#Antibiotic prescription and #food allergy in young children
http://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-016-0148-7
Conclusions
Receipt of antibiotic prescription in the first year of life is associated with FA diagnosis code in young children after controlling for common covariates. Multiple antibiotic prescriptions are more strongly associated with increases in the odds of FA diagnosis.
http://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-016-0148-7
Conclusions
Receipt of antibiotic prescription in the first year of life is associated with FA diagnosis code in young children after controlling for common covariates. Multiple antibiotic prescriptions are more strongly associated with increases in the odds of FA diagnosis.
Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology
Antibiotic prescription and food allergy in young children
To assess the relationship between any systemic antibiotic prescription within the first year of life and the presence of an ICD-9-CM diagnosis code for food allergy (FA). This was a matched case–control study conducted using South Carolina Medicaid administrative…
Multicenter prevalence of #anaphylaxis in clinic-based oral #food challenges
http://www.annallergy.org/article/S1081-1206(17)30595-1/fulltext
Although previous single-center studies report the rate of anaphylaxis for oral food challenges (OFCs) as 9% to 11%, little is known regarding the epidemiology of clinical OFCs across multiple centers in the United States A total of 6,377 OFCs were performed, and the pooled estimate of anaphylaxis was 2% (95% CI, 1%-3%). The rate of allergic reactions was 14% (95% CI, 13%-16%) and was consistent during the study period (P = .40). Reaction rates ranged from 13% to 33%. Males reacted 16% more frequently than females (95% CI, 4%-37.5%; P = .04). Foods challenged in 2013 varied geographically, with peanut as the most challenged food in the Northeast, Midwest, and West and egg as the most challenged in the South.
Conclusion
As the largest national survey of allergic reactions of clinical open OFCs in a nonresearch setting in the United States, this study found that performing clinical nonresearch open low-risk OFCs results in few allergic reactions, with 86% of challenges resulting in no reactions and 98% without anaphylaxis
http://www.annallergy.org/article/S1081-1206(17)30595-1/fulltext
Although previous single-center studies report the rate of anaphylaxis for oral food challenges (OFCs) as 9% to 11%, little is known regarding the epidemiology of clinical OFCs across multiple centers in the United States A total of 6,377 OFCs were performed, and the pooled estimate of anaphylaxis was 2% (95% CI, 1%-3%). The rate of allergic reactions was 14% (95% CI, 13%-16%) and was consistent during the study period (P = .40). Reaction rates ranged from 13% to 33%. Males reacted 16% more frequently than females (95% CI, 4%-37.5%; P = .04). Foods challenged in 2013 varied geographically, with peanut as the most challenged food in the Northeast, Midwest, and West and egg as the most challenged in the South.
Conclusion
As the largest national survey of allergic reactions of clinical open OFCs in a nonresearch setting in the United States, this study found that performing clinical nonresearch open low-risk OFCs results in few allergic reactions, with 86% of challenges resulting in no reactions and 98% without anaphylaxis
!!
One in 10 adults in US has #food #allergy, but nearly 1 in 5 think they do
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/arh-oi1122718.php
..Researchers discovered that only half of adults with convincing food allergy had a physician-confirmed diagnosis, and less than 25 percent reported a current epinephrine prescription.
Researchers also found that nearly half of food-allergic adults developed at least one of their food allergies as an adult.
"We were surprised to find that adult-onset food allergies were so common," says Dr. Gupta. "More research is needed to understand why this is occurring and how we might prevent it."
The study data indicate that the most prevalent food allergens among U.S. adults are shellfish (affecting 7.2 million adults), milk (4.7 million), peanut (4.5 million), tree nut (3 million), fin fish (2.2 million), egg (2 million), wheat (2 million), soy (1.5 million), and sesame (.5 million).
Our data show that shellfish is the top food allergen in adults, that shellfish allergy commonly begins in adulthood, and that this allergy is remarkably common across the lifespan," says Dr. Gupta. "We need more studies to clarify why shellfish allergy appears to be so common and persistent among U.S. adults.
One in 10 adults in US has #food #allergy, but nearly 1 in 5 think they do
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-01/arh-oi1122718.php
..Researchers discovered that only half of adults with convincing food allergy had a physician-confirmed diagnosis, and less than 25 percent reported a current epinephrine prescription.
Researchers also found that nearly half of food-allergic adults developed at least one of their food allergies as an adult.
"We were surprised to find that adult-onset food allergies were so common," says Dr. Gupta. "More research is needed to understand why this is occurring and how we might prevent it."
The study data indicate that the most prevalent food allergens among U.S. adults are shellfish (affecting 7.2 million adults), milk (4.7 million), peanut (4.5 million), tree nut (3 million), fin fish (2.2 million), egg (2 million), wheat (2 million), soy (1.5 million), and sesame (.5 million).
Our data show that shellfish is the top food allergen in adults, that shellfish allergy commonly begins in adulthood, and that this allergy is remarkably common across the lifespan," says Dr. Gupta. "We need more studies to clarify why shellfish allergy appears to be so common and persistent among U.S. adults.
EurekAlert!
One in 10 adults in US has food allergy, but nearly 1 in 5 think they do
Over 10 percent of adults in the US -- over 26 million -- are estimated to have food allergy.
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#FastFood Offerings in the United States in 1986, 1991, and 2016 Show Large Increases in #Food Variety, Portion Size, Dietary Energy, and Selected Micronutrients
https://jandonline.org/article/S2212-2672(18)32383-9/fulltext?mobileUi=0
From 1986 to 2016, the number of entrées, sides, and desserts for all restaurants combined increased by 226%. Portion sizes of entrées (13 g/decade) and desserts (24 g/decade), but not sides, increased significantly, and the energy (kilocalories) and sodium of items in all three menu categories increased significantly. Desserts showed the largest increase in energy (62 kcal/decade), and entrées had the largest increase in sodium (4.6% DV/decade). Calcium increased significantly in entrées (1.2%DV/decade) and to a greater extent in desserts (3.9% DV/decade), but not sides, and iron increased significantly only in desserts (1.4% DV/decade).
Conclusions
These results demonstrate broadly detrimental changes in fast-food restaurant offerings over a 30-year span including increasing variety, portion size, energy, and sodium content. Research is needed to identify effective strategies that may help consumers reduce energy intake from fast-food restaurants as part of measures to improve dietary-related health issues in the United States.
#FastFood Offerings in the United States in 1986, 1991, and 2016 Show Large Increases in #Food Variety, Portion Size, Dietary Energy, and Selected Micronutrients
https://jandonline.org/article/S2212-2672(18)32383-9/fulltext?mobileUi=0
From 1986 to 2016, the number of entrées, sides, and desserts for all restaurants combined increased by 226%. Portion sizes of entrées (13 g/decade) and desserts (24 g/decade), but not sides, increased significantly, and the energy (kilocalories) and sodium of items in all three menu categories increased significantly. Desserts showed the largest increase in energy (62 kcal/decade), and entrées had the largest increase in sodium (4.6% DV/decade). Calcium increased significantly in entrées (1.2%DV/decade) and to a greater extent in desserts (3.9% DV/decade), but not sides, and iron increased significantly only in desserts (1.4% DV/decade).
Conclusions
These results demonstrate broadly detrimental changes in fast-food restaurant offerings over a 30-year span including increasing variety, portion size, energy, and sodium content. Research is needed to identify effective strategies that may help consumers reduce energy intake from fast-food restaurants as part of measures to improve dietary-related health issues in the United States.
Ultra-processed #food consumption and the risk of short telomeres in an elderly population of the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project
https://2medical.news/2020/09/14/ultra-processed-food-consumption-and-the-risk-of-short-telomeres-in-an-elderly-population-of-the-seguimiento-universidad-de-navarra-sun-project/
Telomere length (TL) is a marker of biological age that may be affected by dietary factors through oxidation and inflammation mechanisms. In addition, ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased worldwide and it has been associated with the risk of developing several diseases.. ..This is a cross-sectional study of 886 participants (645 men and 241 women) aged 57–91 y recruited from the SUN Project (Spain, 1999–2018). …
https://2medical.news/2020/09/14/ultra-processed-food-consumption-and-the-risk-of-short-telomeres-in-an-elderly-population-of-the-seguimiento-universidad-de-navarra-sun-project/
Telomere length (TL) is a marker of biological age that may be affected by dietary factors through oxidation and inflammation mechanisms. In addition, ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased worldwide and it has been associated with the risk of developing several diseases.. ..This is a cross-sectional study of 886 participants (645 men and 241 women) aged 57–91 y recruited from the SUN Project (Spain, 1999–2018). …
Trends in #Adiposity and #Food Insecurity Among US Adults
https://2medical.news/2020/09/28/trends-in-adiposity-and-food-insecurity-among-us-adults/
..Food insecurity is a core indicator of nutritional status and “exists whenever the availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or the ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain.” ..Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was food insecurity. Data on BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) were categorized as follows: normal weight …
https://2medical.news/2020/09/28/trends-in-adiposity-and-food-insecurity-among-us-adults/
..Food insecurity is a core indicator of nutritional status and “exists whenever the availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or the ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain.” ..Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was food insecurity. Data on BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) were categorized as follows: normal weight …
Effects of oral #semaglutide on energy intake, #food preference, #appetite, control of eating and body #weight in subjects with type 2 #diabetes
https://2medical.news/2020/11/26/effects-of-oral-semaglutide-on-energy-intake-food-preference-appetite-control-of-eating-and-body-weight-in-subjects-with-type-2-diabetes/
Aims To evaluate the effect of oral semaglutide on energy intake and appetite in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods In this randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period cross‐over trial, 15 subjects with T2D received 12 weeks’ treatment with once‐daily oral semaglutide (4‐week dose‐escalation from 3 to 7 to 14 mg) followed by placebo, or vice versa. Energy intake was measured during an ad …
https://2medical.news/2020/11/26/effects-of-oral-semaglutide-on-energy-intake-food-preference-appetite-control-of-eating-and-body-weight-in-subjects-with-type-2-diabetes/
Aims To evaluate the effect of oral semaglutide on energy intake and appetite in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods In this randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period cross‐over trial, 15 subjects with T2D received 12 weeks’ treatment with once‐daily oral semaglutide (4‐week dose‐escalation from 3 to 7 to 14 mg) followed by placebo, or vice versa. Energy intake was measured during an ad …
Investigating Molecular Mechanisms of Immunotoxicity and the Utility of #ToxCast for Immunotoxicity Screening of Chemicals Added to #Food
https://2medical.news/2021/04/04/investigating-molecular-mechanisms-of-immunotoxicity-and-the-utility-of-toxcast-for-immunotoxicity-screening-of-chemicals-added-to-food/
The development of high-throughput screening methodologies may decrease the need for laboratory animals for toxicity testing. Here, we investigate the potential of assessing immunotoxicity with high-throughput screening data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ToxCast program. As case studies, we analyzed the most common chemicals added to food as well as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) shown to migrate to food from packaging materials or …
https://2medical.news/2021/04/04/investigating-molecular-mechanisms-of-immunotoxicity-and-the-utility-of-toxcast-for-immunotoxicity-screening-of-chemicals-added-to-food/
The development of high-throughput screening methodologies may decrease the need for laboratory animals for toxicity testing. Here, we investigate the potential of assessing immunotoxicity with high-throughput screening data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ToxCast program. As case studies, we analyzed the most common chemicals added to food as well as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) shown to migrate to food from packaging materials or …
#Obesity and Responsiveness to #Food Marketing Before and After #Bariatric Surgery
https://2medical.news/2021/04/09/obesity-and-responsiveness-to-food-marketing-before-and-after-bariatric-surgery/
Although food marketing is often accused of increasing population obesity, the relationship between individual responsiveness to marketing and obesity has yet to be established: Are people with obesity more responsive to food marketing and, if so, is it a stable trait or can it be reversed by bariatric surgery? We studied the responses to three common marketing tactics that frame foods and portions as healthier …
https://2medical.news/2021/04/09/obesity-and-responsiveness-to-food-marketing-before-and-after-bariatric-surgery/
Although food marketing is often accused of increasing population obesity, the relationship between individual responsiveness to marketing and obesity has yet to be established: Are people with obesity more responsive to food marketing and, if so, is it a stable trait or can it be reversed by bariatric surgery? We studied the responses to three common marketing tactics that frame foods and portions as healthier …
Association of ultra-processed #food intake with risk of #inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study
https://2medical.news/2021/07/20/massociation-of-ultra-processed-food-intake-with-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-prospective-cohort-study/
https://2medical.news/2021/07/20/massociation-of-ultra-processed-food-intake-with-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-prospective-cohort-study/
2Medical.News
Association of ultra-processed #food intake with risk of #inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study
To evaluate the relation between intake of ultra-processed food and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Design Prospective cohort study. Setting 21 low, middle, and high income countries acro…
#Ultra-processed #food consumption is associated with all-cause and #cardiovascular mortality in participants with type 2 #diabetes independent of diet quality: a prospective observational cohort study
https://2medical.news/2023/08/02/ultra-processed-food-consumption-is-associated-with-all-cause-and-cardiovascular-mortality-in-participants-with-type-2-diabetes-independent-of-diet-quality-a-prospective-observational-cohort-stud/
https://2medical.news/2023/08/02/ultra-processed-food-consumption-is-associated-with-all-cause-and-cardiovascular-mortality-in-participants-with-type-2-diabetes-independent-of-diet-quality-a-prospective-observational-cohort-stud/
2Medical.News
#Ultra-processed #food consumption is associated with all-cause and #cardiovascular mortality in participants with type 2 #diabetes…
BackgroundNutritional strategies for prevention and management of type 2 diabetes traditionally emphasize dietary patterns reflecting nutrient goals, but the health implications of ultra-processed …
#Prebiotic #diet changes neural correlates of #food decision-making in #overweight adults: a randomised controlled within-subject cross-over trial
https://2medical.news/2023/10/25/prebiotic-diet-changes-neural-correlates-of-food-decision-making-in-overweight-adults-a-randomised-controlled-within-subject-cross-over-trial/
https://2medical.news/2023/10/25/prebiotic-diet-changes-neural-correlates-of-food-decision-making-in-overweight-adults-a-randomised-controlled-within-subject-cross-over-trial/
2Medical.News
#Prebiotic #diet changes neural correlates of #food decision-making in #overweight adults: a randomised controlled within-subject…
Objective Animal studies suggest that prebiotic, plant-derived nutrients could improve homoeostatic and hedonic brain functions through improvements in microbiome–gut–brain communication. However, …