■ SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTE

#Internationalinstitutions

□ ABOUT :-

◇ It is a dispute over territory and sovereignty over ocean areas, and the Paracels and the Spratlys – two island chains claimed in whole or in part by a number of countries.

◇ China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia, and Brunei all have competing claims.

◇ Alongside the fully-fledged islands, there are dozens of rocky outcrops, atolls, sandbanks, and reefs, such as the Scarborough Shoal.

□ SPAT OVER CHINESE CLAIM :-

◇ China has backed its expansive claims with island-building and naval patrols.

◇ The US says it does not take sides in territorial disputes but has sent military ships and planes near disputed islands, calling them “freedom of navigation” operations to ensure access to key shipping and air routes.

◇ Both sides have accused each other of “militarizing” the South China Sea.

▪︎SOURCE - hindu.📰

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📌 FAZL ALI COMMISSION.
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#Unionanditsterritories

🔸️ The creation of Andhra state intensified the demand from other regions for creation of states on linguistic basis.

🔸️ This forced the Government of India to appoint (in December, 1953) a three- member States Reorganisation Commission under the chairmanship of Fazl Ali to re-examine the whole question.

🔸️ Its other two members were K.M. Panikkar and H.N. Kunzru. It submitted its report in September 1955 and broadly accepted language as the basis of reorganisation of states. But, it rejected the theory of ‘one language-one state’.

🔸️ Its view was that the unity of India should be regarded as the primary consideration in any redrawing of the country’s political units.

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▪︎UNION and ITS TERRITORIES.

📌 ARTICLE 1

🔸️ According to Article 1, the territory of India can be classified into three categories :-

1. Territories of the states.

2. Union territories.

3. Territories that may be acquired by the Government of India at any time.

🔸️ The names of states and union territories and their territorial extent are mentioned in the first schedule of the Constitution.

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▪︎UNION and ITS TERRITORIES

📌 ARTICLE 2

🔸️ Article 2 empowers the Parliament to ‘admit into the Union of India, or establish, new states on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit’.

🔸️ Thus, Article 2 grants two powers to the Parliament: (a) the power to admit into the Union of India new states; and (b) the power to establish new states.

🔸️ The first refers to the admission of
states which are already in existence, while the second refers to the establishment of states which were not in existence before.

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🔆Major elements in earth crust

Tricks : OSAICA, SPMO.

✅O : Oxygen.
✅S : Silicon.
✅A : Aluminium.
✅I : Iron.
✅CA : Calcium.
✅S : Sodium.
✅P : Potassium.
✅M : Magnesium.
✅O : Others.

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📌 51st International Film Festival of India 2021 🏆

▶️ Venue ➡️ Goa (January 16 to 24, 2021)

▶️ Focus Country ➡️ Bangladesh (50th anniversary of Bangladesh independence)

▶️ Opening film ➡️ Another Round (Denmark, Director - Thomas Winterberg)

▶️ Closing film ➡️ Wife of a Spy (Japan, Director - Kiyosi Kurosawa)

▶️ Golden Peacock Award (Best Film) ➡️ Into the Darkness (Denmark)

▶️ Best Actor ➡️ Tzu Chuan Liu (The Silent Forest)

▶️ Best Actress ➡️ Staffiej (I Never Cry)

▶️ Indian Personality of the Year Award ➡️ Bishwajit Chatterjee

▶️ Lifetime Achievement Award ➡️ Vittorio Storaro (Italian cinematographer)

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