const obj = {
  value: 42,
  getValue() { return this?.value; },
  getValueArrow: () => this?.value
};
const { getValue, getValueArrow } = obj;
console.log(obj.getValue(), getValue(), obj.getValueArrow(), getValueArrow());

class Base {
  value = 10;
  getValue = () => this.value;
  constructor() {
    this.value = 20;
  }
}

class Derived extends Base {
  value = 30;
}

const d = new Derived();
console.log(d.getValue(), d.value);

let order = [];
function a() {
  try {
    return 'try';
  } finally {
    order.push('a-finally');
    return 'a-final-return';
  }
}
function b() {
  try {
    throw new Error('x');
  } catch (e) {
    order.push('b-catch');
    return 'b-catch-return';
  } finally {
    order.push('b-finally');
  }
}
console.log(a(), b(), order.join(','));

const order = [];
order.push('start');
setTimeout(() => { order.push('timeout'); console.log(order.join(',')); }, 0);
Promise.resolve().then(() => order.push('promise1'));
async function foo() {
  order.push('foo start');
  await null;
  order.push('foo end');
}
foo();
Promise.resolve().then(() => order.push('promise2'));
order.push('end');

const message = 'a😀bc';
const codePoints = [...message];
const combined = {
  raw: message.length,
  points: codePoints.length,
  second: codePoints[1]
};
console.log(combined.raw, combined.points, combined.second);

class Counter {
  #count = 0;
  static #instances = 0;
  constructor() { Counter.#instances++; }
  #increment() { this.#count++; }
  incrementAndGet() {
    this.#increment();
    return this.#count;
  }
  static get total() { return Counter.#instances; }
}

class SpecialCounter extends Counter {
  incrementAndGet() {
    return super.incrementAndGet() * 2;
  }
}

const c1 = new Counter();
const c2 = new SpecialCounter();
console.log(`${c1.incrementAndGet()} ${c2.incrementAndGet()} ${Counter.total}`);