Radicals and cytokines are intimately involved in the genesis of the endothelial damage, which is the common denominator of multi-organ failure in COVID-19. When ARDS occurs, ROS, RNS and cytokine production is out of control, and attempting to contrast all with a single cytokine inhibitor is doomed to fail. Only one drug is capable of inhibiting the production of all three of these classes of substance: methylene blue.

Methylene blue inhibits the formation of superoxide anion (ROS precursor) by blocking the xanthine oxidase pathway; it counteracts the synthesis of nitric oxide (RNS precursor) by direct inhibition of NO-synthase, and inhibits cytokine expression via attenuation of NF-kB signaling.

Methylene blue is a tricyclic phenothiazine, approved by the FDA and EMA for the treatment of methaemoglobinaemia and malaria. It is also used to inactivate viruses in blood products for transfusion, in the presence of UV light. Recent (non peer-reviewed) in vitro studies indicate that it has antiviral activity in the absence of UV light, strengthening the rationale for its use in COVID-19.

However, methylene blue use in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is contraindicated due to increased risk of haemolytic anemia. Its concomitant use with serotonin reuptake inhibitors is also contraindicated. Methylene blue is a potent reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (the enzyme that catalyses serotonin breakdown) and concomitant use with serotonin reuptake inhibitors can inhibit the degradation of serotonin and increase its concentration to toxic levels (serotonin syndrome).

Association of American Physicians and Surgeons: Winning the War Against Therapeutic Nihilism & Trusted Treatments vs Untested Novel Therapies

Peter McCullough, MD, MPH speaks at the 78th Annual Meeting of AAPS on October 2, 2021.

Slides: https://www.scribd.com/document/530328436/Slides-from-Peter-McCullough-MD-Oct-1-2021-Lecture

Patient Guide: https://aapsonline.org/covidpatientguide/

[source]

Blood Tests Reveal Pfizer-BioNTech's COVID "Investigational Vaccine" Creates Blood Clots Under Microscope

Dr. Fleming shows the deleterious effects of the Pfizer gene therapy investigational vaccine. In late 2020, before the Pfizer investigational vaccine gene thearpy had even been rolled out, top scientists and experts around the world warned the Pfizer and Moderna products posed extreme risk of causing blood clots, myocarditis and other cardiovascular problems. One year later, Pfizer and Moderna have been forced to issue warnings confirming their controversial mRNA gene thearpy can, indeed, cause a long list of problems not just limited to the cardiovascular system.

note: see comment section for a more thorough electron microscopy analysis/counter-argument by Dr. Robert Young, as well as additional resources.