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NN DVT 2020 🖥️📝 - Special Faculty - 2020 to 2021 - .
Image based Visual treat with complete explanation from all the top most famous and renowned organizations for NEET-PG preparation.
an experiment, thrombus formation is studied in areas of vascular damage.The propagation of a thrombus in an area of vascular injury to adjacent normal arteries is prevented.Which of the following diminishes thrombus propagation by activating protein C?
Anonymous Quiz
62%
Thrombomodulin
11%
Ca
17%
Fibrin
10%
Prothrombin
Explanation:-
Thrombomodulin is present on intact endothelium
and binds thrombin, which then inhibits coagulation by acti-
vating protein C. Normally, thrombin activates factors V,
VIII, and IX, and also stabilizes the secondary hemostatic
plug by activating factor XIII, which cross-links fibrin.
Thrombin helps activate platelets. Calcium is a cofactor
that assists clotting in the coagulation cascade (ethylene-
diaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] in some blood collection
tubes binds calcium to prevent clotting). Fibrin protein
forms a meshwork that is essential to thrombus formation.
Platelet factor 4 is released from the α granules of platelets
and promotes platelet aggregation during the coagulation
process. Prothrombin is converted to thrombin in the coagu-
lation cascade. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is not signifi-
cantly involved in coagulation.
Thrombomodulin is present on intact endothelium
and binds thrombin, which then inhibits coagulation by acti-
vating protein C. Normally, thrombin activates factors V,
VIII, and IX, and also stabilizes the secondary hemostatic
plug by activating factor XIII, which cross-links fibrin.
Thrombin helps activate platelets. Calcium is a cofactor
that assists clotting in the coagulation cascade (ethylene-
diaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] in some blood collection
tubes binds calcium to prevent clotting). Fibrin protein
forms a meshwork that is essential to thrombus formation.
Platelet factor 4 is released from the α granules of platelets
and promotes platelet aggregation during the coagulation
process. Prothrombin is converted to thrombin in the coagu-
lation cascade. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is not signifi-
cantly involved in coagulation.
59-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus had a myocardial infarction 3 months ago.Her BMI is 35. She is now taking a low dose ofaspirin to reduce the risk for recurrent arterial thrombosis.On which following steps does aspirin have effect?
Anonymous Quiz
19%
Adhesion of platelets to collagen
60%
Aggregation of platelets
13%
Production of tissue factor
8%
Synthesis of von Willebrand factor
Aspirin blocks the cyclooxygenase pathway of ara-
chidonic acid metabolism and generation of eicosanoids in
platelets, including thromboxane A2, to block vasoconstric-
tion and inhibit platelet aggregation. Platelet adhesion to
extracellular matrix is mediated by interactions with von Wil-
lebrand factor. Tissue factor (factor III), produced by injured
endothelium as well as subendothelial smooth muscle and
fibroblasts, is released with tissue injury and is not platelet
dependent. Endothelial cells produce von Willebrand factor
independent of platelet action. Antithrombin III has antico-
agulant properties because it inactivates several coagulation
factors, but its function is not affected by aspirin.
chidonic acid metabolism and generation of eicosanoids in
platelets, including thromboxane A2, to block vasoconstric-
tion and inhibit platelet aggregation. Platelet adhesion to
extracellular matrix is mediated by interactions with von Wil-
lebrand factor. Tissue factor (factor III), produced by injured
endothelium as well as subendothelial smooth muscle and
fibroblasts, is released with tissue injury and is not platelet
dependent. Endothelial cells produce von Willebrand factor
independent of platelet action. Antithrombin III has antico-
agulant properties because it inactivates several coagulation
factors, but its function is not affected by aspirin.
The many focal, chalky white deposits in the mesen-
tery, composed mainly of adipocytes, are areas of fat necrosis.
The deposits result from the release of pancreatic enzymes
such as lipases in a patient with acute pancreatitis. Gangre-
nous necrosis is mainly coagulative necrosis, but occurs over
an extensive area of tissues. Viral hepatitis does not cause cell
necrosis in organs other than liver, and hepatocyte necrosis
from viral infections occurs mainly by means of apoptosis. In-
testinal infarction is a form of coagulative necrosis. Infection
with tuberculosis leads to caseous necrosis.
tery, composed mainly of adipocytes, are areas of fat necrosis.
The deposits result from the release of pancreatic enzymes
such as lipases in a patient with acute pancreatitis. Gangre-
nous necrosis is mainly coagulative necrosis, but occurs over
an extensive area of tissues. Viral hepatitis does not cause cell
necrosis in organs other than liver, and hepatocyte necrosis
from viral infections occurs mainly by means of apoptosis. In-
testinal infarction is a form of coagulative necrosis. Infection
with tuberculosis leads to caseous necrosis.
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And who have paid 100 extra for early dispatch of vol 1.
#vol2 tracking ids
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A 40-year-old man notes a family history of colon car-
cinoma. He asks his physician how best to reduce his risk of
developing this type of cancer. Which of the following dietary practices should he be advised to follow each day?
cinoma. He asks his physician how best to reduce his risk of
developing this type of cancer. Which of the following dietary practices should he be advised to follow each day?
Anonymous Quiz
4%
Have a bowl of ice cream
18%
Drink a glass of red wine
76%
Eat more vegetables
2%
Consume more beef
Explanation:-
More fruits and vegetables are recommended in the
diet to help prevent colon cancer. Vitamins C and E have an
antioxidant and antimutagenic effect. Red wine in modera-
tion may have a beneficial antiatherogenic effect. Ice cream
can include animal fat that may promote cancer, as would
the animal fat of beef. Chocolate includes vegetable fat,
which is not as harmful as animal fat, and persons consuming
chocolate perform at a higher level
More fruits and vegetables are recommended in the
diet to help prevent colon cancer. Vitamins C and E have an
antioxidant and antimutagenic effect. Red wine in modera-
tion may have a beneficial antiatherogenic effect. Ice cream
can include animal fat that may promote cancer, as would
the animal fat of beef. Chocolate includes vegetable fat,
which is not as harmful as animal fat, and persons consuming
chocolate perform at a higher level
malignant neoplasm is found within the cranial cav-
ity. A biopsy is obtained and microscopic examination shows
malignant cells within vascular lumina. Which of the fol- lowing types of vessels is most likely to be invaded by this malignancy?
ity. A biopsy is obtained and microscopic examination shows
malignant cells within vascular lumina. Which of the fol- lowing types of vessels is most likely to be invaded by this malignancy?
Anonymous Quiz
35%
Veins
28%
Arterioles
24%
Capillaries
13%
Lymphatics
Explanation:-
Veins have thin walls compared to their diameter,
with less distinct layers, and slow blood flow. These charac-
teristics make them more prone to compression and invasion
by malignancies. This is a route for metastases via hematog-
enous spread. Of the remaining options, lymphatic invasion
is an excellent choice, but the intracranial location chosen
for this question excludes lymphatics, which are extracra-
nial in the head. Neoplasms can elaborate growth factors to
promote endothelial proliferation and capillary formation to
form a stromal vascular supply for continued growth. Inva-
sion of a muscular artery by a neoplasm is a rare event.
Veins have thin walls compared to their diameter,
with less distinct layers, and slow blood flow. These charac-
teristics make them more prone to compression and invasion
by malignancies. This is a route for metastases via hematog-
enous spread. Of the remaining options, lymphatic invasion
is an excellent choice, but the intracranial location chosen
for this question excludes lymphatics, which are extracra-
nial in the head. Neoplasms can elaborate growth factors to
promote endothelial proliferation and capillary formation to
form a stromal vascular supply for continued growth. Inva-
sion of a muscular artery by a neoplasm is a rare event.
A study of atheromatous plaques shows that release of growth factors, including PDGF, FGF, and TNF-α leads to increased extracellular matrix production.result, the size of the plaques increases. Which cells will release growth factors in the plaques?
Anonymous Quiz
39%
Fibroblast
20%
Smooth muscle
23%
Platelets
18%
Endothelium
Explanation:-
Growth factor release from activated platelets, mac-
rophages, and vascular wall cells induces smooth muscle cell
recruitment, medial smooth muscle migrate into the intima,
proliferate, and synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) in much
the same way that fibroblasts fill in a wound. Endothelial cell
injury initiates atherogenesis, but endothelial cells do not form
a significant part of an atheroma. Platelets do not synthesize
ECM. T cells secrete inflammatory cytokines that activate mac-
rophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells.
Growth factor release from activated platelets, mac-
rophages, and vascular wall cells induces smooth muscle cell
recruitment, medial smooth muscle migrate into the intima,
proliferate, and synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) in much
the same way that fibroblasts fill in a wound. Endothelial cell
injury initiates atherogenesis, but endothelial cells do not form
a significant part of an atheroma. Platelets do not synthesize
ECM. T cells secrete inflammatory cytokines that activate mac-
rophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells.