Black Hat Ethical Hacking
Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, Macs

Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, MacsPost Views: 173 Premium Contenthttps://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Patreon-1.png Subscribe to Patreon to watch this episode.
Reading Time: 3 Minutes Security analysts have found a severe security vulnerability in the desktop app for Microsoft Teams that gives threat actors access to authentication tokens and accounts with multi-factor authentication (MFA) turned on.Microsoft Teams is a communication platform, included in the 365 product family, used by more than 270 million people for exchanging text messages, videoconferencing, and storing files.

The newly discovered security issue impacts versions of the application for Windows, Linux, and Mac and refers to Microsoft Teams storing user authentication tokens in clear text without protecting access to them.

An attacker with local access on a system where Microsoft Teams is installed could steal the tokens and use them to log into the victim’s account.

“This attack does not require special permissions or advanced malware to get away with major internal damage,” Connor Peoples at cybersecurity company Vectra explains in a report this week.

The researcher adds that by taking “control of critical seats–like a company’s Head of Engineering, CEO, or CFO—attackers can convince users to perform tasks damaging to the organization.”

Vectra researchers discovered the problem in August 2022 and reported it to Microsoft. However, Microsoft did not agree on the severity of the issue and said that it doesn’t meet the criteria for patching.
See Also: So you want to be a hacker? Complete Offensive Security and Ethical Hacking Course Problem detailsMicrosoft Teams is an Electron app, meaning that it runs in a browser window, complete with all the elements required by a regular web page (cookies, session strings, logs, etc.).

Electron does not support encryption or protected file locations by default, so while the software framework is versatile and easy to use, it is not considered secure enough for developing mission-critical products unless extensive customization and additional work is applied.

Vectra analyzed Microsoft Teams while trying to find a way to remove deactivated accounts from client apps, and found an ldb file with access tokens in clear text.
“Upon review, it was determined that these access tokens were active and not an accidental dump of a previous error. These access tokens gave us access to the Outlook and Skype APIs.” – Vectra
Additionally, the analysts discovered that the “Cookies” folder also contained valid authentication tokens, along with account information, session data, and marketing tags.
https://www.bleepstatic.com/images/news/u/1220909/Software/token-on-database.png
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doing this for other applications, such as Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Discord, and many more.
Trending: Security Engineer vs. Software Engineer
Trending: Recon Tool: ZenBuster Risk mitigationWith a patch unlikely to be released, Vectra’s recommendation is for users to switch to the browser version of the Microsoft Teams client. By using Microsoft Edge to load the app, users benefit from additional protections against token leaks.

The researchers advise Linux users to move to a different collaboaration suite, especially since Microsoft announced plans to stop supporting the app for the platform by December.

For those that can’t move to a different solution immediately, they can create a monitoring rule to discover processes accessing the following directories:

* [Windows] %AppData%\Microsoft\Teams\Cookies
* [Windows] %AppData%\Microsoft\Teams\Local Storage\leveldb
* [macOS] ~/Library/Application Support/Microsoft/Teams/Cookies
* [macOS] ~/Library/Application Support/Microsoft/Teams/Local Storage/leveldb
* [Linux] ~/.config/Microsoft/Microsoft Teams/Cookies
* [Linux] ~/.config/Microsoft/Microsoft Teams/Local Storage/leveldb

BleepingComputer has contacted Microsoft about the company’s plans to release a fix for the issue and will update the article when we get an answer.

Update 9/14/22 – A Microsoft spokesperson sent us the following comment regarding Vectra’s findings:

The technique described does not meet our bar for immediate servicing as it requires an attacker to first gain access to a target network.

We appreciate Vectra Protect’s partnership in identifying and responsibly disclosing this issue and will consider addressing in a future product release. ​Trending: GIFShell attack creates reverse shell using Microsoft Teams GIFs
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No confidence in OSCP
https://www.reddit.com/r/Pentesting/comments/xeta12/no_confidence_in_oscp/

I have rooted around 30 machines on PG Practice so far with only about 3 machines without walkthroughs or hints. I have taken tons of notes as i went along but each machine, old or new, i seem to need to look at the walkthroughs again. Enumeration, googling, testing exploits but can’t really move forward most of the time. Exam is scheduled a month from now and i really worried that i wouldnt be able to root even 1 machine. What should i do? I really want to be a pentester but seems frustrated at times because of this submitted by /u/Intelligent-Quiet566 (https://www.reddit.com/user/Intelligent-Quiet566)
[link] (https://www.reddit.com/r/Pentesting/comments/xeta12/no_confidence_in_oscp/) [comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/Pentesting/comments/xeta12/no_confidence_in_oscp/)

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Hacking on Medium
SparklingGoblin APT Hackers Using ?

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A Linux variant of a backdoor known as SideWalk was used to target a Hong Kong university in February 2021, underscoring the…

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OSI MODEL

What is the OSI model?

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Types of Ethical Hacking

In this information you will learn about “Types Of Ethical Hacking”

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CyberTalents #Who is admin

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~ In this article, we will cover:

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Hacking on Medium
How I Hacked My School

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My school has a website, which the students can access using their credentials(their admission number, and a password) to view their…

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A Lot Of Money Is Coming To Me

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I love reading these

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Kali Linux Tutorials
CVE-2022-40137: High-Severity BIOS Security Flaw in Lenovo devices

Four additional BIOS-related vulnerabilities have recently been discovered, according to a new security advisory from Lenovo. Attackers can use these flaws to allow information exposure, denial of service, or privilege escalation. The first of the bugs, identified as CVE-2022-40137, affects the WMI SMI Handler function and affects the Lenovo Desktop, Desktop AIO, Smart Edge, Smart Office, ThinkStation, and ThinkSystem models. It could be exploited by an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code.

The three problems, identified as CVE-2022-40134, CVE-2022-40135, and CVE-2022-40136, are all related to information leak vulnerabilities that, according to Lenovo, might allow users on vulnerable computers to gain access to read SMM memory.

SMI Set BIOS Password SMI Handler and Smart USB Protection both contain vulnerabilities. In some Lenovo models, SMI Handler and SMI Handler are used to configure platform parameters via WMI. This time, Lenovo addressed four vulnerabilities, with CVE-2022-40137 having the highest priority. Threats to the UEFI (BIOS) system can be very hazardous and covert. Because they are run early in the boot process, before the operating system takes over, they are able to get around practically all security precautions and mitigations higher in the stack that may prevent their OS payloads from being executed. To reduce potential dangers, users of vulnerable devices are strongly advised to upgrade their firmware.
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SharpImpersonation - A User Impersonation Tool - Via Token Or Shellcode Injection
http://www.kitploit.com/2022/09/sharpimpersonation-user-impersonation.html

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This was a learning by doing project from my side. Well known techniques are used to built just another impersonation (https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Impersonation) tool with some improvements in comparison to other public tools. The code base was taken (https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Taken) from:https://github.com/0xbadjuju/TokenvatorA blog post for the intruduction can be found here:https://s3cur3th1ssh1t.github.io/SharpImpersonation-Introduction/
List user processesPS > PS C:\temp> SharpImpersonation.exe list

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