#particle #か ?
1. adding か in last sentence can change sentence to the question sentence
2. か= "or" in english

tatoeba:
positive sentence:
(+) Akiko Is Japanese
(+) アキコは日本人です
(Akiko wa Nihonjin desu)

to change in question sentence + か in behind sentence
(?) Is Akiko Japanese?
(?) アキコは日本人ですか
(Akiko wa nihonjin desuka)

#particle #か

#particle #ka for "or"
コーヒーか水が飲みたいです
(kōhī ka mizu ga nomitaidesu)
I want to drink coffee or water
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#particle #も = also or too in English

example sentences:
Akiko is Japanese. Miyabi also Japanese.
Akiko は日本人です。Miyabi も日本人です。
(Akiko wa nihonjin desu. Miyabi mo nihonjindesu.)

example in simple conversation:
A: I'm cold
B: I also cold

A: 私は寒いです (watashi wa samui desu)
B: 私も寒いです (watashi mo samui desu)
#particle #も
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#particle #から in general is "from, because"

indicating place / direction 'from'
tatoeba:
家から学校まで歩きます
(uchi kara gakkō made arukimasu)
I walk from my house to my school.
#particle #から

indicating time 'from, since'
tatoeba:
これからもっとまじめに勉強します
(kore kara motto majime benkyō shimasu)
I will study more seriously from now
#particle #から

Shows cause / reason
tatoeba:
遠いから、はっきり見えません
(tōi kara, hakkiri miemasen)
I can't see it clearly because it is far away
#particle #から

show meaning 'after' with use '-te form + から'
tatoeba:
手を洗ってから、ご飯を食べます
(te o aratte kara, gohan o tabemasu)
eating meal after washing hand
#particle #から
=======================

#intermezzo #unique
Korea and Japan have same pronunciation about 'bag'
🇰🇷 가방 (gabang)
🇯🇵 鞄 (kaban) read kabang
======================

#particle #まで ?
particle まで is 'until' in english

tatoeba:
I studied until midnight
夜中まで勉強しました
(yonaka made benkyō shimashita)

I walk to the station
駅まで歩きます
(eki made arukimasu)

example combination with から
I walked from the school to the station
学校から駅まで歩きました
(gakkō kara eki made arukimashita)
#particle #まで
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===============

count the number of people
1人 = ひとり (hitori) = 1 person
2人 = ふたり (futari) = 2 person
3人 = さんにん (san'nin) = 3 person
4人 = よにん (yonin) = 4 person
5人 = ぎにん (gonin) = 5 person
6人 = ろくにん (rokunin) = 6 person
7人 = しちにん (shichinin) = 7 person
8人 = はちにん (hachinin) = 8 person
9人 = きゅうにん (kyūnin) = 9 person
10人 = じゅうにん (jūnin) = 10 person
#counting #people
=====================

Family - 家族 (kazoku)
Father - 父 (chichi), お父さん (otōsan)
Mother - 母 (haha), お母さん (okāsan)
Grandfather - おじいさん (ojīsan)
Grandmother - おばあさん (obāsan)
Grandchild - 孫 (mago)
Big brother - 兄 (ani)
Big sister - 姉 (ane)
Little brother - 弟 (otōto)
Little sister - 妹 (imōto)
Siblings - 兄弟 (kyōdai)
Husband - 主人 (shujin)
Wife - 奥さん (okusan)
Child - 子供 (kodomo)
Son - 息子 (musuko)
Daughter - 娘 (musume)
Pet - ペット (petto)
Uncle - おじさん (ojisan)
Aunt - おばさん (obasan)
Cousin - いとこ (itoko)
Relative - 親戚 (shinseki)
==================

converting previous post to pdf
======================

adjective?

Japanese adjectives have 2 kinds, ending in な and い
we will discuss later...
#adjective

adjective na
元気 (genki) : fine (healthy)
親切 ( shinsetsu) : kind
勤勉 (kimben) : diligence
ばか (baka) : stupid
貧乏 (bimbō) : poor
必要 (hitsuyō) : necessary
大切 (taisetsu) : important
正直 (sjōjiki) : honesty
無礼 (burei) : rude, impolite
好き (suki) : like
利口 (rikō) : clever
上手 (jōzu) : skillfull
下手 (heta) : unskilled
きれい (kirei) : beautiful
丁寧 (teinei) : polite
幸せ (shiawase) : happy
にぎやか (nigiyaka) : bustling
静か (shizuka) : quiet
丈夫 (jōbu) : strong
きらい (kirai) : hate
ぞんざい (zonzai) : careless
#adjective