Adaptive Boosting, widely known as AdaBoost, is a machine learning model known for combining weak classifiers into one strong classifier. The cause behind its effectiveness is the approach of assigning weights to instances based on their accurate or inaccurate classification. By the end of the training procedure, it introduces a definitive strong learner as a linear combination of weak learners with certain weights.

This model's superiority is highlighted by its provision of numerous benefits- improved precision by integrating various weak model predictions, higher resistance to overfitting by allocating weights to wrongly classified inputs, efficient handling of imbalanced data, and enhanced interpretability by dissecting the model decision process into various procedures.

Further, illustrating the concept of a Decision Stump, it is a simplified machine learning model mainly utiliz...

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Chapter 3 of the MQL5 journey has arrived, offering an in-depth examination of fundamental elements including arrays, custom functions, preprocessors, and event handling. With an emphasis on creating an inclusive learning space, the tutorials simplify complex coding concepts by providing detailed explanations of every code line. By ensuring all readers comprehend the theoretical knowledge, everyone is equipped to apply these concepts in practical applications.

The main topics covered include Arrays (how to store and organize multiple data pipelines), Custom Functions (how to streamline common tasks and computations in trading strategies), and Preprocessors (how to control the behavior, structure, and characteristics of resulting program). Aspiring algorithmic traders and developers will gain valuable insights into efficient coding practices, allowing for more precise and efficient tr...

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Presenting a well-crafted risk management strategy compatible with MetaTrader Expert Advisor. This strategy oversees ongoing trades influenced by input parameters, specifically focusing on trade conclusions when profit or loss criteria have been met. What sets it apart is a trailing stop loss that solidifies profits as the trader operates in a profitable environment.

The code structure & functionality:
1. Necessary header files included for the trade and symbol information classes.
2. Input parameters organized for successful risk percentage determination, profit percentage, and trailing stop points.
3. Global variables identified for trade and symbol information objects.

Key functions explained:
1. The OnInit function: Initializes the symbol information object, systematically checks for errors.
2. The OnDeinit function: Remains inactive.
3. The OnTick function: Activated with each ...

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Unravel the potential of MQL5 by learning to craft movable GUIs; a skill to upgrade any trading strategy. Start with grasping the rudiments of chart events, the key drivers of our GUI's interactivity. Once you understand how to create your first movable GUI, proceed to build multiple GUIs with efficiency, customizing them to suit specific requirements.

First, decode the concept of chart events. Current EA code appears to be basic; however, don't derive conclusions based on it. Use OnChartEvent to compare it with other predefined functions. Examples include OnInit(), which runs on initialization, OnTick(), and OnDeinit().

OnChartEvent gets executed when certain events unfold, covering nine predefined events such as CHARTEVENT_KEYDOWN, CHARTEVENT_MOUSE_MOVE, CHARTEVENT_CLICK and more.

Next, create your first movable GUI. Start with a basic rectangle label of 200x200 at the distanc...

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Despite the limited drawing methods of MT4, the MT4 version of the original indicator is accessible here: https://www.mql5.com/en/code/22576. Unlike other versions, this does not feature colour zones, however, their boundaries remain present.

The RSI indicator is commonly utilized in trading decisions paired with level-checking. These checks aim to highlight whether there is an overbought or oversold condition in the market. A critical consideration often overlooked is that market adjustment to price changes may result in indicators misrepresenting overbought or oversold conditions, even when the market has already adjusted itself.

To address this, the revised version uses the RSI and constructs high and low neutral zones using a simple EMA lag. This lag is critical as it prevents false breakouts from occurring. A 'real overbought' or 'oversold condition' is considered to be happe...

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Insights into the grid trading approach and how to effectively apply it have been shared. This unique trading method entails entering the market using numerous orders rather than focusing on precise entry and exit points. Particularly popular among new traders, this strategy does require a basic understanding of the primary trend. The grid's parameters will be determined by factors such as its width and step, both calculated in points.

Trading with this strategy offers multiple benefits, including a method of entering and exiting the market without much technical analysis, the ability to trade with minimal skills, risk management capabilities, and adaptability to varying market conditions.

However, this approach also carries some risks to bear in mind. For instance, unprofitable situations may arise with strong reverse fluctuations. To improve trading strategies, traders can consi...

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Introducing a revolutionary Expert Advisor (EA) for MetaTrader 5 (MT5), which demonstrates superior operational functionality by opening multiple buy and sell orders based on predefined user input parameters. These parameters govern the number of buy and sell orders, the risk percentage per trade, stop loss, take profit, and slippage.

Prominently featuring a supremely convenient user interface, the EA includes Buy and Sell buttons that, when clicked, efficiently set in motion the complex process of opening multiple buy and sell orders. The ingenuity of this EA lies in its ability to precisely calculate lot sizes based on risk percentages and stop-loss parameters provided by the user.

Carefully designed checks on spreads in relation to the configured slippage ensures orders aren't made recklessly, reinforcing the EA's multifaceted efficiency. Furthermore, it promptly opens buy orders...

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In the realm of trading, risk and profit often walk hand-in-hand. The desire to minimize risk while securing small, yet stable profits led to the birth of pair trading, proposed originally in the paradigm of statistical arbitrage by Jerry Bamberger in the 1980s. This market-neutral strategy leverages the principle that intertwined financial tools will return to their average statistical relationship after a momentary discrepancy.

Pair trading, though seemingly simple, demands a rigid adherence to trading strategy and risk management rules. Market dynamics are in constant flux and statistical relationships can follow suit. An unexpected price fluctuation can bring about substantial losses.

A common basis for pair trading strategies is the correlation of two financial instruments. When two symbols display correlated movements, whether in the same or opposite directions, it signifies ...

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In the realm of securing WebSockets, a crucial step involves generating a random, 16-byte value. This specific value, aptly known as the Sec-WebSocket-Key is an essential factor in ensuring the integrity and security of a WebSocket connection. As mandated by the protocol defined in rfc6455 this key must be Base64-encoded. This provision can be referenced at Datatracker IETF’s site. The application of this code not only enhances the security but also optimizes the overall performance of web-based applications. In the ever-evolving world of IT and programming, adhering to such principles builds a firm foundation for more secure and efficient digital architecture.

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Unlocking the intricacies of the DRAKON language, once a closely-guarded secret of the Soviet Union, can open up doors in the programming world. The brain behind this language's popularization, Parondzhanov V. D., has tirelessly contributed to promoting this language, even authoring web content, books, and organising workshops about it, making it feasible for professionals like chemists and doctors to use it.

Built distinctly from the myriad symbolic languages, DRAKON is graphical, portraying algorithms as easily comprehensible icons. Most notable is the simplicity of these diagrammatic flows which are so clear that even non-programmers find them legible. Additionally, these diagrams can be transformed into functioning programmes with just one click.

Developers looking to translate their algorithms to easily intelligible forms can leverage the DRAKON language to create diagrams. Wh...

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Understanding the placement of files within the Service Terminal Folder is critical. For instance, in the accompanying image, one can view the setup of a new sell order, specifically with a comment denoting 1800 points. This visualization extends to the after effects of the sell order as well.

But it doesn't stop there.

Displaying graphical objects, like a horizontal line at 450 points, can make a huge difference in comprehension. There's much to glean from the subsequent result of creating this line.

How does the Real SL Trailing function? Quite simple. Begin by opening a trade order and specifying the real stop loss distance in points within the comments. On the other hand, the Virtual SL Trailing process involves crafting a horizontal line on the same symbol chart. Follow this by renaming it and marking the virtual stop loss distance in points within the object's description.
...

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Delving into the depths of time-series analysis, the intriguing concept of number walls comes to light. Rooted in the cross-rule, number walls enable mathematical predictions about number sequences after generating a matrix, ultimately indicating the sequence's convergence.

Curiously, the usage of Laurent Power Series (FLS) brings to the table a novel way of representing the sequences, relying heavily on arithmetic in polynomial format and Cauchy products. These ideas are elucidated more upon in a newly published paper.

By using LFSR sequences, it's possible to establish the recurrence relation, meaning the linear combination of consecutive terms will equal zero. Thus, an index-based relationship between sequence elements is inferred, bolstering its power to accurately predict the future values.

The beauty of the concept is then illustrated using two simple yet unique examples, th...

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Diving into the intriguing world of hybrid optimization algorithms, there's a particular algorithm that graciously takes the spotlight. The Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFL), founded by M. Eusuff and his team back in 2003. The SFL algorithm smartly interweaves principles from the memetic algorithm and the particle swarm algorithm, creating a blend that mirrors the behaviour of a group of frogs during the foraging phase.

Initially developed as a metaheuristic method to tackle combinatorial optimization issues, the SFL algorithm utilizes mathematical functions and informed heuristic search. Key components of this algorithm are "memeplexes" - interacting virtual populations of frogs. Each memeplex embarks on an independent local search, resembling particle swarm optimization but with a spotlight on local search.

Despite having local emphasis, global exploration is supported throu...

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A fundamental element in currency trading is risk management. The offered MQL5 Expert Advisor (EA) script bears significance by automating this process. Rather than focusing on entry signals or market timings, it emphasizes on safely closing open positions, contingent on a user-defined profit or loss threshold, thereby limiting potential risks.

Two primary external variables integrated into the code are 'RiskPercentage' and 'ProfitPercentage'. The former is used to calculate the maximum permitted loss per trade, which is later compared to the current loss. If the loss reaches the mentioned limit, the trade concludes. Conversely, 'ProfitPercentage' measures the expected profit per trade. When profits touch the defined limit, the trade automatically secures the gain.

Being independent of specific market indicators, this EA is versatile, applicable to any symbol or timeframe. Nonethele...

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Transitioning from a manual strategy to a fully automated Expert Advisor (EA) requires a solid understanding of programming and financial markets. The belief that fully automated EAs could instantly generate profits is misleading.

Every strategy, algorithm, or method designed to turn an automated system into a profitable scheme has already been tested and developed. Some have proven unsuitable, while others have prevailed by incorporating effective risk control mechanisms, earning steady profits over a period.

The process of designing a fully automated EA necessitates a clearly defined set of trading rules. It is pivotal to avoid subjectivity. Teaching a robot, devoid of emotion or bias, requires complete objectivity. The process of setting trading rules will be strictly governed by the chosen model.

The key behind making a system adaptive is through incorporating a level of erro...

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In the dynamic landscape of trading, calculating risk is a fundamental component. A tool which readily provides the risk calculation in the account currency for a specific trading volume of any selected symbol can significantly optimize decision-making processes.

The utility of such a program lies in its ability to operate at diverse time periods, thus offering a broader perspective on the projected risk. Proactively managing exposure has never been more straightforward.

The calculated risk data is dexterously published in the journal found in the Experts tab of the Toolbox. With the information at your fingertips, easy and efficient risk analysis becomes more attainable, enhancing overall trading practices.

In this ever-evolving world of trading technologies, being adept at leveraging the right tools can make the difference between successes and missed opportunities. Remember, fa...

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The drawdown-averaging algorithm, a popular method employed by a wide range of Expert Advisors, exhibits myriad variations and hybrids. Predicated upon the concept of trading against market movement, this practice allows the EA to buy low and sell high.

The rebuy algorithm, as it's commonly referred, draws from a rich pool of strategic subtleties, making it a fertile ground for further examinations. Nuanced assessments of these rebuy systems are key to enhancing their trading efficiency.

Unfortunately, it seems that not every algorithmic and manual trader grasps the gravity of these systems. Without a comprehensive understanding of the methods employed, they risk blowing up their account or getting stuck in a drawdown. Thus, reaching out to and taking advice from experienced practitioners is of paramount importance.

To properly assess rebuy systems, traders must factor in indirec...

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In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, it's crucial to stay on top of emerging trends and technologies. Recently, there has been significant progress made in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Machine Learning (ML), a subset of AI, is steadily gaining traction across multiple industries. This technology enables computers to learn and interpret data patterns, a task typically assigned to human intelligence.

Python, a versatile programming language, is often preferred for ML because of its simplicity and extensive libraries. Whether it's automating routine tasks, developing complex algorithms, or data analysis, Python offers robust solutions.

However, progressing with Python entails familiarity with its syntax and understanding the foundations of ML. There are various online platforms available where interested individuals can learn Python for ML at their own pace.

Apart...

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Continuing from the previous section on monoids, the discussion now shifts towards their transformative properties. Monoids, by definition, maintain a characteristic of consistency retaining members of their set. Thus, their role in transformation is limited.

Monoid actions are, therefore, the key attributes that allow transformation since the action set doesn't need to subsist within the monoid set. As a result, monoid action outputs can fall outside the monoid set, opening up new opportunities for data manipulation.

To understand further, one can imagine a monoid action 'a' of a monoid M (e, *) on a set S. This can be represented as such: a: M x S --> S ; where m, n, are representatives of the monoid M, and s belongs to the set S. This fundamental understanding aids in demystifying the roles of monoids and their actions.

Transitioning to practical application, the relative import...

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Presenting the MT5 custom indicator, 'wd.Range_BB,' a sophisticated tool designed to exhibit Bollinger Bands with personalized color schemes and line styles on the trading charts. Additionally, this useful gadget calculates the range bandwidth, referring to the difference in pips, between the upper and lower Bollinger Bands.

The one feature that sets 'wd.Range_BB' apart is the diversified Bollinger Bands Settings. These configurations allow users to alter the period, shift, deviation, and applied price for the Bollinger Bands along with modifying the visual elements including color and line style.

Another unique attribute is the capability to 'place range/bandwidth information labels' in a specified sub-window. The location of the labels can be adjusted according to user preference, facilitating placement in the primary chart or subs-window. To enhance user convenience, the label pl...

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