In the realm of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a symbol of…Continue reading on Medium » (https://medium.com/@Land2Cyber/legal-regulations-investigations-and-compliance-cissp-domain-8-unraveled-ee5814ce979e?source=rss------bug_bounty-5)
“Security Assessment and Testing CISSP Approaches to Evaluating Vulnerabilities”
In the realm of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a beacon of…Continue reading on Medium »
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In the realm of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a beacon of…Continue reading on Medium »
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“Security Assessment and Testing CISSP Approaches to Evaluating Vulnerabilities”
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“CISSP and Security in the Cloud Navigating the Evolving Cybersecurity Landscape”
In the dynamic landscape of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a…Continue reading on Medium »
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In the dynamic landscape of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a…Continue reading on Medium »
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Medium
“CISSP and Security in the Cloud Navigating the Evolving Cybersecurity Landscape”
In the dynamic landscape of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a beacon…
“Legal, Regulations, Investigations, and Compliance CISSP Domain 8 Unraveled”
In the realm of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a symbol of…Continue reading on Medium »
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In the realm of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a symbol of…Continue reading on Medium »
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“Legal, Regulations, Investigations, and Compliance CISSP Domain 8 Unraveled”
In the realm of cybersecurity, the Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certification stands as a symbol of…
Main ResourcesContinue reading on Medium » (https://medium.com/@0UN390/ewptx-prepare-resources-a741220cf145?source=rss------bug_bounty-5)
#Day6 Bug Bounty Recon Part 2: ( Subdomains and S3 buckets )
Subdomain enumeration is a crucial step in bug bounty hunting that can help you identify potential vulnerabilities in web applications. By…Continue reading on CodingNinjaBlogs »
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Road to Subdomains and S3 buckets #Day6
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#Day6 Bug Bounty Recon Part 2: ( Subdomains and S3 buckets )
https://medium.com/codingninjablogs/day6-bug-bounty-recon-part-2-subdomains-and-s3-buckets-1a01780e6908?source=rss------bug_bounty-5
https://medium.com/codingninjablogs/day6-bug-bounty-recon-part-2-subdomains-and-s3-buckets-1a01780e6908?source=rss------bug_bounty-5
Subdomain enumeration is a crucial step in bug bounty hunting that can help you identify potential vulnerabilities in web applications. By…Continue reading on CodingNinjaBlogs » (https://medium.com/codingninjablogs/day6-bug-bounty-recon-part-2-subdomains-and-s3-buckets-1a01780e6908?source=rss------bug_bounty-5)
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Enumeration Techniques
Enumeration Techniques
Bread - BIOS Reverse Engineering And Advanced Debugging
http://www.kitploit.com/2023/11/bread-bios-reverse-engineering-and.html
http://www.kitploit.com/2023/11/bread-bios-reverse-engineering-and.html
| |--------------->| |--------------->| |
| dbg | | bridge | | gdb |
|(real HW)|<---------------| (Linux) |<---------------| (Linux) |
+---------+ serial +----------+ TCP +---------+ Features By implementing the GDB stub, BREAD has many features out-of-the-box. The following commands are supported: Read memory (via x (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Memory.html), dump (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Dump_002fRestore-Files.html), find (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Searching-Memory.html), and relateds) Write memory (via set (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Assignment.html), restore (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Dump_002fRestore-Files.html), and relateds) Read and write registers (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Registers.html#Registers) Single-Step (si (https://sourceware.org/gdb/download/onlinedocs/gdb/Continuing-and-Stepping.html), stepi) and continue (c (https://sourceware.org/gdb/download/onlinedocs/gdb/Continuing-and-Stepping.html), continue) Breakpoints (b (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Set-Breaks.html), break)1 (https://github.com/Theldus/bread#user-content-fn-bp_note-39e484c63d9d86e3a2c6e6aff6905f63) Hardware Watchpoints (watch (https://sourceware.org/gdb/download/onlinedocs/gdb/Set-Watchpoints.html) and its siblings)2 (https://github.com/Theldus/bread#user-content-fn-watchp_note-39e484c63d9d86e3a2c6e6aff6905f63) Limitations How many? Yes. Since the code being debugged is unaware that it is being debugged, it can interfere with the debugger in several ways, to name a few: Protected-mode jump: If the debugged code switches to protected-mode, the structures for interrupt handlers, etc. are altered and the debugger will no longer be invoked at that point in the code. However, it is possible that a jump back to real mode (restoring the full previous state) will allow the debugger to work again. IDT changes: If for any reason the debugged code changes the IDT or its base address, the debugger handlers will not be properly invoked. Stack: BREAD uses a stack and assumes it exists! It should not be inserted into locations where the stack has not yet been configured. For BIOS debugging, there are other limitations such as: it is not possible to debug the BIOS code from the very beggining (bootblock), as a minimum setup (such as RAM) is required for BREAD to function correctly. However, it is possible to perform a "warm-reboot" by setting CS:EIP to F000:FFF0. In this scenario, the BIOS initialization can be followed again, as BREAD is already properly loaded. Please note that the "code-path" of BIOS initialization during a warm-reboot may be different from a cold-reboot and the execution flow may not be exactly the same. Building Building only requires GNU Make, a C compiler (https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Compiler) (such as GCC, Clang, or TCC), NASM, and a Linux machine. The debugger has two modes of operation: polling (default) and interrupt-based: Polling mode Polling mode is the simplest approach and should work well in a variety of environments. However, due the polling nature, there is a high CPU usage: Building $ git clone https://github.com/Theldus/BREAD.git
$ cd BREAD/
$ make Interrupt-based mode The interrupt-based mode optimizes CPU utilization by utilizing UART interrupts to receive new data, instead of constantly polling for it. This results in the CPU remaining in a 'halt' state until receiving commands from the debugger, and thus, preventing it from consuming 100% of the CPU's resources. However, as interrupts are not always enabled, this mode is not set as the default option: Building $ git clone https://github.com/Theldus/BREAD.git
$ cd BREAD/
| dbg | | bridge | | gdb |
|(real HW)|<---------------| (Linux) |<---------------| (Linux) |
+---------+ serial +----------+ TCP +---------+ Features By implementing the GDB stub, BREAD has many features out-of-the-box. The following commands are supported: Read memory (via x (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Memory.html), dump (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Dump_002fRestore-Files.html), find (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Searching-Memory.html), and relateds) Write memory (via set (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Assignment.html), restore (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Dump_002fRestore-Files.html), and relateds) Read and write registers (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Registers.html#Registers) Single-Step (si (https://sourceware.org/gdb/download/onlinedocs/gdb/Continuing-and-Stepping.html), stepi) and continue (c (https://sourceware.org/gdb/download/onlinedocs/gdb/Continuing-and-Stepping.html), continue) Breakpoints (b (https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Set-Breaks.html), break)1 (https://github.com/Theldus/bread#user-content-fn-bp_note-39e484c63d9d86e3a2c6e6aff6905f63) Hardware Watchpoints (watch (https://sourceware.org/gdb/download/onlinedocs/gdb/Set-Watchpoints.html) and its siblings)2 (https://github.com/Theldus/bread#user-content-fn-watchp_note-39e484c63d9d86e3a2c6e6aff6905f63) Limitations How many? Yes. Since the code being debugged is unaware that it is being debugged, it can interfere with the debugger in several ways, to name a few: Protected-mode jump: If the debugged code switches to protected-mode, the structures for interrupt handlers, etc. are altered and the debugger will no longer be invoked at that point in the code. However, it is possible that a jump back to real mode (restoring the full previous state) will allow the debugger to work again. IDT changes: If for any reason the debugged code changes the IDT or its base address, the debugger handlers will not be properly invoked. Stack: BREAD uses a stack and assumes it exists! It should not be inserted into locations where the stack has not yet been configured. For BIOS debugging, there are other limitations such as: it is not possible to debug the BIOS code from the very beggining (bootblock), as a minimum setup (such as RAM) is required for BREAD to function correctly. However, it is possible to perform a "warm-reboot" by setting CS:EIP to F000:FFF0. In this scenario, the BIOS initialization can be followed again, as BREAD is already properly loaded. Please note that the "code-path" of BIOS initialization during a warm-reboot may be different from a cold-reboot and the execution flow may not be exactly the same. Building Building only requires GNU Make, a C compiler (https://www.kitploit.com/search/label/Compiler) (such as GCC, Clang, or TCC), NASM, and a Linux machine. The debugger has two modes of operation: polling (default) and interrupt-based: Polling mode Polling mode is the simplest approach and should work well in a variety of environments. However, due the polling nature, there is a high CPU usage: Building $ git clone https://github.com/Theldus/BREAD.git
$ cd BREAD/
$ make Interrupt-based mode The interrupt-based mode optimizes CPU utilization by utilizing UART interrupts to receive new data, instead of constantly polling for it. This results in the CPU remaining in a 'halt' state until receiving commands from the debugger, and thus, preventing it from consuming 100% of the CPU's resources. However, as interrupts are not always enabled, this mode is not set as the default option: Building $ git clone https://github.com/Theldus/BREAD.git
$ cd BREAD/