ASTHMA (explain why)

❗explain why SABA agonists are 1st choice bronchodilators?
▫️rapidly effective safe inexpensive

❗explain why inhaled LABA have to be combined with corticosteroids and not to be given alone as controllers?
▫️b/c their anti inf. effect is insignificant and bronchodilator effect mask progressive asthma severity (+mortality)

❗explain the use of adrenaline in bronchial asthma and why it's replaced by selective beta 2?
▫️b/c short duration
▫️non selective: a) beta 1 effect > tachy
b) alpha effect > increase BP

❗explain advantage of tiotropium over ipratopium?
▫️not ass. with tolerance

❗explain why theophylline is considered 2nd line drug in asthma?
▫️b/c 1. require drug monitoring
2. narrow safety margin
3. drug interactions

❗explain why leukotriene antagonists are drug of choice for control of aspirin induced asthma?
▫️due to LTs production from arachidonic acid through LOX pathway following blockade of COX by aspirin

❗explain why LT antagonist are preffered in children?
▫️b/c it's oral easier than inhalation and well tolerated

❗explain why status asthmaticus is refractory to the usual line of ttt?
▫️due to down regulation of beta R - mucous plug -acidosis

GIT (explain why)

❗proton pump inhibitors have short half life acid inhibition last up to 24 hours?
▫️b/c of irreversible inactivation of the proton pump at least 18 hrs for synthesis of new H/K ATPase

❗explain why Al hydroxide and Mg are most commonly used antacid?
▫️no CO2 release or systemic alkalosis
▫️used combined to neutrilize effects of each other

❗explain why antacids should be cautiously used in elderly & renal impairment?
▫️chelate phosphates > induce osteomalacia encephalopathy Alzheimer cns depression

❗explain why misoprostol is rarely used?
▫️b/c it needs frequent stim. (4 times daily)

❗antacids should not be given within 2 hrs of doses?
▫️b/c effect absorption of other drugs by binding or increasing gastric PH

ANTIFUNGAL (explain why)

❗amphotericin B is selective in fungicidal effect?
▫️b/c it diff. b/w lipid composition of fungi and mammalian

❗drug interaction is less common with fluconazole?
▫️b/c has the least effect of all azole on hepatic enzyme interaction

❗nystatin is limited to topical ttt only?
▫️b/c narrow spectrum and no absorption from GIT

ان شاء الله كملت تنزيل جزئية الشورت نوت و الإكسبلاين اللي بعد الجزئي~
إكسبلاين CVS نزلتها مسبقا في القناة مثبت مع اهم نقاطها~

يفضل الantibiotic في نقاط مهمة نزلتها زميلتنا في قناتها بارك الله فيها 👇

أهم نقاط ال antibiotic ⁉️⁉️💡💡🧠

تركيزات الجامعة والمهم في ال Antibiotics ❤️.

⁉️⁉️ Warfarin 🆚 Heparin

بعض الإضافات اللي مش قاعدات في بي دي اف الشورت نوت:

❕uses of morphine?
1. anaelgesia
2. diarrhea
3. cough
4. acute pul. edema with lt. vent. failure
6. anaesthesia

❕uses of antidepressants?
1. major depression disorder
2. anxiety disorders
3. pain disorders
4. urinary incontinence
5. eating disorders
6. smoking cessation
7. prophylaxis of migraine

❕TTT of acute decompensated HF

❕drugs induced blood disorders

❕MOA of nitroprusside?
NO donor > increase C GMP > induce VD by inhibit Ca influx

❕indications of parenteral iron therapy?

و في الPDF جزئية GA سؤال الثاني بدال كلمة adjuncts غيروه stages 😅

شكرا لكل من دز و نبه عليهن 🤍

جمعت اي دواء عنده anti dote

Tetracyclines A/E (mnemonics)

STARS

S uper infections
T eeth and bone discoloration - deformity
A bdominal upsets
R enal impairment
S kin photo sensitivity

MeTroniDAzole A/E

M etallic taste
T eratogenic
D isulfiram like reaction
A taxia

Sulphonamides A/E

SHREK 😂❤ بإضافة A = shreak

S teven-Johnson reaction
H emolysis
R enal impairment (crystaluria)
E nzyme inhibitor
K ernicterus

A llergy-rash A granulocytosis
طبعا GIT upsets موجودة فيهن كلهن

Quinolones A/E

GCAT (nitrogen bases)

G it upsets
C onfusion (↓GABA) C artilage damage
A llergy A naphylaxis
T endon of achilles rupture

تجميعت كل opioidاهم اكشن يديرها