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We have some few subfields remaining

About 3

The next subfield will be Natural Language Processing.

As usual it will be posted in sections over the next few days to ensure everyone understands.

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We'll begin with the first section of NLP tomorrow at around 4PM (IST)

Let's begin with NLP

Natural Language Processing Tutorial: What is NLP? Examples

What is Natural Language Processing?

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of AI that helps computers to understand, interpret and manipulate human languages like English or Hindi to analyze and derive it’s meaning. NLP helps developers to organize and structure knowledge to perform tasks like translation, summarization, named entity recognition, relationship extraction, speech recognition, topic segmentation, etc.

History of NLP

Here, is are important events in the history of Natural Language Processing:

1950- NLP started when Alan Turing published an article called “Machine and Intelligence.”

1950- Attempts to automate translation between Russian and English

1960- The work of Chomsky and others on formal language theory and generative syntax

1990- Probabilistic and data-driven models had become quite standard

2000- A Large amount of spoken and textual data become available

Next in this NLP tutorial, we will learn How NLP works.

How Does NLP Work?

Before we learn how NLP works, let’s understand how humans use language-

Every day, we say thousand of a word that other people interpret to do countless things. We, consider it as a simple communication, but we all know that words run much deeper than that. There is always some context that we derive from what we say and how we say it., NLP in Artificial Intelligence never focuses on voice modulation; it does draw on contextual patterns.

Example:

Man is to woman as king is to __________?
Meaning (king) – meaning (man) + meaning ( woman)=?
The answer is-  queen

​Here, we can easily co-relate because man is male gender and woman is female gender. In the same way, the king is masculine gender, and its female gender is queen.

​The answer is we learn this thinks through experience. However, here the main question is that how computer know about the same?

We need to provide enough data for Machines to learn through experience. We can feed details like

Her Majesty the Queen.
The Queen’s speech during the State visit
The crown of Queen Elizabeth
The Queens’s Mother
The queen is generous.

With above examples the machine understands the entity Queen.

The machine creates word vectors as below. A word vector is built using surrounding words.

The machine creates these vectors

As it learns from multiple datasets
Use Machine learning (e.g., Deep Learning algorithms)
A word vector is built using surrounding words.

Here is the formula:

Meaning (king) – meaning (man) + meaning (woman)=?

This amounts to performing simple algebraic operations on word vectors:

Vector ( king) – vector (man) + vector (woman)= vector(?)

To which the machine answers queen.

Next in this Natural language processing tutorial, we will learn about Components of NLP some other time.

First section simple enough ? 🤔

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