Forwarded from CSE Strategy and Guidance by AIR 27, Suryabhan Yadav
Sources and approach for paper 2 : Maths optional
1. Modern Algebra :
R Kumar book for both ring theory and group theory
You may make a note of all theorems asked in previous years and that are probable in coming years. Khanna and Bhambri can also be used to solve certain types of problems(here just make a note and no need to revisit this book again and again. Mind that modern algebra is one such zone wherein no one can guarantee what kind of question will appear in paper, however one must do their basic minimum effort to not regret just in case easier questions appear)
2. Real Analysis: already shared as part of paper 1.
3. Complex analysis : Krishna series would suffice here. Do all the topics mentioned in syllabus even if they sound fringe
4. Linear programming : by Bhupendra Singh. Many of PYQ seem very similar to this books solved questions.
5. Numerical analysis : Jain and ayenger( solve themes similar to PYQ): Use the above shared booklet. Focus on transcendental error, number of iterations required, error calculation in Lagrange formula or Simpson or any other.
For computer analysis part : One may get the last few pages of IMS notes and then just use that material.
6. PDE : MD Raisinghania and for heat and string problem, Advanced PDE book by same author is shared above. Kindly solve limited and PYQ problems. Also last few pages of IMS booklet have solved problems from this book, so just in case one cannot understand what to read and what to skip - do the section from IMS notes. However for advanced problems on polar cordinate or annular ring, Advance PDE is better. I have certain photos, I might share in coming days.
7. Mechanics and fluid : MDR is best for Fluid, Also if possible refer the additional material shared above.
For MOI , D alembert, Motion in 2D : Rigid dynamics book Of Krishna series is preferable ( also IMS notes has the similar book printed in long page format , so that is also okay) - Again here no need to solve all the problems, only PYQ, or conceptual but not too lengthy or questions asked in different state services exam like UPPCS and BPSC.
For lagrangian and Hamiltonian : Above shared notes are comprehensive. If still not comfortable, get the sectional course by Mathocrat or Aryabhat Ashram.
If any topic is not well clear, sectional/module wise courses are available with Aryabhat Ashram.
Evolve yourself before UPSC evolves, as UPSC goes on to focus fringe topics such as curve tracing, asymptote( asked in 2021 and 2022) etc
For test series : I would prefer
1. Mathocrat : Faster evaluation.
2. Aryabhat ashram : Faster evaluation but slightly difficult. However this is slightly tougher side and usually fringe questions are frequently asked making us disappointed. However one can still join.
3. IMS : It’s okay for practise, as one may get to know speed and accuracy. However timely evaluation is missing.
Any further queries would be address in this thread itself. If necessary I shall make telegram calls for candidates writing mains . Thank you.
All the best ✨
1. Modern Algebra :
R Kumar book for both ring theory and group theory
You may make a note of all theorems asked in previous years and that are probable in coming years. Khanna and Bhambri can also be used to solve certain types of problems(here just make a note and no need to revisit this book again and again. Mind that modern algebra is one such zone wherein no one can guarantee what kind of question will appear in paper, however one must do their basic minimum effort to not regret just in case easier questions appear)
2. Real Analysis: already shared as part of paper 1.
3. Complex analysis : Krishna series would suffice here. Do all the topics mentioned in syllabus even if they sound fringe
4. Linear programming : by Bhupendra Singh. Many of PYQ seem very similar to this books solved questions.
5. Numerical analysis : Jain and ayenger( solve themes similar to PYQ): Use the above shared booklet. Focus on transcendental error, number of iterations required, error calculation in Lagrange formula or Simpson or any other.
For computer analysis part : One may get the last few pages of IMS notes and then just use that material.
6. PDE : MD Raisinghania and for heat and string problem, Advanced PDE book by same author is shared above. Kindly solve limited and PYQ problems. Also last few pages of IMS booklet have solved problems from this book, so just in case one cannot understand what to read and what to skip - do the section from IMS notes. However for advanced problems on polar cordinate or annular ring, Advance PDE is better. I have certain photos, I might share in coming days.
7. Mechanics and fluid : MDR is best for Fluid, Also if possible refer the additional material shared above.
For MOI , D alembert, Motion in 2D : Rigid dynamics book Of Krishna series is preferable ( also IMS notes has the similar book printed in long page format , so that is also okay) - Again here no need to solve all the problems, only PYQ, or conceptual but not too lengthy or questions asked in different state services exam like UPPCS and BPSC.
For lagrangian and Hamiltonian : Above shared notes are comprehensive. If still not comfortable, get the sectional course by Mathocrat or Aryabhat Ashram.
If any topic is not well clear, sectional/module wise courses are available with Aryabhat Ashram.
Evolve yourself before UPSC evolves, as UPSC goes on to focus fringe topics such as curve tracing, asymptote( asked in 2021 and 2022) etc
For test series : I would prefer
1. Mathocrat : Faster evaluation.
2. Aryabhat ashram : Faster evaluation but slightly difficult. However this is slightly tougher side and usually fringe questions are frequently asked making us disappointed. However one can still join.
3. IMS : It’s okay for practise, as one may get to know speed and accuracy. However timely evaluation is missing.
Any further queries would be address in this thread itself. If necessary I shall make telegram calls for candidates writing mains . Thank you.
All the best ✨
Forwarded from CSE Strategy and Guidance by AIR 27, Suryabhan Yadav
Sources for maths optional
Paper 1 :
1. Linear Algebra : Schaum series book, solved PYQ from above shared material, googling of topics , doing all proof related questions of past 30 years, all questions from all test series( Which are of novel nature)
2. 3D geometry : PN Chatterjee( No book comes close to this and very rarely problems have come out of this book), All PYQ self solved and practised well
3. Calculus : To be read with Real analysis : Shaanti Narayan, Mathematical Analysis by Malick and Arora, Krishna series selected topics from differential and Integral calculus
4. ODE : MD raisinghania
5. Vector calculus : Krishna series for basic, curves in space from JP publication(shared above), typical problems of greens theorem done by googling additional problems on greens theorem verification or stokes theorem verification etc and then used to make notes out of it. I have lost this material now. Further for conversion of coordinate, here again schaum series book is useful and may also google about the process of conversion of coordinates( much expected topic in coming years)
- Try writing the problems and solutions and use it as value addition material.
6. Statics and Dynamics : Do all the relevant topics mentioned in syllabus from Krishna series. Repeated revision and practise is required here. Don’t solve all the problems here - solve only important problems that you find or asked in previous years and they must not seem to be very difficult and lengthy.
Any specific doubt regarding above sources including sharing of materials would be resolved in this thread itself.
Paper 1 :
1. Linear Algebra : Schaum series book, solved PYQ from above shared material, googling of topics , doing all proof related questions of past 30 years, all questions from all test series( Which are of novel nature)
2. 3D geometry : PN Chatterjee( No book comes close to this and very rarely problems have come out of this book), All PYQ self solved and practised well
3. Calculus : To be read with Real analysis : Shaanti Narayan, Mathematical Analysis by Malick and Arora, Krishna series selected topics from differential and Integral calculus
4. ODE : MD raisinghania
5. Vector calculus : Krishna series for basic, curves in space from JP publication(shared above), typical problems of greens theorem done by googling additional problems on greens theorem verification or stokes theorem verification etc and then used to make notes out of it. I have lost this material now. Further for conversion of coordinate, here again schaum series book is useful and may also google about the process of conversion of coordinates( much expected topic in coming years)
- Try writing the problems and solutions and use it as value addition material.
6. Statics and Dynamics : Do all the relevant topics mentioned in syllabus from Krishna series. Repeated revision and practise is required here. Don’t solve all the problems here - solve only important problems that you find or asked in previous years and they must not seem to be very difficult and lengthy.
Any specific doubt regarding above sources including sharing of materials would be resolved in this thread itself.
Forwarded from UPSC NCERT BOOKS PDF
NCERT-Class-11-History.pdf
4.6 MB
Forwarded from UPSC NCERT BOOKS PDF
NCERT-Class-12-History-Part-1.pdf
6.1 MB
🔆Ethical issues associated with rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
✅Bias: AI can perpetuate societal biases.
Example : Recruiting algorithms disadvantaging women applicants.
✅ Transparency: AI decision-making can be opaque.
Example : Deep learning algorithm for loan approval not explaining reasoning.
✅ Privacy: AI needs huge data, risking violations.
Example : Facial recognition used on mass CCTV networks without consent.
✅ Accountability: Unclear who is liable for AI harm.
Example : Self-driving car accidents causing deaths.
✅ Job loss: AI automation could disrupt jobs.
Example : Goldman Sachs starting mass replacement of analysts by AI.
✅ Autonomous weapons: AI selecting and engaging targets raises concerns.
Example : US blocking UN treaty on lethal autonomous weapons.
✅ Human values: AI could lack human ethical reasoning.
Example : Care robots lacking empathy when assisting elderly.
✅ Existential risk: Speculative threat of superintelligent AI escaping control.
Example : Warnings from thought leaders like Elon Musk.
✅ Fairness: AI can have discriminatory impacts.
Example : Algorithm downgrading teachers from minority schools.
✅Bias: AI can perpetuate societal biases.
Example : Recruiting algorithms disadvantaging women applicants.
✅ Transparency: AI decision-making can be opaque.
Example : Deep learning algorithm for loan approval not explaining reasoning.
✅ Privacy: AI needs huge data, risking violations.
Example : Facial recognition used on mass CCTV networks without consent.
✅ Accountability: Unclear who is liable for AI harm.
Example : Self-driving car accidents causing deaths.
✅ Job loss: AI automation could disrupt jobs.
Example : Goldman Sachs starting mass replacement of analysts by AI.
✅ Autonomous weapons: AI selecting and engaging targets raises concerns.
Example : US blocking UN treaty on lethal autonomous weapons.
✅ Human values: AI could lack human ethical reasoning.
Example : Care robots lacking empathy when assisting elderly.
✅ Existential risk: Speculative threat of superintelligent AI escaping control.
Example : Warnings from thought leaders like Elon Musk.
✅ Fairness: AI can have discriminatory impacts.
Example : Algorithm downgrading teachers from minority schools.
Golconda Fort
●It is a fortified citadel and an early capital city of the Qutb Shahi dynasty (c. 1512–1687), located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
●Because of the vicinity of diamond mines, especially Kollur Mine, Golconda flourished as a trade centre of large diamonds, known as the Golconda Diamonds.
●The region has produced some of the world's most famous diamonds, including Koh-i-Noor.
●It is a fortified citadel and an early capital city of the Qutb Shahi dynasty (c. 1512–1687), located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
●Because of the vicinity of diamond mines, especially Kollur Mine, Golconda flourished as a trade centre of large diamonds, known as the Golconda Diamonds.
●The region has produced some of the world's most famous diamonds, including Koh-i-Noor.
For those who missed the Mains exam:
1) Think about reasons- If you can't find reason, it is impossible to solve this. There are always reasons. But we don't recognize that.
2) Optional—If this is the cause, consider changing it. The time to make a decision is now.
3) Work on the essay and the ethics paper if you believe there is room for improvement. It is really challenging to work on these papers after prelims.
4) Practice - You should practise if you had trouble finishing your papers for the final exam or if the quality of your writing was unsatisfactory. Write every day.
1) Think about reasons- If you can't find reason, it is impossible to solve this. There are always reasons. But we don't recognize that.
2) Optional—If this is the cause, consider changing it. The time to make a decision is now.
3) Work on the essay and the ethics paper if you believe there is room for improvement. It is really challenging to work on these papers after prelims.
4) Practice - You should practise if you had trouble finishing your papers for the final exam or if the quality of your writing was unsatisfactory. Write every day.