Array Methods in JavaScript

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JavaScript Interview Questions part 2

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6 API Architectural designs You Must Know

1. REST 🌐
Representational State Transfer - REST is like a classic library where you request specific books and receive them as they are. It's simple and widely used for web APIs, like ordering a la carte from a menu 🍽️.

2. GraphQL 🚀
GraphQL is like a customizable buffet 🍴 where you ask for exactly what you want and get a tailored plate. It allows clients to request only the data they need, reducing over-fetching.

3. SOAP 🧼
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is like sending a letter 💌 with detailed instructions, complete with a table of contents. It's more structured but can be heavier than REST or GraphQL.

4. gRPC 🚄:
gRPC is like a high-speed train 🚄 for communication between services. It uses Protocol Buffers for efficient data exchange and supports streaming and bidirectional communication.

5. WebSockets 🌐💬
WebSockets are like real-time phone calls ☎️ for the web. They enable two-way communication, perfect for chat apps and live updates.

6. MQTT 📡
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is like a radio broadcast 📻, designed for low-bandwidth, high-latency, or unreliable networks. Ideal for IoT devices and sensor data.

Excel Shortcuts

1. Ctrl + N: To create a new workbook.
2. Ctrl + O: To open a saved workbook.
3. Ctrl + S: To save a workbook.
4. Ctrl + A: To select all the contents in a workbook.
5. Ctrl + B: To turn highlighted cells bold.
6. Ctrl + C: To copy cells that are highlighted.
7. Ctrl + D: To fill the selected cell with the content of the cell right above.
8. Ctrl + F: To search for anything in a workbook.
9. Ctrl + G: To jump to a certain area with a single command.
10. Ctrl + H: To find and replace cell contents.
11. Ctrl + I: To italicise cell contents.
12. Ctrl + K: To insert a hyperlink in a cell.
13. Ctrl + L: To open the create table dialog box.
14. Ctrl + P: To print a workbook.
15. Ctrl + R: To fill the selected cell with the content of the cell on the left.
16. Ctrl + U: To underline highlighted cells.
17. Ctrl + V: To paste anything that was copied.
18. Ctrl + W: To close your current workbook.
19. Ctrl + Z: To undo the last action.
20. Ctrl + 1: To format the cell contents.
21. Ctrl + 5: To put a strikethrough in a cell.
22. Ctrl + 8: To show the outline symbols.
23. Ctrl + 9: To hide a row.
24. Ctrl + 0: To hide a column.
25. Ctrl + Shift + :: To enter the current time in a cell.
26. Ctrl + ;: To enter the current date in a cell.
27. Ctrl + `: To change the view from displaying cell values to formulas.
28. Ctrl + ‘: To copy the formula from the cell above.
29. Ctrl + -: To delete columns or rows.
30. Ctrl + Shift + =: To insert columns and rows.
31. Ctrl + Shift + ~: To switch between displaying Excel formulas or their values in cell.
32. Ctrl + Shift + @: To apply time formatting.
33. Ctrl + Shift + !: To apply comma formatting.
34. Ctrl + Shift + $: To apply currency formatting.
35. Ctrl + Shift + #: To apply date formatting.
36. Ctrl + Shift + %: To apply percentage formatting.
37. Ctrl + Shift + &: To place borders around the selected cells.
38. Ctrl + Shift + _: To remove a border.
39. Ctrl + -: To delete a selected row or column.
40. Ctrl + Spacebar: To select an entire column.
41. Ctrl + Shift + Spacebar: To select an entire workbook.
42. Ctrl + Home: To redirect to cell A1.
43. Ctrl + Shift + Tab: To switch to the previous workbook.
44. Ctrl + Shift + F: To open the fonts menu under format cells.
45. Ctrl + Shift + O: To select the cells containing comments.
46. Ctrl + Drag: To drag and copy a cell or to a duplicate worksheet.
47. Ctrl + Shift + Drag: To drag and insert copy.
48. Ctrl + Up arrow: To go to the top most cell in a current column.
49. Ctrl + Down arrow: To jump to the last cell in a current column.
50. Ctrl + Right arrow: To go to the last cell in a selected row.
51. Ctrl + Left arrow: To jump back to the first cell in a selected row.
52. Ctrl + End: To go to the last cell in a workbook.
53. Alt + Page down: To move the screen towards the right.
54. Alt + Page Up: To move the screen towards the left.
55. Ctrl + F2: To open the print preview window.
56. Ctrl + F1: To expand or collapse the ribbon.
57. Alt: To open the access keys.
58. Tab: Move to the next cell.
59. Alt + F + T: To open the options.
60. Alt + Down arrow: To activate filters for cells.
61. F2: To edit a cell.
62. F3: To paste a cell name if the cells have been named.
63. Shift + F2: To add or edit a cell comment.
64. Alt + H + H: To select a fill colour.
65. Alt + H + B: To add a border.
66. Ctrl + 9: To hide the selected rows.
67. Ctrl + 0: To hide the selected columns.
68. Esc: To cancel an entry.
69. Enter: To complete the entry in a cell and move to the next one.
70. Shift + Right arrow: To extend the cell selection to the right.
71. Shift + Left arrow: To extend the cell selection to the left.
72. Shift + Space: To select the entire row.
73. Page up/ down: To move the screen up or down.
74. Alt + H: To go to the Home tab in Ribbon.
75. Alt + N: To go to the Insert tab in Ribbon.

76. Alt + P: To go to the Page Layout tab in Ribbon.
77. Alt + M: To go to the Formulas tab in Ribbon.
78. Alt + A: To go to the Data tab in Ribbon.
79. Alt + R: To go to the Review tab in Ribbon.
80. Alt + W: To go to the View tab in Ribbon.
81. Alt + Y: To open the Help tab in Ribbon.
82. Alt + Q: To quickly jump to search.
83. Alt + Enter: To start a new line in a current cell.
84. Shift + F3: To open the Insert function dialog box.
85. F9: To calculate workbooks.
86. Shift + F9: To calculate an active workbook.
87. Ctrl + Alt + F9: To force calculate all workbooks.
88. Ctrl + F3: To open the name manager.
89. Ctrl + Shift + F3: To create names from values in rows and columns.
90. Ctrl + Alt + +: To zoom in inside a workbook.
91. Ctrl + Alt +: To zoom out inside a workbook.
92. Alt + 1: To turn on Autosave.
93. Alt + 2: To save a workbook.
94. Alt + F + E: To export your workbook.
95. Alt + F + Z: To share your workbook.
96. Alt + F + C: To close and save your workbook.
97. Alt or F11: To turn key tips on or off.
98. Alt + Y + W: To know what's new in Microsoft Excel.
99. F1: To open Microsoft Excel help.
100. Ctrl + F4: To close Microsoft Excel.

1. Screenr.com: This website helps you Record movies on your computer and send them straight to YouTube.

2. Bounceapp.com: For capturing full length screenshots of a web pages.

3. Goo.gl: Shorten long URLs and convert URLs into QR codes.

4. untiny.me: Find the original URLs that's hiding behind a short URLs.

5. localti.me: Know more than just the local time of a city

6. copypastecharacter.com: Copy-paste special characters that are not on your keyboard.

7. topsy.com: A better search engine for twitter.

8. fb.me/AppStore: Search iOS apps without launching iTunes.

9. iconfinder.com: The best place to find icons of all sizes.

10. office.com: Download templates, clipart and images for your Office documents.

11. woorank.com: everything you wanted to know about a website.

12. virustotal.com: Scan any suspicious file or email attachment for viruses.

13. wolframalpha.com: Gets answers directly without searching .

14. printwhatyoulike.com: Print web pages without the clutter.

15. joliprint.com: Reformats news articles and blog content as a newspaper.

16. isnsfw.com: When you wish to share a NSFW page but with a warning.

17. eggtimer.com: A simple online timer for your daily needs.

18. coralcdn.org: If a site is down due to heavy traffic, try accessing it through coral CDN.

19. random.org: Pick random numbers, flip coins, and more.

20. mywot.com: Check the trust level of any website .

21. viewer.zoho.com: Preview PDFs and Presentations directly in the browser.

22. tubemogul.com: Simultaneously upload videos to YouTube and other video sites.

23. truveo.com: The best place for searching web videos.

24. scr.im: Share your email address online without worrying about spam.

25. spypig.com: Now get read receipts for your email.

26. sizeasy.com: Visualize and compare the size of any product.

27. whatfontis.com: quickly determine the font name from an image.

28. fontsquirrel.com: A good collection of fonts free for personal and commercial use.

29. regex.info: Find data hidden in your photographs .

30. tineye.com: This is like an online version of Google Googles.

31. iwantmyname.com: Helps you search domains across allTLDs.

32. tabbloid.com: Your favorite blogs delivered as PDFs.

33. join.me: Share your screen with anyone over the web.

34. onlineocr.net: Recognize text from scanned PDFs and images “ see other OCR tools.

35. flightstats.com: Track flight status at airports worldwide.

36. wetransfer.com: For sharing really big files online.

37. pastebin.com: A temporary online clipboard for your text and code snippets.

38. polishmywriting.com: Check your writing for spelling or grammatical errors.

39. awesomehighlighter.com: Easily highlight the important parts of a web page.

40. typewith.me: Work on the same document with multiple people.

41. whichdateworks.com: Planning an event? Find a date that works for all.

42. everytimezone.com: A less confusing view of the world time zones.

43. warrick.cs.odu.edu: You'll need this when your bookmarked web pages are deleted.

44. gtmetrix.com: The perfect tool for measuring your site performance online.

45. imo.im: Chat with your buddies on Skype,Facebook, GoogleTalk, etc from one place.

46. translate.google.com: Translate web pages,PDFs and Office documents.

47. youtube.com/leanback: Sit back and enjoy YouTube videos in full-screen mode.

48. similarsites.com: Discover new sites that are similar to what you like already.

49. wordle.net: Quick summarize long pieces of text with tag clouds.

50. bubbl.us: Create mind-maps, brainstorm ideas in the browser.

51. kuler.adobe.com: Get color ideas, also extract colors from photographs.

52. followupthen.com: Setup quick reminders via email itself.

53. lmgtfy.com: When your friends are too lazy to use Google on their own.

54. tempalias.com: Generate temporary emailaliases, better than disposable email.

Both aren't same. Here is the difference between, Nextjs and Reactjs

React:
- JS library for building user interfaces.
- Focuses on the client-side (browser).
- No built-in server-side rendering/routing.

Next.js:
- React framework for web applications.
- Supports server-side rendering and static site generation.
- Built-in routing system.

6 Database Types You Must Know

1. Relational Database 💼
- Data Model: Organizes data into tables with rows and columns.
- Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server.
- Key Features: ACID compliance, strong data consistency, structured data storage, support for SQL queries, well-suited for complex transactions and reporting.

2. Document Database 📄
- Data Model: Stores data in semi-structured or JSON-like documents.
- Examples: MongoDB, CouchDB, Firebase Firestore.
- Key Features: Flexible schema, horizontal scalability, support for semi-structured data, well-suited for content management systems and real-time applications.

3. In-Memory Database 🚀
- Data Model: Stores data entirely in the system's main memory (RAM).
- Examples: Redis, Memcached, Apache Ignite.
- Key Features: Ultra-fast data retrieval, low-latency, suitable for caching, session management, and real-time analytics.

4. Graph Database 🌐
- Data Model: Represents data as nodes and edges to model relationships.
- Examples: Neo4j, Amazon Neptune, ArangoDB.
- Key Features: Efficient querying of complex relationships, graph traversal, suitable for social networks, recommendation systems, and fraud detection.

5. Time-Series Database 📈
- Data Model: Optimized for time-ordered data points, like sensor readings or log files.
- Examples: InfluxDB, Prometheus, TimescaleDB.
- Key Features: Efficient storage and retrieval of time-series data, aggregations, retention policies, ideal for monitoring, IoT, and event data.

6. Spatial Database 🌍
- Data Model: Designed for storing and querying spatial or geographic data.
- Examples: PostGIS (extension for PostgreSQL), MongoDB Geospatial, Microsoft SQL Server Spatial.
- Key Features: Geospatial indexing, support for spatial data types (points, polygons, lines), useful for location-based services, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and map applications.

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