What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for acute chest pain in ischemic heart disease?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
A) Aspirin
16%
B) Beta-blockers
8%
C) Statins
4%
D) Calcium channel blockers
65%
E) Nitroglycerin
What is NOT typically elevated in stable ischemic heart disease (IHD)?
Anonymous Quiz
68%
A) Troponin concentrations
4%
B) C-reactive protein
9%
C) Myoglobin levels
16%
D) Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB)
3%
E) None of the above
According to the ACC/AHA guidelines, what is the recommended dual antiplatelet therapy
(DAPT) after PCI with coronary stent placement?
(DAPT) after PCI with coronary stent placement?
Anonymous Quiz
3%
A) Aspirin only
3%
B) Clopidogrel only
4%
C) Aspirin plus rivaroxaban
91%
D) Aspirin plus a P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor)
0%
E) None of the above
What is ischemic heart disease (IHD) defined as?
Anonymous Quiz
1%
A) Increased blood flow to the myocardium
92%
B) Lack of oxygen and decreased blood flow to the myocardium
4%
C) Obstruction of coronary arteries due to excess oxygen
3%
D) Lack of blood flow to the lungs
0%
E) None of the above
What type of angina is associated with chest pain at rest, often early in the morning?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
A) Unstable angina
8%
B) Chronic stable exertional angina
3%
C) Microvascular angina
80%
D) Variant (Prinzmetal) angina
2%
E) Ischemia without symptoms
What benefit has low-dose rivaroxaban demonstrated in patients with CAD when added to
aspirin therapy?
aspirin therapy?
Anonymous Quiz
66%
A) Reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events
23%
B) Prevention of thrombosis
7%
C) Improved exercise tolerance
3%
D) Lowering of blood pressure
1%
E) None of the above
What is the primary effect of dihydropyridine CCBs?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
A) Myocardial depression
58%
B) Coronary vasodilation
11%
C) Reduction of heart rate
23%
D) Increased myocardial contractility
0%
E) None of the above
How often should patients be evaluated after optimization on medical therapy for stable IHD?
Anonymous Quiz
3%
A) Every week
59%
B) Every 1-2 months
31%
C) Every 6-12 months
6%
D) Only if symptoms worsen
1%
E) None of the above
What is the main cause of Angina pectoris?
Anonymous Quiz
2%
A) Increased blood flow to the heart
12%
B) Decreased myocardial oxygen demand
83%
C) Decreased myocardial oxygen supply due to atherosclerotic plaque
3%
D) Absence of coronary plaques
1%
E) None of the above
Which condition may lead to decreased pain sensation in patients with diabetes mellitus?
Anonymous Quiz
84%
A) Neuropathy
1%
B) Hypertension
4%
C) Hyperthyroidism
8%
D) Coronary artery disease
3%
E) None of the above
What is the primary effect of all calcium channel blockers (CCBs)?
Anonymous Quiz
49%
A) Decrease contractility
7%
B) Increase heart rate
19%
C) Decrease blood pressure
20%
D) Increase myocardial oxygen demand
5%
E) None of the above
What is the preferred dosing schedule for extended-release isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN)?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
A) Once daily
71%
B) Twice daily, 7 hours apart
13%
C) Three times daily, every 4-5 hours
2%
D) Every 2 hours
0%
E) None of the above
Which medication should be used for relief of angina symptoms when β-blockers are
contraindicated?
contraindicated?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
A) Verapamil
40%
B) Amlodipine
19%
C) Ranolazine
23%
D) Isosorbide mononitrate
3%
E) None of the abov
When do smaller coronary plaques become more prone to causing acute thrombosis?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
A) When they occupy 50% of the vessel luminal diameter
27%
B) When they have a lipid-rich core and thick fibrous cap
63%
C) When they occupy less than 50%-70% of the vessel luminal diameter
1%
D) When they are not present in the coronary arteries
1%
E) When they occupy 100% of the vessel luminal diameter
What is the primary symptom that may differentiate microvascular angina from other types of anginas?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A) Radiating pain to the arm
14%
B) Severe chest pain lasting more than 1 hour
49%
C) Chest pain relieved by rest or nitroglycerin
30%
D) No response to nitroglycerin
1%
E) None of the above
What is the preferred dosing schedule for extended-release isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN)?
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A) Once daily
87%
B) Twice daily, 7 hours apart
8%
C) Three times daily, every 4-5 hours
1%
D) Every 2 hours
0%
E) None of the above
Which of the following medications should be avoided in patients with concomitant heart
failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A) Amlodipine
5%
B) Felodipine
73%
C) Verapamil
13%
D) Isosorbide mononitrate
2%
E) None of the above
Which medication may be preferred for chronic therapy in patients with variable threshold
angina?
angina?
Anonymous Quiz
17%
A) β-Blockers
16%
B) Nitrates
53%
C) Calcium channel blockers (CCBs)
12%
D) Ranolazine
2%
E) None of the above