Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely recognized in the field of deep learning, particularly for their applications in image and video processing. The structured architecture of CNNs allows them to efficiently handle data with a grid-like topology, such as pixels in images. This is achieved through layers that perform convolutions, pooling, and classification.

The convolutional layers are crucial, utilizing filters to capture local pattern information from the input data, which could be anything from edges in images to specific features in time-series data. Pooling layers follow, reducing the dimensionality of the data, thus condensing the information and retaining essential features while reducing computation for subsequent layers.

In more advanced stages, fully connected layers integrate these features to perform classification or regression tasks. Dropout layers are als...

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In this article, the focus is on the impact of learning rates on the performance of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). GANs consist of two networks that train in conjunction—the discriminator and the generator. The discriminator learns to distinguish real data from generated data, while the generator learns to produce data that can fool the discriminator.

The article examines various types of learning rate schedules, their implementation, and their influence on GAN performance, specifically using the MQL5 platform. These include fixed, step decay, exponential decay, polynomial decay, inverse time decay, and cosine annealing learning rates. Each type is tested using the EURJPY currency pair over 2023, tracking total profit and recovery factor as performance metrics.

Particular attention is given to how these learning rates affect training stability and convergence, essential for...

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In the evolving landscape of automated signal systems, merging two sophisticated programs into a unified signal system presents both challenges and strategic opportunities. This integration, focusing on combining functionalities from the Trend Constraint indicator's previous versions, underscores the meticulous nature needed in software development.

Key to this process is the merging of WhatsApp and Telegram notifications within the MetaTrader 5 environment. Dual integration ensures that notifications are managed efficiently, leveraging the power of both platforms without the need for redundant operations. The integration process meticulously retains selected elements from both systems to optimize functionality, avoiding simple code duplication.

The critical focus is on maintaining the integrity of command executions, ensuring that commands remain discreet without obstructing other ...

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Recent research sheds light on top-ranked population optimization algorithms, focusing on their robustness and ability to effectively solve complex problems by achieving global maxima. The study provides an analytical breakdown of each algorithm’s key features, advantages, and strategic applications that contribute to their high performance in overcoming complex optimization challenges.

Highlighted algorithms have shown significant resilience against local optimization traps, showcasing their potential in handling diverse and complex test functions. This allows for a better understanding of each algorithm's mechanism and the critical success factors behind their efficiency.

Continued investigations and detailed analysis of these leading algorithms will likely pave the way for enhanced optimization techniques, potentially integrating and hybridizing these methods to improve practical...

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The modified Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO) now allows for comprehensive control over the moving average parameters, including the period, mode, and applied price. This enhanced functionality transforms the moving average curve into a horizontal line, which can be effectively used as a level of support or resistance.

The calculation of the DPO is given by the formula: DPO = Close - MA(mode, price, DPO_period). Here, 'Close' refers to the closing price of the bar; 'mode' specifies the method used to calculate the moving average, such as SMA, EMA, SMMA, or LWMA; 'price' denotes the price applied to the moving average, and 'DPO_period' is the period over which the moving average is calculated. This update provides a more versatile tool for technical analysis in trading strategies.

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In the latest advancement in GUI development within the WinForms environment, focus has shifted towards enhancing scrollbar functionality. The development starts with the base ScrollBar object, creating a foundation for the two derivative objects, ScrollBarVertical and ScrollBarHorizontal. These objects, while static, serve as essential components for managing content navigation within a form.

The key aspect of this development is the scrollbar’s adaptability to content overflow. When form content exceeds the container's capacity, the scrollbar will automatically appear to facilitate content navigation. This functionality is crucial for improving user interaction and experience.

Further improvements include modifying color dynamics based on user interaction: mouse hover and selection trigger visual cues, enhancing usability. A method that dynamically changes scrollbar visibility bas...

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Understanding human emotions' dynamics like fear and greed is fundamental in developing algorithms for trading. This newly developed script introduces a class that mathematically models these emotions, as well as other psychological factors like motivation, stress, confidence, and activity. Each of these has a defined range and interacts differently under market conditions.

The model assigns numerical values to each emotion, for instance, fear ranging from -1 to infinity, and greed from 0 to infinity. These values adjust based on market performance, potentially affecting trading decisions when programmed into expert advisors or indicators. Such models are crucial for enhancing decision-making processes in automated trading systems by simulating human psychological responses to market fluctuations.

Additionally, the script offers flexibility in customization, allowing users to adjust...

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In the latest discourse on Category Theory and its application in MQL5, the focus shifts toward understanding the foundational axioms of a category, specifically identity and association, along with the utility of commutative diagrams. Category Theory, a branch of mathematics, is utilized for systemizing and classifying data, proving particularly beneficial in financial time series analysis.

The narrative begins by dissecting what defines a category through the exploration of identity and association axioms, enriched by practical examples and situational analysis. Identity isomorphism and its critical role in ensuring structural preservation within and across domains are detailed, explaining how the morphisms uphold algebraic integrity during data mappings.

The article advances by illustrating the applicative nature of isomorphism within MQL5 environments, showcasing coded examples ...

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The Raymond Cloudy Day indicator integrates an innovative calculation method designed to enhance the accuracy of trend predictions and decision-making in trading. This tool not only identifies potential trend extensions for buy or sell decisions but also marks these as strategic points that can revert to a primary calculated position, aiding traders in plotting their next steps.

Each calculated point in the indicator doubles as a support or resistance line, providing traders clear insights into possible price movements and market dynamics. Additionally, Take Profit (TP) points are designated, which can be utilized to secure profits or as routine strategic points, thereby permitting adaptability in trading approaches.

This indicator is engineered to benefit traders of all levels of experience through its combination of new calculation techniques and sophisticated algorithms, leading ...

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Learn how to program trading robots with our book "MQL5 Programming for Traders". This is the most comprehensive guide available, covering everything you need to create your own trading robots for the MetaTrader 5 platform:

✓ The fundamentals of programming and the necessary tools, gradually advancing to more complex concepts
✓ Developing application programs and automating trading strategies
✓ Exploring a wide set of technologies for algo trading

Use your knowledge to earn:

• Automate your strategies to increase trading efficiency
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Learn programming and discover the world of professional algorithmic trading.

Download the book...

Bollinger Bands are renowned in trading due to their efficacy in following trends and spotting potential reversals. Essentially, they consist of an exponential moving average surrounded by two bands spaced at two standard deviations. This configuration helps in identifying overbought or oversold conditions—the usual cue for traders that a price might revert to the mean.

Recent tests challenging the Bollinger Bands' predictive ability by using AI models have surfaced. Utilizing Linear Discriminant Analysis, two AI models were compared; one predicting price direction and the other forecasting movements across Bollinger Band-defined zones. Findings suggest that direct price prediction may be more beneficial than anticipating zone transitions, highlighting the sounds of direct approaches.

Moreover, these insights are reinforced by practical implementations in MQL5, suggesting strategies...

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In a recent investigation into hybrid optimization strategies, a focus was placed on blending various algorithms to leverage their unique capabilities for enhanced problem-solving efficiency. Hybridizing these algorithms involves several methods including integrating their search strategies to utilize their diverse strengths and establishing a sequential or parallel operational structure to facilitate smooth transitions and knowledge sharing.

For instance, the integration of the Bacterial Foraging Optimization with the genetic algorithm illustrates the potential of combining different logic structures to achieve optimal solutions. Furthermore, experimenting with the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and the Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COAm) highlighted innovative approaches. These include dividing iterations, which allows one algorithm to initiate the process and pass on the improved resu...

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In trading, the integration of fundamental and technical analysis is often debated. While some view these methods as mutually exclusive, combining them could potentially offer a balanced trading strategy. This discussion delays the groundwork for utilizing both analyses by leveraging the strengths of each to inform trading decisions.

Fundamental analysis offers insights into market dynamics and economic indicators, providing a deeper understanding of why markets move. By examining factors like GDP growth, interest rates, and political events, traders can anticipate market trends that are not immediately apparent from charts alone.

On the other hand, technical analysis focuses on price movements and trading volumes to identify patterns that can suggest future activity. By applying tools such as the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) and the Money Flow Index (MFI), traders c...

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A modified Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO) integrates enhanced control over moving average parameters, including period, mode, and applied price. This adjustment allows for the transformation of the moving average curve into a horizontal line, which can serve as a support or resistance level. The calculation formula for this advanced DPO is defined as: DPO = close - MA (mode, price, DPO_period). Here, 'close' refers to the closing price of the bar. The 'mode' specifies the method used for calculating the moving average, which could be Simple Moving Average (SMA), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), Smoothed Moving Average (SMMA), or Linear Weighted Moving Average (LWMA). 'Price' denotes the price point applied in the moving average calculation, and 'DPO_period' is the duration over which the MA is calculated. This modified DPO tool is designed to offer more precise technical analysis c...

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Got a programming question? Ask the community! Visit the largest Forum for algorithmic traders, where developers like you share their expertise and discuss topics related to the creation of robots and indicators:

• Undocumented methods of working with MQL5
• Real-world examples of particular tasks
• Frequent errors and solutions
• Advanced specifics of the MetaTrader 5 platform operation

Join the discussion, share your knowledge and get new experiences.

Go to the thread "MQL5 features, subtleties and tricks"...

In the realm of architectural design, combining the strengths of graph convolution networks and Transformers can yield more effective results than using each technique in isolation. This synergy is exemplified in the recently published algorithm, Graph Transformer Generative Adversarial Model (GTGAN). GTGAN excels in generating realistic architectural layouts from input graphs by merging the advantages of message passing convolutional neural networks (Conv-MPN), a Graph Transformer encoder (GTE), and a generation head. This method successfully illustrates the generation of architecturally coherent house layouts by synthesizing local vertex information and global room relationships.

The GTGAN's innovative approach has demonstrated significant improvements over existing algorithms in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations, proving its capability to handle complex graphically co...

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For developers interested in managing chart objects on MetaTrader 5, particularly when dealing with indicators that do not use buffers, manipulating these objects directly can be crucial. In scenarios where indicators operate solely with objects, modifying these can be quite challenging since iCustom inputs, which facilitate changes in buffer-utilizing indicators, provide no assistance here.

A practical example involves using the "PZ Multidiagonals MT5" indicator, available on the MT5 market. This indicator, primarily used for trend analysis, draws excessive trend lines automatically - an issue if a more streamlined visualization is desired. Before attempting any modifications, installation of the indicator is required.

The process starts with identifying the objects created by the indicator using a unique object prefix. By implementing the LogChartObjectNames() function, develope...

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In the realm of advanced trading platforms, understanding the structural and operational nuances of MQL5 libraries becomes imperative for developing robust trading tools. This post delves into the intricate process of importing and utilizing EX5 libraries within MQL5 code, which is essential for creating sophisticated Expert Advisors (EAs) and other trading scripts.

The procedure commences by applying the directive beneath the section in your MQL5 source code. This directive should include the specific path where the .EX5 library is stored, primarily in the default "MQL5/Libraries" or alongside the algorithm's source code. Once the path and file are accurately specified, the subsequent step involves detailing the exported function prototypes to ensure seamless integration within the user’s trading strategy.

Moreover, handling multiple EX5 libraries simultaneously follows a simila...

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The Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO) provides traders with the ability to identify cycles in price movements, pinpointing the distance between peaks and troughs with greater precision. In this updated version of the DPO, a unique feature has been introduced: the oscillator is represented in blue with an accompanying smoothed histogram. This histogram aids in visualizing the length of the price cycles, simplifying cycle analysis for better strategic planning in trading activities. This innovation offers enhanced clarity and ease of analysis for traders looking to optimize their market timing based on cyclical patterns in price movements.

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