا النوع من السرطان 20% فقط
✓ The CML Occurs in 2 different phases
- Chronic phase or crisis
- blast phase or crisis
ونفرق بينهم من خلال الاتي
❁ Chronic phase (CP)
• Leukocytosis (usually 12 - 1,000 x 10⁹/L, median: ~ 80 x 10⁹/L)
• < 2% blasts in blood
• < 5% blasts in bone marrow
❁ Blast phase (BP)
• ≥ 20% blasts in marrow or blood or the presence of an extramedullary proliferation of blasts
اي ان الخلايا immature تكون اكثر من mature بعكس في المرحلة المزمنة تكون immature cell قليلة جداً
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