⚡ Methods in Java (Functions) ⭐

Now you’ve reached a very important concept — Methods.

This is where your code becomes clean, reusable, and interview-ready.

✅ 1️⃣ What is a Method?

👉 A method is a block of code that performs a task.

Instead of writing the same code again and again → you reuse it.

🔹 Example Without Method:

System.out.println("Hello");
System.out.println("Hello");
System.out.println("Hello");

🔹 With Method:

void sayHello() {
System.out.println("Hello");
}
👉 Now you can call it multiple times.

✅ 2️⃣ Method Syntax

returnType methodName(parameters) {
// code
}

Example:
void greet() {
System.out.println("Hello Java");
}

✅ 3️⃣ Calling a Method

class Test {
static void greet() {
System.out.println("Hello");
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
greet(); // method call
}
}

🔹 4️⃣ Types of Methods

1️⃣ Without parameters, no return
2️⃣ With parameters
3️⃣ With return value
4️⃣ With parameters + return

⭐ 1. No Parameters, No Return

static void show() {
System.out.println("Java");
}

⭐ 2. With Parameters

static void add(int a, int b) {
System.out.println(a + b);
}
Call:
add(5, 3);

⭐ 3. With Return Value

static int square(int x) {
return x x;
}
Call:
int result = square(4);

⭐ 4. Parameters + Return

static int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

🔹 5️⃣ Method Overloading (Important ⭐)

👉 Same method name, different parameters

Example:
static int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

static double add(double a, double b) {
return a + b;
}

👉 Java decides method based on arguments

🔹 6️⃣ Recursion (Interview Favorite ⭐)

👉 Method calling itself

Example:

static void printNumbers(int n) {
if (n == 0) return;

System.out.println(n);
printNumbers(n - 1);
}
Call:
printNumbers(5);

Output:
5
4
3
2
1

🔥 7️⃣ Important Keywords

- return: sends value back
- void: no return value
- static: no object needed
- parameters: input values

🔥 Example Program
class MethodDemo {

static int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

int result = add(10, 5);
System.out.println(result);

}
}

⭐ Common Interview Questions
- What is a method?
- Difference between function and method?
- What is method overloading?
- What is recursion?
- Difference between void and return?

🔥 Quick Revision

- Method → reusable code
- Parameters → input
- Return → output
- Overloading → same name, different args
- Recursion → method calls itself

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