■ Notes on urology : part 2
● uretheral catheter is CI in case of bleeding per urethra
● 70 % of renal injuries are minor doesn't require surgical intervention
● degree of hematuria may not predict severity of renal injuriy & abscent in 10-25%
● CT with contrast on abdomen & pelvis is the goldstandard in staging of renal injuries & must the patient is the hemodynamically stable
● 80% of cases with renal blunt trauma injuries : bleeding stop with bed rest & hydration
● surgical expolration is the role in penetrating renal injuries except when staging show minor parenchymal injury
● Ascending cystogram is the best choice in case of bladder injuries
● tea drop deformity is seen in extraperitoneal rupture of bladder
● Urine catheter : make damage for posterior urethra
● retrograde urethrography should be done for all cases of urethral injury
● uretheral catheter is CI in case of bleeding per urethra
● 70 % of renal injuries are minor doesn't require surgical intervention
● degree of hematuria may not predict severity of renal injuriy & abscent in 10-25%
● CT with contrast on abdomen & pelvis is the goldstandard in staging of renal injuries & must the patient is the hemodynamically stable
● 80% of cases with renal blunt trauma injuries : bleeding stop with bed rest & hydration
● surgical expolration is the role in penetrating renal injuries except when staging show minor parenchymal injury
● Ascending cystogram is the best choice in case of bladder injuries
● tea drop deformity is seen in extraperitoneal rupture of bladder
● Urine catheter : make damage for posterior urethra
● retrograde urethrography should be done for all cases of urethral injury
❤18
The goldstandard to diagnose the meningitis is ?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
CT
7%
MRI
84%
Lumbar puncture
0%
X-ray
❤4
All the following are false about otogenic brain abscess except ?
Anonymous Quiz
11%
Papilloedema is an early sign
19%
In late stage , the headache is persistent
14%
Projectile vomiting related to the meal
7%
It treated mainly by conservative treatment
48%
All the following are false
😭5❤3
■ بالنسبة للسؤال meningitis :-
● خلي بالك أكثر حاجة بأثر على pia and arachnoid
●بشخص meningitis ب triad :
♤neck rigidity
♤fever ( 39-40 )
♤DCL
●خلي بالك عيان meningitis بموت بسبب septicemia و DIC و addisonian crisis
● انا بعمل CT أو MRi عشان بس to exclude SAH or brain abscess
● lumbar puncture Is the single most important investigation and it is the cornerstone of the diagnosis
● Once suspected meningitis should start ttt immedialty even before culture results
● the best first choice is third generation of cephalosporine and the second is penicillin
● خلي بالك أكثر حاجة بأثر على pia and arachnoid
●بشخص meningitis ب triad :
♤neck rigidity
♤fever ( 39-40 )
♤DCL
●خلي بالك عيان meningitis بموت بسبب septicemia و DIC و addisonian crisis
● انا بعمل CT أو MRi عشان بس to exclude SAH or brain abscess
● lumbar puncture Is the single most important investigation and it is the cornerstone of the diagnosis
● Once suspected meningitis should start ttt immedialty even before culture results
● the best first choice is third generation of cephalosporine and the second is penicillin
❤15
■ مساء الخير يا شباب كذا حد يسألني عن النسااا و الولادة بصراحة حاول تبص ع كل case عن ايه و ليكن في case عن placental abruption تبص عليها بعد كدااا تقرأها من الكتاب دي أول حاجة
بعد كداا الحاجات اللي مش ذكرت في ملف cases ، تقرأها من الكتاب
أي جدول موجود أو أي نوت معينة موجودة في داتا ملف ال cases لازم تبص عليهم احتياط
بعد كداا الحاجات اللي مش ذكرت في ملف cases ، تقرأها من الكتاب
أي جدول موجود أو أي نوت معينة موجودة في داتا ملف ال cases لازم تبص عليهم احتياط
❤14
The most common type of intussuception ?
Anonymous Quiz
1%
ileo-ileal
78%
ileo-caecal
20%
ileo-colic
1%
ileo-ileal colic
0%
Colo-colic
🥰3❤2
■ توضيح سؤال femoral neck fracture :
♧ لما يحصل كسر ف femoral neck بيحصل muscle spasm حوالين الكسر ف Adductor muscles of thigh بيحصل ليها spasm و لأنها الأقوى يبقى تشد ال affected limb ف اتجاهها
● حصل external rotation بسبب irritation of iliopsoas ms اللي من ضمن ال action بتاعها بتعمل flexion & external rotation of the limb و سبب تاني بسبب weight of the limb
● حصل Shortented : نتيجة أول ما يحصل كسر ف feomral neck بيطلع greater trochanteric لفوق الكسر فبيحصل real shortened
♧ لما يحصل كسر ف femoral neck بيحصل muscle spasm حوالين الكسر ف Adductor muscles of thigh بيحصل ليها spasm و لأنها الأقوى يبقى تشد ال affected limb ف اتجاهها
● حصل external rotation بسبب irritation of iliopsoas ms اللي من ضمن ال action بتاعها بتعمل flexion & external rotation of the limb و سبب تاني بسبب weight of the limb
● حصل Shortented : نتيجة أول ما يحصل كسر ف feomral neck بيطلع greater trochanteric لفوق الكسر فبيحصل real shortened
❤15
🗯🗯 توقعات امتحان surgical emergency :-
■ الجراحة العامة :
1- Describe C/P & ttt of rupture spleen
2- etiology & C/P & ttt of paralytic ileus or C/P & complicaton & investigation of vulvolus of sigmoid colon
3- pathology & C/P & investigation of generalized peritonitis
4- pathology & C/P & ttt of mekel's diverticulum or pathology & C/P & investigation of acute pancreatitis
● جراحة العظام :
1- complication of femoral fractures
2- C/P & ttt of shoulder dislocation or hip dislocation
● الرمد :
1- def of chalcosis bulbi , commito retinae
2- list complication of cornea or retina or iris due to blunt trauma
3 - C/P & ttt of sympathetic ophthalmia
4- outline1st aid of lime eye injury
● الشرعي :
1-Compare between inlet & exit of firearm injury
2- mechanism of compression or mechanism of polar fracture
3- factors affecting on prognosis of burn
4- types of medical errors or harm scale
■ ENt :
1- describe cavernous sinus thrombosis
2- pathology & C/P & ttt of lateral sinus thrombosis
■ الجراحة العامة :
1- Describe C/P & ttt of rupture spleen
2- etiology & C/P & ttt of paralytic ileus or C/P & complicaton & investigation of vulvolus of sigmoid colon
3- pathology & C/P & investigation of generalized peritonitis
4- pathology & C/P & ttt of mekel's diverticulum or pathology & C/P & investigation of acute pancreatitis
● جراحة العظام :
1- complication of femoral fractures
2- C/P & ttt of shoulder dislocation or hip dislocation
● الرمد :
1- def of chalcosis bulbi , commito retinae
2- list complication of cornea or retina or iris due to blunt trauma
3 - C/P & ttt of sympathetic ophthalmia
4- outline1st aid of lime eye injury
● الشرعي :
1-Compare between inlet & exit of firearm injury
2- mechanism of compression or mechanism of polar fracture
3- factors affecting on prognosis of burn
4- types of medical errors or harm scale
■ ENt :
1- describe cavernous sinus thrombosis
2- pathology & C/P & ttt of lateral sinus thrombosis
❤15😭1
All the follwing are true about femoral neck fractures except one ?
Anonymous Quiz
1%
Common in old age
39%
The affected limb is shortened & externally rotated& abducted
2%
It leads to avascular necrosis of femoral head
55%
The affected limb is shortened & externally rotated & adducted
3%
In old age : it treaded by hemiarthroplasty
❤5
■ صباح الخير يا شباب بالنسبة للجراحة العامة قبل كداا السؤالين دول جه قبل كدااا ذاكرهم احتياط تجنباً لعدم المفاجاة من القسم
1- enumerate causes of Acute abdomen
2- D.D of mass in right iliac fossa
1- enumerate causes of Acute abdomen
2- D.D of mass in right iliac fossa
❤24
A patient receive a tennis ball hit to his eye which used to have 6/6 vision . External eye examination showed no abnormalities , vision is HM & normal red reflex . Possible diagnosis is ?
Anonymous Quiz
72%
Berlin's edema
11%
Vitreous hemorrahge
3%
2ry glucoma
6%
Traumatic catract
9%
Subconjuctival hemorrhage
❤13