const config = {
  timeout: 0,
  retries: null,
  host: "",
  port: undefined,
  debug: false,
};

const timeout = config.timeout ?? 3000;
const retries = config.retries ?? 5;
const host = config.host ?? "localhost";
const port = config.port ?? 8080;
const debug = config.debug ?? true;

console.log(timeout, retries, host, port, debug);

"use strict";

function createCounter() {
  let count = 0;

  return {
    increment() { count++; },
    get value() { return count; },
    toString() { return `Counter: ${count}`; }
  };
}

const counter = createCounter();
counter.increment();
counter.increment();
counter.increment();

try {
  counter.value = 99;
} catch (e) {
  console.log(`${e.constructor.name}: ${counter}`);
}

function Animal(name) {
  this.name = name;
}

Animal.prototype.speak = function () {
  return `${this.name} makes a sound.`;
};

function Dog(name, breed) {
  Animal.call(this, name);
  this.breed = breed;
}

Dog.prototype = Object.create(Animal.prototype);
Dog.prototype.constructor = Dog;

Dog.prototype.speak = function () {
  return `${this.name} barks!`;
};

const dog = new Dog("Rex", "Labrador");

console.log(dog.speak());
console.log(dog instanceof Dog);
console.log(dog instanceof Animal);
console.log(Object.getPrototypeOf(dog) === Animal.prototype);

const person = {
  name: "Marcus",
  greet: function () {
    const inner = () => `Hello, I am ${this.name}`;
    return inner();
  },
  greetArrow: () => {
    return `Hello, I am ${this.name}`;
  },
};

const detached = person.greet;

console.log(person.greet());
console.log(person.greetArrow());
console.log(detached?.());

const transactions = [
  { type: "credit", amount: 200, category: "salary" },
  { type: "debit",  amount: 50,  category: "food" },
  { type: "debit",  amount: 30,  category: "food" },
  { type: "credit", amount: 100, category: "bonus" },
  { type: "debit",  amount: 70,  category: "transport" },
];

const summary = transactions.reduce((acc, { type, amount, category }) => {
  acc.balance += type === "credit" ? amount : -amount;
  acc.byCategory[category] = (acc.byCategory[category] ?? 0) + amount;
  acc.count[type] = (acc.count[type] ?? 0) + 1;
  return acc;
}, { balance: 0, byCategory: {}, count: {} });

console.log(summary.balance);
console.log(JSON.stringify(summary.byCategory));
console.log(JSON.stringify(summary.count));

class Pipeline {
  #value;
  #log = [];

  constructor(value) {
    this.#value = value;
  }

  map(fn) {
    this.#value = fn(this.#value);
    this.#log.push(`map:${this.#value}`);
    return this;
  }

  filter(fn) {
    if (Array.isArray(this.#value)) {
      this.#value = this.#value.filter(fn);
      this.#log.push(`filter:${this.#value}`);
    }
    return this;
  }

  reduce(fn, init) {
    this.#value = this.#value.reduce(fn, init);
    this.#log.push(`reduce:${this.#value}`);
    return this;
  }

  result() {
    console.log(this.#log.join(' | '));
    return this.#value;
  }
}

const output = new Pipeline([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
  .filter(x => x % 2 === 0)
  .map(arr => arr.map(x => x ** 2))
  .reduce((acc, x) => acc + x, 0)
  .result();

console.log(output);

const memoize = (fn) => {
  const cache = new Map();
  return (...args) => {
    const key = JSON.stringify(args);
    if (cache.has(key)) {
      return cache.get(key);
    }
    const result = fn(...args);
    cache.set(key, result);
    return result;
  };
};

let callCount = 0;

const expensiveMultiply = memoize((a, b) => {
  callCount++;
  return a * b;
});

console.log(expensiveMultiply(4, 5));
console.log(expensiveMultiply(4, 5));
console.log(expensiveMultiply(3, 7));
console.log(expensiveMultiply(4, 5));
console.log(`calls: ${callCount}`);