Unlocking the potential of Decision Trees in programming. Comprehending the problem at hand through a flowchart-like structure, each Node encoding attribute features, branches determining the test outcome, and leaf Nodes predicting results. Distinguish types of Nodes, from internal Nodes, which make decisions based on features, to leaf nodes, which complete the decision-making process.

Build a comprehensive understanding of Nodes, which feature crucial information like test conditions, thresholds, and child Nodes. Utilize decision trees such as CART and ID3, which utilize Gini impurity, mean squared error, and entropy to make informed decisions.

The decision tree algorithm is formed through splitting subsets based on features until conditions are met, nesting the build_tree function inside the fit function for more user-friendly operations. Real-time predictions are made after care...

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Recognizing there are no reports of memory leaks in MQL5 applications such as expert advisors, scripts or indicators, this post draws attention to the possibility of these occurrences through the misuse of the 'new' operator. These leaks can occur with complex programs possessing many classes and data collections, often overlooked due to the intricate nature of the program. Highlighting the importance of early detection and fix of such problems, the strategy tester is proposed as a tool that could be utilized for both developing a coherent trading logic and detecting software-related issues.

A proposed solution comes in the form of an include file, the "checker_for_memory_leaks". This file was contributed by Dominik Egert: https://www.mql5.com/en/forum/438987. The header file is capable of monitoring any upcoming memory leaks during application testing in the strategy tester for Exp...

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Promoting versatility in system applications, this article outlines the process of adapting the replay system implemented initially for the stock market, to Forex and other related markets. It underscores unique challenges forex markets pose in testing and training that the stock market doesn't, and how the MetaTrader 5 platform is capable of tackling such hindrances.

It further explains the peculiarities of trade performance in the forex market and the role of central banks in dictating the market dynamics. By using a floating point numbering system, it tries to build a system flexible enough to handle a wide range of conditions, independent of the market type.

The functionality is further improved by enabling the system to validate data during the replay startup and displaying integral information related to calculation and display modes to the user. However, it warns against re...

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Surveying the landscape of accessible multi time-frame indicators? This indicator provides a structure based on recursion that is friendly for those new to programming. The role of the indicator calculation is easily interchangeable, offering versatility to developers while maintaining a straightforward functionality. Moreover, this same piece of technology has a functional role that enables the downloading of multi time-frame data. With appropriate alterations, developers can potentially create varied symbol implementations. This update note also includes a further structural re-arrangement: the block previously located below has moved just under the initialization of the counted_bars variable. The change reflects an efficiency-focused optimization by setting counted_bars to equal firstBarToDraw when counted_bars is less than firstBarToDraw. As a whole, a more efficient, flexible too...

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Existing financial market predictive models continue to pursue relevancy and precision. This pursuit directs us towards frequency domain digital filters as tools for feature extraction. The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) allows time series analysis in the frequency domain and provides considerable benefits for large data sets, especially when leveraging the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm.

Upon employing in-phase, in-quadrature, and quadrature mirror filters, we attempt to dissect their application in time series analysis. In-phase filters, such as bandpass filters, deliver preservation of input-output phase relationships. However, using in-phase filters like lowpass following a bandpass filter could potentially uncover valuable process tendencies.

In contrast, in-quadrature filters (or quadrature filters) provide unique value by introducing a 90-degree phase shift. This ...

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For traders and developers who understand the algorithmic nuances of chart patterns in relation to relative strength indicators (RSIs), examining engulfing bar levels can be a fascinating avenue. With this in mind, it becomes crucial to set effective alerts when these bars dip below or rise above established RSI levels. This way, potential trading opportunities can be identified and acted upon swiftly.

An underemphasized aspect of digital trading is vigilant monitoring, and this approach brings it into focus. Automated alerts can significantly reduce the time spent on manual oversight, enabling quicker reactions to market trends. Furthermore, employing a methodical alert system centered around engulfing bars and RSIs could increase efficiency, especially for high-frequency traders.

Algorithmic trading systems now provide the option to set such alerts – enabling a seamless integratio...

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Today's discussion looks at the profound yet less explored concept of metabars. A metabar, in essence, is a conditional fusion of consecutive bars into one larger unit. Despite its similarity to higher timeframe bars, the core difference lies in the floating size of a metabar and its lack of attachment to a specific start and end time. This unique composition allows traders to spot various candlestick analysis patterns more frequently.

Leveraging this, the previous article established the blueprint for creating a Doji candlestick indicator on metabars and demonstrated its practical application. This following segment will attempt to build a trading strategy using such indicator aiming at possibly increasing the profit-making opportunities as more deals can be anticipated with the employment of metabars.

However, simply opening and closing trades based on the indicator results cannot...

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Unveiling MT5 port, a custom-designed indicator, primarily engineered for personal use. A distinguished feature is the capability to customize a checklist, invaluable in methodically verifying rules prior to initiating a trade. It is pivotal to comprehend, however, that this is not an automated function. Manual input is needed to construct the checks and appropriately brand them in alignment with the selected strategy.

A useful feature is the TAG setting, which authorizes the operation of numerous instances of this indicator on a single chart. It's a crucial requirement that all instances should possess unique TAG values. Additionally, the 'Window Position' attribute enables defining the location for default window opening.

To round it off, the allowance for defining personal checklist rules is flexible with 'Check01...Check20' settings. An innovative tool, giving room for more stra...

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A new Expert Advisor has been developed with a unique function. Focused on manual trade training, this tool employs the Martingale method, which can conveniently be switched on or off as per user requirements. However, it's crucial to note that this functionality is exclusively active under the Strategy Tester Mode. This tool is particularly beneficial for developers, presenting functionality while providing the flexibility to modify its application as per individual needs. As with any algorithmic solution, users are encouraged to rigorously test before broader application.

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Presenting a newly developed Expert Advisor (EA) designed specifically for Manual Trade Training applications. It harnesses the mathematical probability concept of Martingale that can be selectively activated or deactivated based on the user's preferences. Crucially, its functionality is exclusive to Strategy Tester Mode — a unique adaptation tailored to cater to specific testing and experiment requirements of evolving IT landscape. Using this state-of-the-art software, trial-and-error processes can be drastically reduced, providing broadened perspectives and precision in outcomes. It is a reflection of maintaining the balance between old and new - keeping the traditional concept of Martingale intact while integrating it into modern technology. It's an innovative solution that contributes to the ongoing pursuit of making Manual Trade Training more efficient and streamlined. Experience...

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An in-depth look at the utilization of category theory in volatility forecasting, specifically when dealing with the S&P 500. Learn how graphs, derived from economic calendar data such as MQL5, are construed as categories and analyzed as domain against the S&P 500 volatility readings which act as codomain. This thorough exploration provides insight into how technicalities like Functor Morphisms between categories don't simply link objects, but also correlate the homomorphisms, thus profiling an edge in volatility forecasting for traders.

Moreover, the piece highlights how category theory allows for transfer learning where optimal coefficients obtained from compute-intensive calculations can be applied across different currencies and equity indices thereby enhancing performance. Lastly, delay advantage in functor relationships is covered, showing how it can be exploitatively ...

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Introducing an enhanced feature for chart plotting: the ability to draw custom grids using the Rectangle shape. Now, users can select a range within this polygon to fit their preference.

This added functionality allows either the utilization of a rectangle range or custom points, offering greater flexibility. True to its form, the parameters consist of a simple boolean system: set the mode to 'true' to utilize the rectangle range, switch it to 'false' to stick with custom points.

This feature offers precise control over grid creation, paving the way for a more flexible and customizable chart plotting experience. Enhance charts, streamline data visualization, and make every plot worthwhile with this updated feature. Simplicity and control, combined to bring you the best in grid plotting.

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Utilizing a Heikin Ashi chart typically improves the cleanliness and clarity of trends, providing a less noisy representation of data. However, a significant imperfection remains - obscuration of true bar/candle values, most notably, the exact closing prices.

The Heikin Ashi 'Closing Price' is essentially the application of a 'Total Price', while its 'Open Price' operates as a moving average of its closing prices. To counter this, consider representing data as dual lines instead, aiding in maintaining visibility of true bar/candle values. The implementation of this indicator will feature a dotted line for 'opening values' and a solid line to depict 'closing values'.

Be aware that the default line colour applied is gray, which some may find a tad uninspiring. It's recommended to choose a colour that correlates positively with the individual's preference and the appearance of their ...

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Addressing an issue experienced by many developers, the use of Heikin Ashi charts, this post presents a solution. Despite their appeal for less noise and clearer trends, a critical flaw inherent in these charts is the obscuring of true bar/candle values, in particular, the closing prices.

The Heikin Ashi closing price is simply an alternate price known as the "total price", and its opening is a moving average of its own closing prices. Therefore, it is suggested to display it as two separate lines. This adjustment is made possible through the use of this particular indicator.

In this modification, the bars/candles' accurate values are still visible. The opening is highlighted by a dotted line whereas the closing is distinguished by a solid line. It is crucial to note, however, that by default Gray/Gey is the chosen line colour, which might appear dull. Users may personalize the co...

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Presenting the book "MQL5 Programming for Traders". This is the most comprehensive guide authored by experienced algorithmic trader Stanislav Korotky with MetaQuotes' support.

The book is intended for programmers of all levels. Beginners can learn the basics, while users with experience in other programming languages can immediately advance to the applied part: creating trading robots and analytical applications in MQL5.

The book is freely available online, under the "Book" section of the www.mql5.com website.

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The usage of Category Theory, originally proposed by Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders Mac Lane, is very prominent in today's technologically advanced landscapes. Driven by transformational approach, the theory applies not only to areas like linguistic structure research or algebraic topology, but also intriguingly to coding through functional programming languages such as Haskell.

It's time to extend the horizon further and investigate the relationships different categories can share among themselves. Introducing - Functors, which formalize these inter-category relationships.

Let's apply this to a trader's data set. Envisage linking ocean-tide data from California’s coast and the volatility of the NASDAQ Index. By mapping ocean tide data to NASDAQ volatility using functors, can ocean tides be an indicator for this index's volatility? Can seemingly unrelated data sets produce valuable ...

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Stay abreast of changing market trends with the Trend Dashboard Indicator for MetaTrader 5. This multi-timeframe indicator employs three standard indicators for comprehensive market mapping: Stochastic oscillator, RSI, and CCI. It provides an easily interpreted representation of trend directions across M1 to MN1 timeframes.

Attachment of this indicator can be to any timeframe—its flexibility is its advantage. For ease of access, downloads for MT4 and MT5 can be made.

Its functioning is defined by quite an array of input parameters. The CheckCandle parameter determines the candle to be checked for indicator values. For Stochastic indicators, PercentK and PercentD define the periods in bars, while Slowing parameter specifies slowing value. RSIP1 and RSIP2 lay out periods for the first, faster RSI and the second, slower RSI respectively.

Other features include various alerts and no...

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In the world of programming and IT, the exploration of data classification can be an expansive journey. Utilizing the MQL5 wizard, potential insights emerge from implementing and testing simple k-means clustering ideas. As an unsupervised method, k-means clustering presents distinct characteristics when compared to Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering, offering increased utility through its unique methodology.

Initiating with a randomized selection of cluster centers, k-means clustering recalibrates iteratively until variance within each cluster is minimized. Despite its potency, the method has a key disadvantage, it's slow speed and inefficiency. Solutions for these limitations come in various forms, such as the Jenks’ Natural Breaks, which emphasizes cluster mean over chosen centroids, and the k-medoids method, which considers actual data points as potential centroids.

Further di...

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Consider the Technicalities:

Professional Trader Lab Expert Advisor (EA), developed by profnas100, is designed to facilitate trading during the London Session. The copyright for this EA remains protected until 2023.

Key parameters in the EA such as 'previousHigh', 'previousLow', and 'fairValueGap' are defined at the start. The 'targetPips' is pre-assigned 20. The London session timings are set based on the broker's server time.

On initialization, the Expert Advisor prints a confirmation message and carries out any specific initialization logic necessary.

During each trading tick, a check is made for the London Session time frame. If current time aligns with the London session, the EA calculates the previous M15 high and low to derive the 'fairValueGap'.

Further, it observes a potential market structure shift and defines buying or selling conditions accordingly. The trade entry...

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Glad to share some critical guidelines to follow for publishing technical materials focused on programming. Understanding the core concept behind the code forms an integral part. Therefore, an interpretation of the underlying ideas is recommended. Clear and concise explanation of external variables used can support better understanding.

If submission relates to an Expert Advisor, indicating the most compatible symbol and timeframe would yield maximum utility. In case of an include file submission, its distinct purposes, be it trailing or determining the size of an open position, should be specified to provide clear context to the readers.

Whilst attaching images, ensure they are in manageable sizes, preferably not exceeding 750х500 pixels. For better visual compatibility, particularly in print format, adhere to a black and white color scheme, especially for charts featuring indicato...

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