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Black Hat Ethical Hacking
Windows MSHTML zero-day defenses bypassed as new info emerges

https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Untitled-design-2-1.png Windows MSHTML zero-day defenses bypassed as new info emergesPost Views: 39
Reading Time: 1 Minute
This Internet Explorer MSHTML remote code execution vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2021-40444, was disclosed by Microsoft on Tuesday but with few details as it has not been patched yet.
The only information shared by Microsoft was that the vulnerability uses malicious ActiveX controls to exploit Office 365 and Office 2019 on Windows 10 to download and install malware on an affected computer.

Since then, researchers have found the malicious Word documents used in the attacks and have learned new information about how the vulnerability is exploited. Why the CVE-2021-40444 zero-day is so criticalSince the release of this vulnerability, security researchers have taken to Twitter to warn how dangerous it is even though Microsoft Office’s ‘Protected View’ feature will block the exploit.

When Office opens a document it checks if it is tagged with a “Mark of the Web” (MoTW), which means it originated from the Internet.

If this tag exists, Microsoft will open the document in read-only mode, effectively blocking the exploit unless a user clicks on the ‘Enable Editing’ buttons.
https://www.bleepstatic.com/images/news/Microsoft/vulnerabilities/CVE-2021-40444/protected-view-maldoc.jpg
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Black Hat Ethical Hacking Windows MSHTML zero-day defenses bypassed as new info emerges https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Untitled-design-2-1.png Windows MSHTML zero-day defenses bypassed as new info emergesPost Views: 39 …
ility.

With these bypasses and additional use cases, CVE-2021-40444 has become even more severe than initially thought. How CVE-2021-40444 is currently used in attacksWhile we do not have the actual phishing emails used in the attacks, Beaumont has analyzed the malicious Word document to understand better how the exploit works.
Looks like this has been in the wild for a week or more. Uses the daft as F feature that allows Word to load a template from internet, that spawns IE and then trusts JS and ActiveX controls, then uses ../.. (yes it's 1999) to spawn .cpl file https://t.co/mOvaN9YLj6 pic.twitter.com/xLf2jVWyY5

— Kevin Beaumont (@GossiTheDog) September 8, 2021
See Also: Offensive Security Tool: Pegasus Spyware – Decompiled One of the known malicious Word attachments used in the attacks is named ‘A Letter before court 4.docx’ [VirusTotal] and claims to be a letter from an attorney.

Since the file was downloaded from the Internet, it will be tagged with the ‘Mark of the Web’ and opened in Protected View, as shown below.
https://www.bleepstatic.com/images/news/Microsoft/vulnerabilities/CVE-2021-40444/malicious-word-document.jpg
See Also: Hacking Stories: Andrian Lamo – The ‘homeless’ Hackerhttps://www.bleepstatic.com/images/news/Microsoft/vulnerabilities/CVE-2021-40444/side_html-file.jpg
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ility. With these bypasses and additional use cases, CVE-2021-40444 has become even more severe than initially thought. How CVE-2021-40444 is currently used in attacksWhile we do not have the actual phishing emails used in the attacks, Beaumont has analyzed…
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EDD - Enumerate Domain Data

Enumerate Domain Data is designed to be similar to PowerView but in .NET. PowerView is essentially the ultimate domain enumeration tool, and we wanted a .NET implementation that we worked on ourselves. This tool was largely put together by viewing implementations of different functionality across a wide range of existing projects and combining them into EDD.Usage To use EDD, you just need to call the application, provide the function that you want to run (listed below) and provide any optional/required parameters used by the function. Functions The following functions can be used with the -f flag to specify the data you want to enumerate/action you want to take. Forest/Domain Information getdomainsid - Returns the domain sid (by default current domain if no domain is provided)getforest - returns the name of the current forestgetforestdomains - returns the name of all domains in the current forestconvertsidtoname - Converts a SID to the corresponding group or domain name (use the -u option for providing the SID value)getadcsservers - Get a list of servers running AD CS within the current domain Computer Information getdomaincomputers - Get a list of all computers in the domaingetdomaincontrollers - Gets a list of all domain controllersgetdomainshares - Get a list of all accessible domain shares User Information remote system getnetdomaingroupmember - Returns a list of all users in a domain group getdomainuser - Retrieves info about specific user (name, description, SID, Domain Groups) getnetsession - Returns a list of accounts with sessions on the targeted system getnetloggedon - Returns a list of accounts logged into the targeted system getuserswithspns - Returns a list of all domain accounts that have a SPN associated with them ">getnetlocalgroupmember - Returns a list of all users in a local group on a remote systemgetnetdomaingroupmember - Returns a list of all users in a domain groupgetdomainuser - Retrieves info about specific user (name, description, SID, Domain Groups)getnetsession - Returns a list of accounts with sessions on the targeted systemgetnetloggedon - Returns a list of accounts logged into the targeted systemgetuserswithspns - Returns a list of all domain accounts that have a SPN associated with them Chained Information finddomainprocess - Search for a specific process across all systems in the domain (requires admin access on remote systems)finddomainuser - Searches the domain environment for a specified user or group and tries to find active sessions (default searches for Domain Admins)findinterestingdomainsharefile - Searches the domain environment for all accessible shares. Once found, it parses all filenames for "interesting" stringsfindwritableshares - Enumerates all shares in the domain and then checks to see if the current account can create a text file in the root level share, and one level deep. References PowerView - https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/master/Recon/PowerView.ps1CSharp-Tools - https://github.com/RcoIl/CSharp-ToolsStackOverflow - Random questions (if this isn't somehow listed as a reference, we know we're forgetting it :))SharpView - https://github.com/tevora-threat/SharpView Download EDD
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