Unravel the intricate world of the combinatorial algorithm of the GMDH (Group Method of Data Handling), commonly known as COMBI. Serving as the foundation for more complex algorithms, COMBI operates on input data represented as a matrix encompassing observations over variables. This deep dive into COMBI outlines its unique computation and how to implement Combinatorial Selective algorithm in MQL5.

The number of nodes in COMBI's single layer is determined by the number of inputs, with each node representing a candidate model defined by one or more of the inputs. Models are then selected based on the minimal value of their performance criteria. The article offers a glimpse into COMBI's implementation in MQL5 and highlights its linear model forms.

We cannot overlook the comprehensive nature of COMBI's algorithm, which ensures the retrieval of the optimal polynomial. However, broad se...

Read more...

Are you a code enthusiast looking to learn the ropes of indicator codes? Here's a simple approach to get started. Use this uncomplicated indicator code. It's manageable for beginners, useful for seasoned coders and serves as a practical tool in manual backtest.

Employ this method by just shifting a vertical line in order to display or conceal bars. Simply apply the indicator to the chart and include a Vertical Line object titled "VL". Voila! Now watch it efficiently functioning on Oncalculate().

Relocate the line to the left or the right on the chart to camouflage or reveal bars on the right side. It's a straightforward strategy and an efficient way to kickstart your journey into code. You'll not only learn, but also have a sturdy reference for backtest.

Read more...

Delving into the realm of mathematical expectation in trading can unravel various levels of strategy efficiency. This complex layer of trading systems can throw light on the probability of a game's return, as the example of a mutually profitable game is discussed to demonstrate the workings of mathematical expectation in calculating gains and losses.

How much would you invest in a game which gives you the potential for limitless profits? Though it sounds enticing, it is critical to grasp the inherent risks involved. The game considered here displays a classic case of the 'St. Petersburg paradox' which needs to be navigated thoughtfully.

Interestingly, the concept of moral expectation proposed by Daniel Bernoulli in 1738 urges you to maximize not just the expected payoff, but the utility of the payoff for the player. He asserts that wins hold different values for different players ba...

Read more...

In a recent development, an expert advisor has been designed, incorporating two significant indicators - the Alligator and Bollinger Bands. Intended for application within the foreign exchange market, it specifically targets the GBP/AUD currency pair. Operating on a time frame of 15 minutes, the regime of operation for this advisor maintains a rigorous short-term analysis structure. Leveraging the strength of both the Alligator and Bollinger Bands indicators, it successfully amalgamates trend identification with volatility measurement. End users can anticipate detailed, reliable metrics to bolster their trading decisions.

Read more...

As a leading developer, the exploration of repeated indicator duplication prevention on MetaTrader 5 continues. Practically, this is to ensure the single instantiation of particular indicators in MetaTrader 5 and avoid any unintended duplication. The narrative provides a detailed, step-by-step process for coding to achieve this, ensuring the interaction between the indicator and Expert Advisor works seamlessly.

From providing control points in indicator code to modifying the Expert Advisor code accordingly, a sequential narrative unfolds for the user. Additionally, observably unorthodox programming choices like the use of NULL and PERIOD_CURRENT in this tutorial gain context when explained, highlighting the complex layer of interaction both intra and inter-system.

Accuracy is stressed while passing parameters with the correct data type to avoid runtime errors. Also emphasized are ...

Read more...

Visual depiction of market data is a fundamental element of trading tactics. An often overlooked tool that enhances these visual analyses is the MQL5 indicators. Based on mathematical calculations and algorithms, these indicators help traders recognize lucrative opportunities by statistically interpreting market behavior. They can be directly applied to price charts, supplying user with valuable insights into market dynamics. In a series of articles, the creation, customization, and application of MQL5 indicators will be examined in the context of MetaTrader 5 enhancement. The goal of these articles is to provide you with the knowledge on creating MQL5 custom indicators that match your trading goals.

Read more...

For developers and IT experts, here's a new expert advisor that may be worth your attention. The advisor uses three indicators - a simple moving average, standard deviation, and RSI - to identify price reversals.

Consider a buy signal. This is issued when the opening price falls below the moving average (diminished by 2-standard deviations) and the RSI is below oversold value. Further, the closing price must exceed the moving average (less 2-standard deviations) and the RSI must ascend past the oversold signal. Here, the take profit equates to the asking price increased by 2-standard deviations, and the stop loss is the asking price less the standard deviation.

Conversely, a sell signal arises when the opening price overshoots the moving average (plus 2-standard deviations) and the RSI is overbought. Additionally, the closing price must be less than the moving average (increased by ...

Read more...

Understand the mechanism behind the creation of custom indicators with drawings, made using standard library's CCanvas class. Uncover the reasons why CCanvas surpasses other methods, the essential chart properties needed for coordinates calculation, and the transparent indicator creation process. Addressed topics include the enhanced adaptability of Canvas, the necessity of chart window properties for custom charts, and DRAW_FILLING with the added transparency feature.

Examine the properties of CHART_WIDTH_IN_PIXELS, CHART_HEIGTH _IN_PIXELS, CHART_PRICE_MAX, CHART_PRICE_MIN, CHART_SCALE, CHART_FISRT_VISIBLE_BAR and CHART_VISIBLE_BARS to comprehend their role in forming a custom chart. Witness how chart changes impact these properties.

Accomplish a deeper comprehension of coordinates conversion and its role in the chart window properties through practical examples. Further, the asso...

Read more...

In the expanding realm of financial technology, flexibility and adaptability are key. The discussion revolves around a versatile tool that seamlessly integrates with your expert advisor (EA). It operates across all assets and markets with ease. The encompassing scope of this tool allows it to function universally. Once plugged into your EA, it streamlines operations and optimizes trading strategies. In a fluctuating financial ecosystem, having a versatile tool can make a substantial difference. A well-integrated system presupposes efficient management of trades across varied asset classes and markets. This tool exemplifies innovation and efficiency, signifying a new benchmark for trading algorithms. Remember, in the world of digital finance, adaptability is everything.

Read more...

Reinforcement learning algorithms are reliant on reward policies but in reality, rewards do not follow every action. In trading, for instance, a reward is only received once a position is closed. Therefore, establishing how each action contributes to the overall result can be complex. Looking towards human behavior and the role of curiosity in learning could provide new approaches to structuring reward policies and model training processes. A method based on incorporating "curiosity," or the error in the model's ability to predict actions consequences, was applied in a study in 2017. This “intrinsic” reward encourages exploration and can help overcome challenges such as rare extrinsic rewards, training without rewards, and generalization to new scenarios. This approach has shown effectiveness in computer games and demonstrates the potential for transferability to trading. By applying ...

Read more...

An innovation in trading indicators has arrived, adding new methods to the conventional indicators on MetaTrader5. Building on the Bollinger Bands indicator, the new addition brings on board exponential, smoothed, and linearWeighted methods to the existing simple moving average technique.

To use this new tool, it has to be placed in a specific directory. For Windows users, this will be a path similar to C:\Users\lucas\AppData\Roaming\MetaQuotes\Terminal\Indicators\Examples.

One of its unique features is its default setting at zero. There's also an example of execution which opts for LinearWeighted average. The code extends the capabilities of standard indicators, offering users a more comprehensive approach to data analysis.

Read more...

Leveraging the classic trading fundamentals, the strategy uses various refined indicators for different markets and exchanges. The approach relies on the combined usage of several indicators, some modified for better performance. Owl Smart Levels, an indicator fusing all crucial parameters, unveils the interaction of the trading system's components. The utilitarian design of this comprehensive trading system makes it a ready-to-use tool for following this profitable strategy.

Break-up of the system:

1. Profitable trading involves correct trend determination.
2. Understanding the difference between global and local trends.
3. Choosing the most suitable trend-following trading practices.
4. Detailed understanding of the tools of the Owl strategy.
5. Execution of the strategy and determination of stop loss, take profit levels.
6. Usage of additional tools and determining the entry poi...

Read more...

Unraveling the significance of geometric mean in mathematics: It serves as an average that expresses the central tendency of a finite set of real numbers. Unlike the arithmetic mean that utilizes the sum of these numbers, the geometric counterpart deploys their product.

Primarily, geometric mean is quite beneficial for computing sets of numbers either designated for multiplication or exhibit an exponential character, for instance, population growth figures or financial investment's fluctuating interest rates.

In terms of benchmarking, it excels in calculating speedup ratio means. To understand better, consider a combination of 0.5x (half as fast) and 2x (twice as fast), the mean derived will be 1 (implying null speedup).

Geometric mean is indeed more effective than arithmetic mean in defining proportional growth, be it constant or varying. Within the business sector, geometric m...

Read more...

Continuing from the previous insight into the potential of category theory in complex systems, the concepts of spans, experiments, and compositions emerge as significant tools. These elements offer intensified, adaptable reasoning about systems and can drive the development of advanced trading strategies.

In-depth knowledge of the underlying financial market structure through category theory can equip traders with novel insights, enabling the crafting of intricate portfolios and efficient risk management strategies.

In terms of category theory, a span is a construction that interconnects three objects and two transitions between them. It facilitates the comparison of two paths or viewpoints and allows a broader analysis of the system. Pullbacks, a type of limit where objects are interconnected by a pair of morphisms, play an essential role in various areas of mathematics and scien...

Read more...

Focusing on order handling, there is an implementation in place that utilizes 'CArrayInt' which keeps track of ticket numbers affiliated with trades. In connection to this, changes to the list of tickets are monitored within the 'onTimer' function. As modifications occur, these trigger specific event handlers. Please be aware this is a fundamental approach, lacking comprehensive features found in MQL5's prestigious 'onTradeTransaction' handler. In order to provide transparency on the operation, a visual output log from the Expert Advisor demonstrates the function in action. This model is intended to illustrate the basic structure of the EA's operations.

Read more...

Dive into the world of Autoencoders, an unsupervised form of artificial neural networks. This form of neural network works by compressing input data into a lower dimension and attempting to use this lower dimensional representation to recreate the original input.

For instance, imagine passing a blurred cat image through an autoencoder; it will compress the image, decompress it back to its original state, all while losing some of its noisy or blurred pixels to leave a clearer image behind. This process cues to the financial space where an autoencoder neural network can filter out market noise and unearth trading opportunities.

Explore the intricate parts of an Autoencoder, which consists of an encoder that compresses the input data into a lower-dimensional latent representation, while the decoder takes the latent representation and tries to reconstruct the original data. Consider th...

Read more...

Presenting a variant of the Bollinger Bands, which leverages linear weighted average and weighted deviation. This innovative approach provides a nuanced methodology to understanding price volatility in the market. This new tool promises to enhance the manner in which deviations are analyzed.

Usage guidelines: This tool can be utilized in the same way as any Bollinger type indicator. Relying on statistical calculations, it offers a comprehensive understanding of price behavior. It is rooted in cogent methodologies, aimed at enabling a more complex interpretation of market trends.

References to the ins and outs of the weighted deviation principle can be looked up. Focus on an analytical approach towards a better understanding of market dynamics for a successful implementation of this model.

Remember: A robust analysis means better decision-making power. An amplified understanding o...

Read more...

The importance of interaction between an Expert Advisor (EA) that trades automatically and the trade server cannot be overstated. Analyzing EA automation begins with understanding the flow of messages between them. Typically, a simple system would involve transactional communication bound by the direction of messages. However, for complete automation or minimal automation, certain extra features and details need to be added throughout the EA and the C_Manager class.

Addressing control and accessibility issues, some functions have been added to the C_Manager class. These will either release the EA or inform what the EA intends to do. This aids in increasing the robustness and reliability of the code. One of the functions removes pending ticket value when its value is equal to the pending ticket. It is crucial to note that a pending order usually does not get removed by the EA, but by ...

Read more...

Shifting the focus on technical indicators, there's an innovation in analyzing signals from the renowned RSI (Relative Strength Index). The distinguishing aspect of RSI is level crossing signals, often pegged at 30 and 70. However, the connection to real market conditions could be seen as suboptimal.

For addressing this, dynamic levels have been incorporated in the RSI indicator. The introduction of these dynamic levels enhances the efficiency of these signals, making them more impactful. With this development, expect the signal analysis from the RSI to reach a more proficient level in identifying potential market opportunities.

Read more...

Unveiling the potentials of MetaTrader 5 indicators: the moving average and relative strength index. Both essential tools aid traders in spotting market trends and entry and exit points. The moving average simplifies data by creating a single, consistent line, aiding trend identification. In contrast, the relative strength index measures the speed and change of price movements and determines market over-saturation. Together, these tools can enhance your trades.

Delving into historical data can provide useful insights. Candlestick charts provide key details about price relationships over each period and highlight potential support and resistance levels. Past price movements offer intelligence about trend direction and strength. Historical patterns can guide traders in future market movements and strategy develops.

Issues with off-trend signals have been noticed in the system. The Tre...

Read more...

Continuing the journey with MQL5 programming, part 7 of the series is ready to take theory to practice through real-world examples. The significance of pseudocode as a link between the code implementation and abstract algorithmic concepts will be a crucial investigation point. Things will move towards understanding how AI-generated code can enhance rather than replace conventional coding knowledge and the importance of code understanding. This article will reveal ways to incorporate AI-generated code into programming projects seamlessly.

Trading the high seas of the technological landscape, MQL5 programming now diverges towards project-based learning, focusing on mastering core concepts before developing Expert Advisors or custom indicators. This journey will show that step-by-step tackling of MQL5 complexities can lead to proficiency over time. The hands-on example will demonstrate...

Read more...