سلام خدمت شما دوستان عزیز....ما دو کانال آموزشی داریم که دراولین کانالمون زبان عمومی تدریس میکنیم که با ضربه زدن به لینک پایین یا تگ زیرمیتونید وارد کانال زبان عمومی ما بشین
@lovely_english


https://telegram.me/joinchat/Bm3qyz4nqMq4CpPu4e4DcA


اما کانال دوم ما که اختصاص به تدریس آیلتس داره باضربه به تگ زیریا لینک پایین میتونین وارد کانال دوم ما بشین
@ieltslearner


مارو به دوستان خوبتون معرفی کنید و مطالب هردو کانال رو فورواردکنید.
@ieltslearner

https://telegram.me/joinchat/Bm3qyz-r_p0KbIAUJjD4vA

آیلتس چیست؟؟؟؟؟

نمره بندی این آزمون از ۰ تا ۹ سطح را شامل می‌شود که نمرهٔ قبولی برای آزمون وجود ندارد اما به طور معمول سطح ۵ نمرهٔ متوسط و ۶ به بالا خوب تلقی می‌شود. دانشگاه کمبریج، دانشگاه آکسفورد و دانشگاه هاروارد آیلتس باحداقل سطح ۷ را می‌پذیرند.

آزمون آیلتس از ۴ بخش شنیدار، خواندن، نوشتن و مکالمه تشکیل شده‌است. کل آزمون دارای دو گونه آکادمیک و عمومی است که گونهٔ آکادمیک مشکل تر بوده و همین آزمون است که برای ورود به دانشگاه‌ها مورد نیاز می‌باشد.

IELTS یا International English Language Testing System یک امتحان زبان انگلیسی است و از اعتباری بین‌المللی برخوردار می‌باشد. این امتحان معیاری است جهت سنجش دانش زبان انگلیسی اشخاصی که می‌خواهند در کشورهای انگلیسی زبان درس بخوانند، کار کنند و یا به آن کشورها مهاجرت نمایند. امتحان IELTS با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه کمبریج، کنسولگری انگلستان و سازمان IDP استرالیا برگزار می‌شود. این امتحان از بالاترین و معتبرترین استانداردهای بین‌المللی جهت سنجش سطح زبان انگلیسی داوطلبان پیروی می‌کند و چهار توانائی Writing،Reading،Listening و Speaking را مورد ارزیابی قرار می‌دهد. بسیاری از دانشگاهها در کشورهای مختلفی همچون کانادا، انگلستان، استرالیا، نیوزلند و آمریکا امتحان IELTS را به رسمیت می‌شناسند. همچنین جهت مهاجرت به کشورهای کانادا، استرالیا و نیوزلند، داشتن مدرک IELTS الزامی است. این امتحان در بیش از ۲۷۰ مرکز امتحانی واقع در ۱۱۰ کشور مختلف دنیا برگزار می‌گردد. شرکت کنندگان در امتحان IELTS به طیف وسیعی از سوالات بسیار ساده تا بسیار مشکل پاسخ می ‌دهند. نمرهٔ هر بخش از امتحان بین صفر تا ۹ می‌باشد. نمرهٔ کلی امتحان با معدل گیری از نمره چهار بخش امتحان محاسبه می‌گردد. در کارنامه IELTS، علاوه بر نمره کلی، نمره هر بخش بطور جداگانه ذکر می‌شود.

هر دانشگاه برای پذیرش متقاضیان حداقل نمره‌ای را مشخص می‌کند و اکثر آنها حداقل نمره کلی ۶٫۵ را می‌خواهند بطوریکه نمره هر بخش هم از ۶ کمتر نباشد (البته این قاعده کلی است و هر دانشگاه شرایط خاص خود را دارد). به عنوان مثالی دیگر، برای اینکه حداکثر امتیاز زبان انگلیسی را جهت مهاجرت به کانادا کسب نمایید، باید در هر چهار قسمت امتحان IELTS حداقل نمره ۷ بگیرید.

در روز امتحان ابتدا به سوالات Listening سپس به سوالات Reading و بعد به سوالات Writing پاسخ خواهید داد. تاریخ و ساعت برگزاری قسمت Speaking در روز امتحان به شرکت کنندگان اعلام می‌شود و معمولاً امتحان Speaking از عصر روز امتحان شروع شده و بمدت ۵ روز ادامه می‌یابد. داوطلبانی که از شهرهای دیگر به تهران می‌آیند، برای امتحان Speaking در اولویت هستند و باید در هنگام ثبت نام، اسم خود را در لیستی جداگانه به ثبت برسانند. تمامی مراحل کتبی امتحان باید با مداد نوشته شود و داوطلبان اجازه استفاده از خودنویس یا خودکار را در هیچ مرحله‌ای از امتحان کتبی ندارند.

نتایج امتحان IELTS دو هفته پس از پایان یافتن آزمون Speaking اعلام خواهد شد و کارنامه فقط به شخص امتحان دهنده داده می‌شود و از طریق تلفن، فکس و یا email قابل در یافت نیست.

تا ۵ کارنامه برای دانشگاهها و موسسات مورد در خواست شما بصورت رایگان توسط دفاتر برگزار کننده امتحان ارسال می‌گردد، بشرطی که از تار یخ امتحان شما یکماه نگذشته باشد. اگر بیشتر از یکماه از تاریخ امتحانتان سپری شود و یا بیشتر از ۵ کارنامه بخواهید برایتان ارسال بشود، به ازای هر کارنامه باید مبلغی را بپردازید. اکثر دانشگاهها کارنامه IELTS را که بیشتر از دو سال از تاریخ آن گذشته باشد، قبول ندارند.

به ما ملحق شوید👇
@ieltslearner

مراکز مجاز برگزاري آزمون IELTS در ايران

1395/01/21



سازمان سنجش تنها مرجع صادرکننده مجوز فعاليت جهت برگزاري آزمون هاي بين المللي در ايران مي باشد و فعاليت مراکزي که از اين سازمان مجوز اخذ نکرده اند فاقد اعتبار و غيرقانوني مي باشد. اسامی مراکزی که مجوز برگزاری آزمون IELTS را از این سازمان دریافت کرده اند به شرح زیر است. بدیهی است که مجوز سازمان صرفا جهت برگزاری آزمون آیلتس می باشد و فعالیت های دیگر این موسسات منوط به اخذ مجوز از مراجع ذیصلاح است.

آیلتس تهران:

پايگاه اطلاع رساني: http://www.ieltstehran.com
هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني: تهران، سعادت آباد، بلوار دريا، نرسيده به چهارراه مطهري، پلاک 163، طبقه سوم
شماره تماس: 88698827 و 88698828 (پيش شماره 021)

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی:

پايگاه اطلاع رساني: http://english.iau.ac.ir/ielts
هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني: تهران، خيابان حافظ، پايين تر از خيابان جمهوري، روبروي تالا بورس اوراق بهادار، ساختمان فرهيختگان، طبقه چهارم
شماره تماس: 66348856 و 66348862(پيش شماره 021)

موسسه آموزش عالي عصر دين و دانش:

پايگاه اطلاع رساني: http://www.ieltsadd.ir
هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني: تهران، خیابان ولی عصر ، ضلع شمالی پارک ساعی،کوچه ساعی یکم، بن بست دانش،موسسه آموزش عالی عصر دین و دانش
شماره تماس: 88644690 و 88644691(پيش شماره 021)

موسسه فرهنگي و هنري ايرسافام:

پايگاه اطلاع رساني: http://ielts.irsafam.com
هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني:تهران، خيابان دكتر شريعتي، بالاتر از پل صدر، انتهاي شهيد ميرزاپور(سهيل)، قلندري شمالي، بن بست ساناز، پلاك 3
شماره تماس: 22246710 الي  22246713 - (پيش شماره 021)

كالج زبان ماهان:

پايگاه اطلاع رساني: http://www.mahanielts.com
هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني: مشهد، خيابان هاشميه18، كوچه شهيد صارمي19، پلاك هاي 1 و 3
شماره تماس: 38812640 و 38812620 و 38812608 - (پيش شماره 051)

موسسه شكوه سمنان:

هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني: سمنان، بلوار جمهوري، خيابان شانزدهم، پلاك 583
شماره تماس: 33457731 و 33447322 - (پيش شماره 023)

موسسه شكوه تهران:

هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
نشاني: تهران - جنت آباد شمالي - نرسيده به اتوبان نيايش - ساختمان بانك سينا - پلاك 268 - طبقه سوم
شماره تماس: 44899277 - (پيش شماره 021)

موسسه آموزشي فرزانگان خوارزمي:

هزينه علي الحساب: 770 هزار تومان (از سال 2016 ميلادي)
 

توضیح:
قيمت قطعي هر آزمون توسط سازمان سنجش محاسبه و اعلام مي شود تا در صورت افزايش نسبت به مبلغ علي الحساب، داوطلبان مبلغ مابه التفاوت را به حساب مرکز مربوطه واريز کنند و چنانچه قيمت قطعي کمتر از قيمت علي الحساب باشد، مراکز مي بايست مابه التفاوت را به ذينفعان مسترد کنند. لذا تا زماني كه سازمان سنجش اطلاعيه اي در اين زمينه اعلام نكرده است هزينه آزمون، همان هزينه علي الحساب اعلام شده خواهد بود

روابط عمومی سازمان سنجش آموزش کشور
@ieltslearner

با سلام خدمت دوستان و عزیزان
از امروز به بعد هرروز چندین پست در مورد آموزش مهارت های IELTS خواهیم داشت که از مهارت Writing شروع خواهیم کرد.
مهارت writing دارای دو قسمت Task 1 و Task 2 میباشد که Task 1 در نوع General و Academic متفاوت میباشد. برای نوشتن یک writing خوب ابتدا میبایست از گرامر خوب استفاده کرد که از Verb Tense (زمان فعل)‌ شروع میکنیم.

@ieltslearner
Simple Present:

۱)‌ Repeated Action (کارهای تکراری)

I play tennis.
She does not play tennis.
Does he play tennis?
The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
The train does not leave at 9 AM.
When does the train usually leave?
She always forgets her purse.
He never forgets his wallet.
Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
Does the Sun circle the Earth?

۲) Facts or Generalizations:(حقایق یا کلیت بخشی)

Cats like milk.
Birds do not like milk.
Do pigs like milk?
California is in America.
California is not in the United Kingdom.
Windows are made of glass.
Windows are not made of wood.

@ieltslearner
۳) Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)


I am here now.
She is not here now.
He needs help right now.
He does not need help now.
He has his passport in his hand.
Do you have your passport with you?

۴) ADVERB PLACEMENT


You only speak English.
Do you only speak English?

۵) ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Once a week, Tom cleans the car. ==> Active
Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. ==> Passive

#grammar1
#writing
@ieltslearner

گرامربالا درمورد حال ساده میباشد.....👆👆که کاربرد آن با ذکرمثال توضیح داده شده است.

Simple Past:

@ieltslearner

You called Debbie.
Did you call Debbie?
You did not call Debbie.
@ieltslearner

1) Completed Action in the Past


I saw a movie yesterday.
I didn't see a play yesterday.
Last year, I traveled to Japan.
Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
Did you have dinner last night?
She washed her car.
He didn't wash his car.

2) A Series of Completed Actions


I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

@ieltslearner
3) Duration in past


I lived in Brazil for two years.
Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
They sat at the beach all day.
They did not stay at the party the entire time.
We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
A: How long did you wait for them?
B: We waited for one hour.

4) Habits in the past


I studied French when I was a child.
He played the violin.
He didn't play the piano.
Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
She worked at the movie theater after school.
They never went to school, they always skipped class.

5) Past Facts or Generalization


She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
He didn't like tomatoes before.
Did you live in Texas when you were a kid?
People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.

6) ADVERB PLACEMENT

You just called Debbie.
Did you just call Debbie?

7) ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Tom repaired the car. Active
The car was repaired by Tom. Passive

#grammar2
#writing
@ieltslearner

گرامربالا درمورد گذشته ساده میباشد.....👆👆که کاربرد آن با ذکرمثال توضیح داده شده است.

Simple Future:

@ieltslearner
You will help him later.
Will you help him later?
You will not help him later.


1) FORM Be Going To

[am/is/are + going to + verb]

You are going to meet Jane tonight.
Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
You are not going to meet Jane tonight.

2) "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action


I will send you the information when I get it.
I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
Will you help me move this heavy table?
Will you make dinner?
I will not do your homework for you.
I won't do all the housework myself!
A: I'm really hungry.
B: I'll make some sandwiches.
A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
B: I'll get you some coffee.
A: The phone is ringing.
B: I'll get it.
@ieltslearner

3) "Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises.


I will call you when I arrive.
If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance.
I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
Don't worry, I'll be careful.
I won't tell anyone your secret.


4) "Be going to" to Express a Plan


He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
Who are you going to invite to the party?
A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake?
B: Sue is going to make John's birthday cake.
@ieltslearner

5) "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction


The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.

John Smith will be the next President.
John Smith is going to be the next President.

The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.

6) ADVERB PLACEMENT

You will never help him.
Will you ever help him?

You are never going to meet Jane.
Are you ever going to meet Jane?



7) ACTIVE / PASSIVE

John will finish the work by 5:00 PM. Active
The work will be finished by 5:00 PM. Passive

Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. Active
A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight. Passive
#grammar3
#writing

@ieltslearner

گرامرفوق 👆👆درمورد آینده ساده هست.....کاربردهای willو be going to

Present Continuous/Progressive:
زمان حال استمراری:‌
در مورد اتفاق یا کاری صحبت میکند که در حال حاضر در حال انجام شدن میباشد.
@ieltslearner

FORM ===> [am/is/are + present participle]

1) Now

You are learning English now.
You are not swimming now.
Are you sleeping?
I am sitting.
I am not standing.
Is he sitting or standing?
They are reading their books.
They are not watching television.
What are you doing?
Why aren't you doing your homework?

2) Longer Actions in Progress Now

I am studying to become a doctor.
I am not studying to become a dentist.
I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
I am not reading any books right now.
Are you working on any special projects at work?
Aren't you teaching at the university now?

@ieltslearner

3) Near Future

I am meeting some friends after work.
I am not going to the party tonight.
Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
Isn't he coming with us tonight?

4) Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

She is always coming to class late.
He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
I don't like them because they are always complaining.


@ieltslearner

5) REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs


She is loving this chocolate ice cream. ===> Not Correct
She loves this chocolate ice cream. ===> Correct

6) ADVERB PLACEMENT


You are still watching TV.
Are you still watching TV?

@ieltslearner

7) ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Right now, Tom is writing the letter. ===> Active
Right now, the letter is being written by Tom. ===> Passive

#grammar4
#writing

@ieltslearner

Past Continuous/Progressive:
گذشته استمراری
FORM
[was/were + present participle]

@ieltslearner

1) Interrupted Action in the Past: کاری که در گذشته در حال انجام بوده ولی به یک دلیلی قطع شده است


I was watching TV when she called.
When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
B: I was snowboarding.

@ieltslearner

2) Specific Time as an Interruption


Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.


3) Parallel Actions


I was studying while he was making dinner.
While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
Were you listening while he was talking?
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
What were you doing while you were waiting?
Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

@ieltslearner

4) Atmosphere
When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.


5) Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

She was always coming to class late.
He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
I didn't like them because they were always complaining.

@ieltslearner

6) While vs. When

I was studying when she called.
While I was studying, she called.

7) REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

Jane was being at my house when you arrived. ===> Not Correct
Jane was at my house when you arrived. ===> Correct

8) ADVERB PLACEMENT


You were just studying when she called.
Were you just studying when she called?

@ieltslearner

9) ACTIVE / PASSIVE

The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store. Active
The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store. Passive



#grammar5
#writing

@ieltslearner

Future Continuous/Progressive:
آینده استمراری
کاری که درزمان آینده و دروقت معینی درحال انجام است.
FORM Future Continuous with "Will"

[will be + present participle]
@ieltslearner


1) Using "Will be"

You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Will you be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
You will not be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

FORM Future Continuous with "Be Going To "


You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Are you going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
You are not going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.


2) Interrupted Action in the Future


I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.
I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives.
I am going to be staying at the Madison Hotel, if anything happens and you need to contact me.
He will be studying at the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer when she arrives.

@ieltslearner

3) Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future



Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
At midnight tonight, we will still be driving through the desert.


4) Parallel Actions in the Future

I am going to be studying and he is going to be making dinner.
Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
While Ellen is reading, Tim will be watching television.
Notice "is reading" because of the time clause containing "while."


5) Atmosphere in the Future

When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others are going to be talking. A few people will be eating pizza, and several people are going to be drinking beer. They always do the same thing.

@ieltslearner

6) ADVERB PLACEMENT


You will still be waiting for her when her plane arrives.
Will you still be waiting for her when her plane arrives?

You are still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives.
Are you still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives?

@ieltslearner

7) ACTIVE / PASSIVE


At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes. ===> Active
At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John. ===> Passive

At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes. ===> Active
At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John. ===> Passive

#grammar6
#writing

@ieltslearner

#Mistakes with verbs1


❌Incorrect: He asked that what I was doing.

✅Correct: He asked what I was doing.

If a noun-clause begins with a wh-word, ‘that’ is omitted.

@ieltslearner

📚 لغات کلیدی نگارش آیلتس
(Key Words for IELTS )👇👇👇


💠Stating Your Opinion (بیان نظر)
🔹In my opinion,
🔹According to me,
🔹In my view,
🔹To me,
🔹From my point of view,
🔹I think
🔹It seems to me that
🔹I believe
🔹From my perspective
🔹To my way of thinking
🔹It appears that
🔹I suppose
🔹I realize
🔹I understand
🔹I imagine
🔹I feel

💠Giving Examples (مثال آوردن)
🔹For example,
🔹For instance,
🔹such as
🔹In other words,
🔹as
🔹like
🔹that is
🔹namely
🔹To illustrate
🔹To paraphrase

💠Comparing (مقایسه ، بیان شباهت ها)
🔹Similar to
🔹As…as
🔹in common
🔹also
🔹Either…or
🔹In the same way,
🔹Neither…nor
🔹At the same time
🔹Just as
🔹resemble

💠Contrasting (مقایسه ، بیان تفاوت ها)
🔹However,
🔹But
🔹On the contrary,
🔹On the other hand,
🔹Differ from
🔹Nevertheless
🔹Although
🔹Though
🔹Otherwise
🔹Instead
🔹Alternatively,
🔹Even though

💠Generalizing (جمع بندی)
🔹Generally,
🔹Generally speaking,
🔹Overall,
🔹On the whole,
🔹In general,
🔹By and large,
🔹It seems to me that
🔹I believe
🔹All in all,
🔹Basically,
🔹Essentially,
🔹As a rule,
🔹All things considered
🔹For the most part

💠Expressing Certainty (بیان قطعیت)
🔹Certainly,
🔹Undoubtedly,
🔹Doubtless,
🔹No doubt,
🔹Definitely,
🔹Of course,

💠Expressing Partial Agreement (بیان موافقت نسبی)
🔹More or less,
🔹To some extent,
🔹Up to a point,
🔹Almost,
🔹In a way,
🔹So to speak,

💠Showing cause (بیان علت)
🔹Due to
🔹Because
🔹Because of
🔹Owing to

💠Showing effect (بیان معلول)
🔹Therefore,
🔹As a result,
🔹Consequently,
🔹For this reason,
🔹Thus,
🔹So,
🔹thereby
🔹Eventually,
🔹Hence,
🔹The reason why


💠Marking time (طبقه بندی)
🔹First,
🔹Last
🔹Second,
🔹Lastly,
🔹Third,
🔹Then,
🔹Firstly,
🔹First of all,
🔹Secondly,
🔹Before
🔹Thirdly,
🔹After
🔹During
🔹While
🔹To begin with
🔹At the same time
🔹Simultaneously
🔹After this / that
🔹Since
🔹Meanwhile
🔹Afterwards
🔹Following this
🔹When
🔹As soon as

💠 Adding Information (اضافه کردن دلایل دیگر)
🔹Furthermore
🔹In addition
🔹Also
🔹And
🔹Moreover
🔹Similarly
🔹Likewise
🔹As well as
🔹Besides
🔹Too
🔹Even
🔹What’s more

💠 Expressing condition (جملات شرطی)
🔹If
🔹Whether
🔹In case
🔹Unless
🔹Provided that
🔹So that

💠 Concluding (نتیجه گیری)
🔹To summarize
🔹In conclusion
🔹Lastly,
🔹Finally,
🔹To conclude with,
🔹In short

@ieltslearner🌺

✅Present perfect

ماضی نقلی (حال کامل)

The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the verb have and the past participle of a verb:

حال کامل یا ماضی نقلی استمراری👇👇

The present perfect continuous is formed with have/has been and the -ing form of the verb:
Use

We use the present perfect tense:

@ieltslearner
1) for something that started in the past and continues in the present:

💥They’ve been married for nearly fifty years.
🔺She has lived in Liverpool all her life.

Note: We normally use the present perfect continuous for this:

🔹She has been living in Liverpool all her life.
🔸It’s been raining for hours.

2) for something we have done several times in the past and continue to do:

🔺I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
🔻He has written three books and he is working on another one.
🔸I’ve been watching that programme every week.

🔴We often use a clause with since to show when something started in the past:

🔹They’ve been staying with us since last week.
🔸I have worked here since I left school.
🔹I’ve been watching that programme every week since it started.

#grammar7
#writing
@ieltslearner

The Past Perfect Tense
گذشته کامل یا ماضی بعید

The past perfect tense is most often used for the following:

- For actions that happened before a past event
- In reported speech
- In if (conditional) sentences

When we want to talk about an action that happened before a past event, we often use the past perfect. Look at these examples:

When I got home yesterday, my father had already cooked dinner.
I didn't want to go to the movies with my friends because I had seen the film already.
My friend offered me an apple in class yesterday, but I wasn't hungry because I had just eaten lunch.
I arrived very late at the party. All my friends had already gone home.
As soon as she had done her homework, she went to bed.
I was very tired as I hadn't slept well for several days.
Had you seen the film before?

Notice how often words like already, just, never etc. are used with the past perfect.
#grammar8
#writing

@ieltslearner

Past perfect continuous
گذشته کامل استمرای یا ماضی بعید استمراری

The Past Perfect Continuous is used to talk about actions or situations that were in progress before some other actions or situations. There are also other uses.

1) Duration of a past action up to a certain point in the past
2) Showing cause of an action or situation
3)Third conditional sentences
4) Reported speech

Use 1: Duration of a Past Action

The main use of the Past Perfect Continuous is to express actions or situations that were in progress before some other actions or situations.

The boys had been quarreling for half an hour when we arrived home.
I had been dating Angelina for 3 years before we got married.

Use 2: Showing Cause

Use this tense to show cause of an action or situation in the past.

John was in a detention because he had been misbehaving.
The road was wet because it had been raining.
I had to go on a diet because I had been eating too much sugar.
Jessica got sunburnt because she had been lying in the sun too long.

Use 3: Third Conditional

Remember that this tense is also used in third conditional sentences.

If it hadn't been raining, we would have gone to the park.

Use 4: Reported Speech

This tense also appears in Reported speech.

She said she knew Charlie had been lying to her.
#grammar9
#writing
@ieltslearner

Future Perfect Continuous:
آینده کامل استمراری

@ieltslearner

1) FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Will"

You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.


2) FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Be Going To"

You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
Are you going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
You are not going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

3) Duration Before Something in the Future


They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it finally closes.
James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time he leaves for Asia.
How long will you have been studying when you graduate?
We are going to have been driving for over three days straight when we get to Anchorage.
A: When you finish your English course, will you have been living in New Zealand for over a year?
B: No, I will not have been living here that long.

4) Cause of Something in the Future

Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.
Claudia's English will be perfect when she returns to Germany because she is going to have been studying English in the United States for over two years.

5) REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

You won't get a promotion until you will have been working here as long as Tim. ===> Not Correct
You won't get a promotion until you have been working here as long as Tim. ===> Correct

6) AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs


Ned will have been having his driver's license for over two years. Not Correct
Ned will have had his driver's license for over two years. Correct

7) ADVERB PLACEMENT
@ieltslearner

You will only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
Will you only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?

You are only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
Are you only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?

8) ACTIVE / PASSIVE


The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. ===> Active
The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. ===> Passive

The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. ===> Active
The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. ===> Passive
#grammar10
#writing
@ieltslearner

If Conditional:
جملات شرطی

Conditional Sentence Type 1

→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future
Example1: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example2: I will send her an invitation if I find her address.

Example3: If John has the money, he will buy a Ferrari.

—----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

@ieltslearner
Conditional Sentence Type 2

Form: if + Simple Past, main clause with Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example1: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
Example2: I would send her an invitation if I found her address.
Example3: If John had the money, he would buy a Ferrari.

Notice: Were instead of Was
In IF Clauses Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.
Example: If I were you, I would not do this.
—----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conditional Sentence Type 3
Form: if + Past Perfect, main clause with Conditional II

Example1: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example2: I would have sent her an invitation if I had found her address.
Example3: If John had had the money, he would have bought a Ferrari.
#grammar11
#writing
@ieltslearner

Cohesive Devices

A variety of useful English Conjunctions exists, which complete this list of the most used Cohesive Devices. Together, they can help to express a cohesive view and easy understandable and readable texts.
Definition

@ieltslearner

Words that link two parts of a sentence are called conjunctions . The most common ones are 'and', 'or' and 'but'. There are three basic types of conjunctions:

coordinating conjunctions
used to connect two independent clauses
subordinating conjunctions
used to establish the relationship between the dependent clause and the rest of the sentence
correlative conjunctions
used to join various sentence elements which are grammatically equal

@ieltslearner
—-------------------------------------------------------
Coordinating Conjunctions

Comes usually in the middle of a sentence, and a comma is used before the conjunction (unless both clauses are very short). They join individual words, phrases, and independent clauses.
Whereas coordinating conjunctions join parts of a 'sentence', the purpose of transitional words and phrases usually is to join two 'sentences'.

And, but, for, nor, or, so, and yet — are the seven coordinating conjunctions. To remember them, the acronym FANBOYS can be used.

F = for

A = and

N = nor

B = but

O = or

Y = yet

S = so

@ieltslearner
—---------------------------------------------------------
Subordinating Conjunctions

Also called subordinators, introduce a dependent clause. These adverbs that act like conjunctions are placed at the front of the clause - and a comma is needed at the end of the adverbial phrase when it precedes the main clause.



Conjunctions Concession

though
although
even though
while
*************
Conjunctions Condition

if
only if
unless
until
provided that
assuming that
even if
in case (that)
lest

@ieltslearner

*************
Conjunctions Comparison

than
rather than
whether
as much as
whereas

@ieltslearner

*************
Conjunctions Time

after
as long as
as soon as
before
by the time
now that
once
since
till
until
when
whenever
while


@ieltslearner

*************
Conjunctions Reason

because
since
so that
in order (that)
why
*************
Relative Adjective

that
what
whatever
which
whichever

@ieltslearner


*************
Relative Pronoun

who
whoever
whom
whomever
whose

*************
Conjunctions Manner

how
as though
as if
*************
Conjunctions Place

where
wherever

@ieltslearner

—------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------—
Correlative Conjunctions

They are always used in pairs and denote equality; and show the relationship between ideas expressed in different parts of a sentence - and thus make the joining tighter and more emphatic. When joining singular and plural subjects, the subject closest to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural.



as . . . as
just as . . . so
both . . . and
hardly . . . when
scarcely . . . when
*************
either . . . or
neither . . . nor
*************
if . . . then
not . . . but
*************
what with . . . and
whether . . . or
not only . . . but also
no sooner . . . than
rather . . . than

@ieltslearner

—-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conjunctive Adverbs

They are often used as a linking device between ideas. They show logical relationships expressed in clauses, sentences or paragraphs.
Conjunctive adverbs are very emphatic, so they should be used sparingly.



Similar to And


also
besides
furthermore
likewise
moreover
*************
Similar to But

ENGLISH SPEAKING ADVANCED
RESOLUTIONS

Ten Expressions to Use In Speaking

1. I guess I’d better stop overspending..
2. I suppose I really ought to go to the gym
3. I really should diet, but then again…
4. There’s nothing for it. I’ll have to do it
5. I promise I’ll try harder to arrive early
6. I have every intention of passing the test
7. Never again will you catch me snoring..
8. Nothing is going to stop me finishing..
9. No matter what happens, I’m going to win..
10. Come hell or high water, I’ll pay it back

🤔How To Use These Phrases

👉Phrases 1 and 2 are really quite weak. The expressions ‘Iguess’ and ‘I suppose’ show the speaker’s unwillingness.

👉Phrase 3 sounds stronger at first but the second part ‘but then again’ could be introducing a different plan.

👉Phrase 4 suggests that the speaker must do this (no choice) but he / she doesn’t really like the idea.

👉In phrase 5, the speaker is only promising to try, which suggests the possibility that she / he might fail to do it.

👉Phrases 6 and 7 are much stronger resolutions. But with more marked intonation indicates that the speaker is less sure.

👉Phrases 8, 9 and 10 are very strong resolutions. They all show strong determination to complete the task.

👉Phrase 3 is often followed by sentences containing modals could, may, might

🌎 @ieltslearner 🌎