Hacking on Medium
Bitcoin wallet breakdown — OSINT

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It’s no longer a secret that bitcoin is not as anonymous as many people think. The balance of the wallet and all of its transfers can be…

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KitPloit - PenTest Tools!
Phantun - Transforms UDP Stream Into (Fake) TCP Streams That Can Go Through Layer 3 &Amp; Layer 4 (NAPT) firewalls/NATs

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhKsoH6RpV4RUYfyjHOJzCK8BF8FEtCZyKvu7EyMX4BZt_vOfJB9EQjnPjw7kpbrW41WQiGn3bhUFPN3Q21j9W05Ir1bHTl3QAmRRf8rNSjvzdpNXzrjMNCMTjuUAl7LMFI2PkE93LpA2Al_iDVuKEdrU_eibiZiiRmn1RjHDoqH2R77Q-P0H7W7Q8k=w640-h302 Phantun is a project that obfuscated UDP packets into TCP connections. It aims to achieve maximum performance with minimum processing and encapsulation overhead.

It is commonly used in environments where UDP is blocked/throttled but TCP is allowed through.

Phantun simply converts a stream of UDP packets into obfuscated TCP stream packets. The TCP stack used by Phantun is designed to pass through most L3/L4 stateful/stateless firewalls/NAT devices. It will not be able to pass through L7 proxies. However, the advantage of this approach is that none of the common UDP over TCP performance killer such as retransmissions and flow control will occur. The underlying UDP properties such as out-of-order delivery are fully preserved even if the connection ends up looking like a TCP connection from the perspective of firewalls/NAT devices.

Phantun means Phantom TUN, as it is an obfuscator for UDP traffic that does just enough work to make it pass through stateful firewall/NATs as TCP packets. UsageFor the example below, it is assumed that Phantun Server listens for incoming Phantun Client connections at port 4567(the --localoption for server), and it forwards UDP packets to UDP server at 127.0.0.1:1234(the --remoteoption for server).

It is also assumed that Phantun Client listens for incoming UDP packets at 127.0.0.1:1234(the --localoption for client) and connects to Phantun Server at 10.0.0.1:4567(the --remoteoption for client).

Phantun creates TUN interface for both the Client and Server. For Client, Phantun assigns itself the IP address 192.168.200.2by default and for Server, it assigns 192.168.201.2by default. Therefore, your Kernel must have net.ipv4.ip_forwardenabled and setup appropriate iptables rules for NAT between your physical NIC address and Phantun's TUN interface address.

You may customize the name of Tun interface created by Phantun and the assigned addresses. Please run the executable with -hoptions to see how to change them.

Another way to help understand this network topology (please see the diagram above for an illustration of this topology):

Phantun Client is like a machine with private IP address (192.168.200.2) behind a router. In order for it to reach the Internet, you will need to SNAT the private IP address before it's traffic leaves the NIC.

Phantun Server is like a server with private IP address (192.168.201.2) behind a router. In order to access it from the Internet, you need to DNATit's listening port on the router and change the destination IP address to where the server is listening for incoming connections.

In those cases, the machine/iptables running Phantun acts as the "router" that allows Phantun to communicate with outside using it's private IP addresses.

As of Phantun v0.2.2, IPv6 support for UDP endpoints has been added, however Fake TCP IPv6 support has not been finished yet. To specify an IPv6 address, use the following format: [::1]:1234with the command line options. Back to TOC 1. Enable Kernel IP forwardingEdit /etc/sysctl.conf, add net.ipv4.ip_forward=1and run sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf. Back to TOC 2. Add required firewall rulesClientClient simply need SNAT enabled on the physical interface to translate Phantun's address into one t[...]

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hat can be used on the physical network. This can be done simply with masquerade.

Note: change eth0to whatever actual physical interface name is Back to TOC Using nftablestable inet nat {
chain postrouting {
type nat hook postrouting priority srcnat; policy accept;
iifname tun0 oif eth0 masquerade
}
} Back to TOC Using iptablesiptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE Back to TOC ServerServer needs to DNAT the TCP listening port to Phantun's TUN interface address.

Note: change eth0to whatever actual physical interface name is and 4567to actual TCP port number used by Phantun server Back to TOC Using nftablestable ip nat {
chain prerouting {
type nat hook prerouting priority dstnat; policy accept;
iif eth0 tcp dport 4567 dnat to 192.168.201.2
}
} Back to TOC Using iptablesiptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 --dport 4567 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.201.2 Back to TOC 3. Run Phantun binaries as non-root (Optional)It is ill-advised to run network facing applications as root user. Phantun can be run fully as non-root user with the cap_net_admincapability. sudo setcap cap_net_admin=+pe phantun_server
sudo setcap cap_net_admin=+pe phantun_client Back to TOC 4. Start Phantun daemonNote: Run Phantun executable with -hoption to see full detailed options. ServerNote: 4567is the TCP port Phantun should listen on and must corresponds to the DNAT rule specified above. 127.0.0.1:1234is the UDP Server to connect to for new connections. RUST_LOG=info /usr/local/bin/phantun_server --local 4567 --remote 127.0.0.1:1234 Or use host name with --remote: RUST_LOG=info /usr/local/bin/phantun_server --local 4567 --remote example.com:1234 Back to TOC ClientNote: 127.0.0.1:1234is the UDP address and port Phantun should listen on. 10.0.0.1:4567is the Phantun Server to connect. RUST_LOG=info /usr/local/bin/phantun_client --local 127.0.0.1:1234 --remote 10.0.0.1:4567 Or use host name with --remote: RUST_LOG=info /usr/local/bin/phantun_client --local 127.0.0.1:1234 --remote example.com:4567 Back to TOC MTU overheadPhantun aims to keep tunneling overhead to the minimum. The overhead compared to a plain UDP packet is the following:

Standard UDP packet: 20 byte IP header + 8 byte UDP header = 28 bytes

Phantun obfuscated UDP packet: 20 byte IP header + 20 byte TCP header = 40 bytes

Note that Phantun does not add any additional header other than IP and TCP headers in order to pass through stateful packet inspection!

Phantun's additional overhead: 12 bytes. I other words, when using Phantun, the usable payload for UDP packet is reduced by 12 bytes. This is the minimum overhead possible when doing such kind of obfuscation. Back to TOC MTU calculation for WireGuardFor people who use Phantun to tunnel WireGuard® UDP packets, here are some guidelines on figuring out the correct MTU to use for your WireGuard interface.

WireGuard MTU = Interface MTU - IP header (20 bytes) - TCP header (20 bytes) - WireGuard overhead (32 bytes)

For example, for a Ethernet interface with 1500 bytes MTU, the WireGuard interface MTU should be set as:

1500 - 20 - 20 - 32 = 1428 bytes

The resulted Phantun TCP data packet will be 1500 bytes which does not exceed the interface MTU of 1500. Back to TOC Version compatibilityWhile the TCP stack is fairly stable, the general expectation is that you should run same minor versions of Server/Client of Phantun on both ends to ensure maximum compatibility. Back to TOC PerformancePerformance was tested on AWS t3.xlarge instance with 4 vCPUs and 5 Gb/s NIC. WireGuard was used for tunneling TCP/UDP traffic between two test instances and MTU has been tuned to avoid fragmentation.
WireG[...]

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uard WireGuard + Phantun WireGuard + udp2raw (cipher-mode=none auth-mode=none disable-anti-replay) iperf3 -c IP -R 1.56 Gbit/s 540 Mbit/s 369 Mbit/s iperf3 -c IP 1.71 Gbit/s 519 Mbit/s 312 Mbit/s Back to TOC Future plans* IPv6 support for fake-tcp
* Load balancing a single UDP stream into multiple TCP streams
* Integration tests
* Auto insertion/removal of required firewall rules Back to TOC Compariation to udp2rawudp2raw is another popular project by @wangyu- that is very similar to what Phantun can do. In fact I took inspirations of Phantun from udp2raw. The biggest reason for developing Phantun is because of lack of performance when running udp2raw (especially on multi-core systems such as Raspberry Pi). However, the goal is never to be as feature complete as udp2raw and only support the most common use cases. Most notably, UDP over ICMP and UDP over UDP mode are not supported and there is no anti-replay nor encryption support. The benefit of this is much better performance overall and less MTU overhead because lack of additional headers inside the TCP payload.

Here is a quick overview of comparison between those two to help you choose:
Phantun udp2raw UDP over FakeTCP obfuscation
✅

✅
UDP over ICMP obfuscation
❌

✅
UDP over UDP obfuscation
❌

✅
Multi-threaded
✅

❌
Throughput Better Good Raw IP mode TUN interface Raw sockets + BPF Tunneling MTU overhead 12 bytes 44 bytes Seprate TCP connections for each UDP connection Client/Server Server only Anti-replay, encryption
❌

✅
IPv6 UDP only
✅ Back to TOC LicenseCopyright 2021-2022 Datong Sun (dndx@idndx.com)

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 or the MIT license , at your option. Files in the project may not be copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms. Back to TOC Download Phantun

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hacking: security in practice
How to start doing Bug Bountys?

I'd like to get into bug bounty hunting. Where is a good place to start? I'd prefer to go for the low hanging fruit that more advanced people would pass up.

Also, is it plausible to get into this with Burp Suite community edition or do you need the pro version to have a chance at being successful?

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hacking: security in practice
Hacking a Samsung Note 8 Pen

Hi!

Not sure if this is the right sub for this but, I need to figure out, if possible, how to hack into my Samsung Note 8 Pen to use on my Google Pixel 6 phone. If I'm in the wrong sub, please don't hesitate to let me know. Or if this isn't even possible.

❤️

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Hacking on Medium
How to recover deleted files that are not in the recycle bin.

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It is easy enough to accidentally delete files from your computer. But recovering them can be problematic. Especially if you don’t know…

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Hacking on Medium
Desanonimización de anónimos con Canarytokens

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Los Canarytokens (https://canarytokens.org/) son un tipo de enlace único personalizado en el que alguien hace clic o accede, podemos…

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Hacking on Medium
Masking IPLogger as YouTube

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IPLogger (https://iplogger.org/) is a service that allows you to get the victim’s IP address and User Agent using a link.

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Hacking on Medium
How I cleared eJPT Exam — My Experience

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Hello everyone. I have successfully passed eLearnSecurity Junior Penetration Tester exam on April 03, 2022. I would like to share my…

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Hacking on Medium
Changing the MAC Address on Android

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This Android app allows you to change your device’s MAC address to a random one, or one that you specify.

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Hacking on Medium
Create your own QR code with your logo?

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The conventional wisdom is that QR codes are used by large companies and brands, but this is not the case. Anyone can create their own…

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hacking: security in practice
Gitlab critical vulnerability leading to account takeovers

hey guys have you heard this news about some sort of compromise at gitlab? has any of you guys using Gitlab had their passwords reset right after this incident?

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/critical-gitlab-vulnerability-lets-attackers-take-over-accounts/

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hacking: security in practice
Decoding raw data from magnetic stripe card

My university uses a magnetic stripe card for IDs. It stored your student information, food balance, and door access.

I’ve already learned that Track 2 stores the student ID which is also used for food balance, and I’ve already learned how to edit this. But actually using it isn’t plausible considering it’s a blank card and you have to hand it to an employee to get food.

I’m assuming that Track 3 is where door access is stored, but when trying to read it as data type “User_Type” with my MSR605X it gives me a Read Error. It gives me read error in all types except raw data actually.

I’ve attempted cloning my ID raw data to a card that only uses track 3, and it successfully opened my dorm door. So I know track 3 stores that information, but I don’t understand why I’m receiving a read error. Is it in a custom format or something? How would I go about editing it?

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hacking: security in practice
what do "you" do next?

Lab environment or contacted pentest. You get a Foothold in the AD domain as a low level priv domain user and escalate your privileges to local admin or system. I know what the first thing I check next, but curious what's the first thing other check and why? Do you work bottom up 'low hanging fruit' or top to bottom?

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hacking: security in practice
Newly found Android malware records audio, tracks your location

hey guys check out this news on a newly detected android malware that's tracking your activities down to the minute details and in real time? Apparently, it seems like this is guising as a so called 'process manager' but actually a malicious spyware related to APT? Well then, better stay alert and keep your guards up against any suspicious activities that might be going on your phone without your knowledge ！

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/newly-found-android-malware-records-audio-tracks-your-location/

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hacking: security in practice
Spring Cloud RCE Bugs massively cropping up?

you know i've recently heard news that some RCE bug associated with Javascript, so better beware of its potential impact regardless of its lowly scored CVSS? Well potentially it could have serious ramifications in the long haul so experts agree that its impact should not be underestimated! what do you think?

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hacking: security in practice
Is hacking getting easier or harder?

Literally everything I’ve learned on Udemy, YouTube and tryhackme (so far) is blocked by standard security features like cloud flare or windows defender.

They say that the demand for cyber security is going to increase by 33% in the next few years.

My professor said that ~93% of hacking is done by script kiddies. If standard script kiddy tools are blocked by default windows defender configurations, where is this increasing threat coming from? Nation state actors and the elite criminal organizations who have access to zero days?

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