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Black Hat Ethical Hacking
Updated RapperBot malware targets game servers in DDoS attacks

Updated RapperBot malware targets game servers in DDoS attacksPost Views: 1 Premium Contenthttps://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Patreon.png Subscribe to Patreon to watch this episode.
Reading Time: 3 Minutes The Mirai-based botnet ‘RapperBot’ has re-emerged via a new campaign that infects IoT devices for DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks against game servers.The malware was discovered by Fortinet researchers last August when it used SSH brute-forcing to spread on Linux servers.

By tracing its activities, the researchers found that RapperBot has been operational since May 2021, but its exact goals were hard to decipher.
https://www.bleepstatic.com/images/news/u/1220909/Diagrams/campaigns.png
Lifting the lid on RapperBotFortinet analysts could sample the new variant using C2 communication artifacts collected in the previous campaigns, indicating that this aspect of the botnet’s operation has not changed.

The analysts noticed the new variant featured several differences, including support for Telnet brute-forcing, using the following commands:

* Register (used by the client)
* Keep-Alive/Do nothing
* Stop all DoS attacks and terminate the client
* Perform a DoS attack
* Stop all DoS attacks
* Restart Telnet brute forcing
* Stop Telnet brute forcing

The malware tries to brute force devices using common weak credentials from a hardcoded list, whereas previously, it fetched a list from the C2.

“To optimize brute forcing efforts, the malware compares the server prompt upon connection to a hardcoded list of strings to identify the possible device and then only tries the known credentials for that device,” explains Fortinet.

“Unlike less sophisticated IoT malware, this allows the malware to avoid trying to test a full list of credentials.”

After successfully finding credentials, it reports it to the C2 via port 5123 and then attempts to fetch and install the correct version of the primary payload binary for the detected device architecture.

Currently supported architectures are ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, SH4, and SPARC.
https://www.bleepstatic.com/images/news/u/1220909/Code%20and%20Details/wget.png
Likely the same operatorsFo[...]

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Hacking Articles Tips Tricks Videos Tutorials
Black Hat Ethical Hacking Updated RapperBot malware targets game servers in DDoS attacks Updated RapperBot malware targets game servers in DDoS attacksPost Views: 1 Premium Contenthttps://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Patreon.png…
rtinet believes all detected RapperBot campaigns are orchestrated by the same operators, as newer variants indicate access to the malware’s source code.

Moreover, the C2 communication protocol remains unchanged, the list of credentials used for brute forcing attempts has been the same since August 2021, and there have been no signs of campaign overlaps at this time.

To protect your IoT devices from botnet infections, keep the firmware up to date, change default credentials with a strong and unique password, and place them behind a firewall if possible.
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Pentesting CTFs
https://www.reddit.com/r/Pentesting/comments/yxnr7q/pentesting_ctfs/

All (Jeopardy) CTFs I have participated (Goole, Plaid, etc., etc...) in only had challenges that were based on implementation vulnerabilities. I.e. You get some code (or sometimes not) and you only have to read some flag on the server by exploiting the software without having to nmap etc. the machine and without any priv. escalation. Are there CTFs that provide challenges with all stages of a pentest i.e. Scanning a machine, Finding the vulnerable software and correct operating system, RCE, FIRST FLAG, priv. esc., SECOND FLAG... I failed to find anything but articles that explained the difference between "Real" Pentesting and CTFs... Edit: If possible I would like to avoid Attack-Defense CTFs as they seem really stressful to me. submitted by /u/Hellstorme (https://www.reddit.com/user/Hellstorme)
[link] (https://www.reddit.com/r/Pentesting/comments/yxnr7q/pentesting_ctfs/) [comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/Pentesting/comments/yxnr7q/pentesting_ctfs/)

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hacking: security in practice
Where to begin

Hello world, how are well hopefully doing well but I came here today to ask you lovely people on this subreddit where to begin my hacking career, I have a limited experience with Linux and networking and some programming here and there.

submitted by /u/Spread-Particular
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nuvola (with the lowercase n) is a tool to dump and perform automatic and manual security analysis on AWS environments configurations and services using predefined, extensible and custom rules created using a simple Yaml syntax. The general idea behind this project is to create an abstracted digital twin of a cloud platform. For a more concrete example: nuvola reflects the BloodHound (https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/BloodHound) traits used for Active Directory (https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Active%20Directory) analysis but on cloud environments (at the moment only AWS). The usage of a graph database also increases the possibility of finding different and innovative attack paths and can be used as an offline, centralised and lightweight digital twin.
Quick Start Requirements docker-compose installed an AWS account configured to be used with awscli with full access to the cloud resources, better if in ReadOnly mode (the policy arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/ReadOnlyAccess is fine) Setup Clone the repository git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/primait/nuvola.git; cd nuvola Create and edit, if required, the .env file to set your DB username/password/URL cp .env_example .env; Start the Neo4j docker instance make start Build the tool make build Usage Firstly you need to dump all the supported AWS services configurations and load the data into the Neo4j database: ./nuvola dump -profile default_RO -outputdir ~/DumpDumpFolder -format zip To import a previously executed dump operation into the Neo4j database: ./nuvola assess -import ~/DumpDumpFolder/nuvola-default_RO_20220901.zip To only perform static assessments on the data loaded into the Neo4j database using the predefined ruleset (https://github.com/primait/nuvola/tree/master/assess/rules): ./nuvola assess Or use Neo4j Browser (https://neo4j.com/docs/operations-manual/current/installation/neo4j-browser/) to manually explore the digital twin.

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