// --------- Ownership Rules ---------
// 1. Each value in Rust has a variable that's called its owner.
// 2. There can only be onw owner at a time.
// 3. When the owner goes out of scope, the value will be dropped.

fn main() {

    // Scoping
    {   // _s is not valid here.
        let _s = "Hello, World"; // _s is valid from this point forward. 
        // do stuff with _s.
    }   // This scope is now over, and _s is no longer valid.

    // Assigning variables to another variables.
    let x = 5;
    let _y = x; // Copy (because rust copies simple types) now y = 5

    let s1 = String::from("Hello, World");
    let _s2 = s1; // Move (not (shallow because that's not how rust handles this situation) or (copy because it's to expensive to add a copy on the heap))
    let _s3 = _s2.clone(); // instead to not pass the ownership of the variable to another variable use .clone() method

    println!("The new owner S3 value: {}", _s3);
}